The purpose of the present study was to compare the long-term management objectives, policy objectives, implementation plans, and detailed plans of four provincial parks established in 2013 using various analysis frameworks. Through this, the study aimed to identify the characteristics of the management plan and extract the implementation plan important to each park by analyzing the priorities in the detailed plan. The long-term management objectives of most parks were to maintain recreational functions by utilizing all the resources of the park, rather than merely preserving the ecosystem. From an ecological perspective, information on major plants and legal protection species are included for most parks, and geological and topographic features considered a major resource. For sustainable forests, it is important to induce the dispersion of concentrated use space. Efficient management systems are distinctively differentiated among the parks. For regional revitalization, the management of programs to link provincial parks and their surrounding areas has become most important. From an ecological perspective, priorities differed for the parks according to their ecological characteristics. For sustainable forests, Moaksan Provincial Park prioritized the visitor reservation system related to the overall park, while the other three parks prioritized alleviating the concentrated use of specific areas. From an efficient management perspective, Daedunsan Provincial Park prioritized aspects related to the cableway. Maisan Provincial Park prioritized inducing the linkage between the use of natural and cultural resources, and Seonunsan Provincial Park prioritized establishing an ecological and cultural commentary operating system. For the base-type leisure activity space, Moaksan Provincial Park prioritized the systematic management and operation of the pilgrimage route, Maisan Provincial Park the connection between the Maisan geography and residents’ income, and Seonunsan Provincial Park providing a space for ecological education.

예이츠의 종말론적 작품들을 보면 여성의 역할이 명확히 그려져 있다. 계시적 역할은 여성의 일이지, 여성이 영감을 주는 것을 (흔히 불완전하게) 해석하도록 요구받는 남성의 일은 아닌 것으로 나타난다. 이 구분은, 「재림」과 「하룬 알라쉬드의 선물」에서 표현되어 있는데, 자동기술 원고, 꿈의 노트북, 카드 자료, 그리고 원고 자료에 보존되어 있는 것처럼, 『환상록』의 참고자료를 거쳐 남편과 부인이 공동창출한 두 사람의 관계에서뿐만 아니라 1925년과 1937년 판의 나타난 『환상록』의 체계에 뿌리를 두고 있다.

This study investigated the management of staff training programmes and school climate for teacher retention in secondary schools in Rivers State. Two (2) research questions and 2 corresponding hypotheses were answered and tested in the study, respectively. The population of the study comprised all the 268 public senior secondary schools in Rivers State, with 268 principals (218 males and 50 females), from which a sample of 215 (80%) was drawn using the stratified random sampling technique. Respondents of the study responded to a validated 20 – item instrument titled ‘Managing Staff Training Programmes and School Climate for Teacher Retention Scale’ (STPSCTRS), designed by the researchers, in the modified 4 – point likert scale model, with a reliability index of 0.74, obtained using Cronbach Alpha. In all, 215 sets of the instruments were administered to the respondents in their various schools 214 (99%) were retrieved, while 213 (99%) survived after coding and were used in the statistical procedures. Mean and standard deviation, were used in answering the research questions, while z-test was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. Results from data analysis show that staff training programmes, and school climate are necessary for teacher retention. It was concluded that the use of staff training programmes and conducive school climate to a very high extent, determine teacher retention in secondary schools in Rivers State. Recommendations were that school principals, government and educational stakeholders should give attention to staff training programmes and school climate in their various schools.

The aim of this study is to obtain basic data to set the direction for construct and managing auto campsites. A survey was conducted with users of an auto campsite located in Jangsu Nuri Park in October 2018, and 32 copies of the questionnaire were used in the analysis. Auto camping is typically undertaken for a night or two with family or friends/colleagues. The adequacy of fees and location are important factors in choosing the campsite, so it is desirable to build one in the suburbs of the city and offer it at a reasonable price. Proximity to tourist spots and convenience in using facilities are also factors that must be considered. People are generally engaged in activities such as taking walks, relaxing, and looking around campsites, and they want to enjoy various other amenities like attractions, experiences, entertainment, and active leisure options, which is why there must be facilities to support these behaviors. The first-time visitors of the campsite showed high satisfaction with its individual facilities, while repeat visitors showed high overall satisfaction, which indicates that satisfaction with individual elements did not lead to overall satisfaction.

