Background : This study was