During an up-righting project for a capsized ship, the dynamic effect enlarges the tensions of cables. The cable tensions which are calculated based on statics and the safety evaluation which is based on these tensions cannot ensure the safety of the up-righting project. Due to the above reasons, a numerical simulation project is applied to investigate the dynamic effect on cable tensions of up-righting projects and evaluate the safety of up-righting project in current research. Firstly, a theoretical equation of the quasi-static up-righting project model is established in current research and is solved. Subsequently, the precision of the numerical simulation method applied in current research is checked by comparing cable tensions which are calculated by theoretical model and numerical simulation method. The cable tensions in different cases are solved by the numerical simulation method which accounts for dynamic effect in order to investigate the relationship between cable tensions and capsized ship weights, cable stiffness and winding-in speed. Finally, the safety of up-righting project is evaluated based on all the cable tensions calculated. It is pointed out that cable tension increases with the value of capsized ship weight, cable stiffness or winding-in speed approximately. The safety coefficients of cable in some high winding-in speeds are bellow 1.0. The results indicate that the dynamic effect is significant and should be accounted for during the up-righting project.

Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUUF) is a complex problem because IUUF perpetrators not only have fisheries management issues, but also commit other crimes. This phenomenon raises further academic analysis of crime in fisheries at domestic and international levels. Indonesia has experienced different events leading to addressing crimes related to fisheries, which initially came from IUUF practices. To achieve legal certainty, crimes in fisheries issues must be separated from IUUF because IUUF is a matter under the mandate of FAO and crime in fishery is under the mandate of UNODC. Many have mixed IUUF and crimes in fishery in one basket, making the matter confusing from legal and practical point of view. At the domestic level, there must be a regulatory framework recognizing the linkage between fisheries and criminal activities At the international level, meanwhile, there must be an international cooperation through existing frameworks such as Mutual Legal Assistance.

The knock-in efficiency is very important to manipulate gene editing in the transgenic domestic animal. Recently, it is reported that transiently loosen nucleosome folding of transcriptionally inactive chromatin might have potential tp enhance the homologouse recombination efficiency. Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups from an amino acid on a histone. This is important because DNA is wrapped around histones, and DNA expression is regulated by acetylation and de-acetylation. In this study, Mac-T cell were treated with 10uM VPA (valproic acid, HDAC inhibitor) for 24 h and transfected with Knock-in vector and TALEN at targeting of β-casein gene. After 3 day of transfection, knock-in efficiency was confirmed by PCR. The level of HDAC2 protein in Mac-T cells was decreased by VPA treatment. The knock-in efficiency in the Mac-T cell with treated HDAC inhibitor was higher than cell not treated HDAC inhibitor. These results indicated that chromatin modification by HDAC inhibitor enhances homologous recombination efficiency in the Mac-T cell.

In general, the shape of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) at germinal vesicle (GV) stage is important roles on meiotic maturation of porcine oocyte during in vitro maturation (IVM). Then, mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide from electron transport system during oocyte maturation. ROS levels on oocytes are regulated by various antioxidant enzymes in cumulus cells (CCs). However, the effect of mitochondria derived superoxide production from CCs during IVM of porcine oocyte has not been reported. Firstly, we divided groups according to large number of CCs (Grade 1: G1) and small number of CCs (Grade 2: G2). Then, we counted cumulus cells of G1 and G2 oocyte by using haemocytometer. The oocyte maturation rate was significant decreased (p < 0.05) in G2 oocytes than that of G1 oocytes. We measured mitochondria derived superoxide in G1 and G2 COCs by using Mito-SOX staining. Mitochondrial superoxide was higher in G2 COCs than G1 COCs. Then, the mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD1, SOD2 and PRDX3) in G2 COCs were decreased compared to G1 COCs. To reduce mitochondria derived superoxide, we used Mito-TEMPO as mitochondrial superoxide scavenger. Oocyte maturation rates in both G1 and G2 groups treated with Mito-TEMPO were increased than that of non-treated groups. Mitochondrial superoxide was lower in G1 and G2 groups treated with Mito-TEMPO than that of non-treatment groups. The mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes in G1 and G2 COCs treated with Mito-TEMPO were increased compared to non-treated groups. Based on these findings, we suggest that reduction of mitochondria derived superoxide by Mito-TEMPO assists maturation competence in porcine oocytes.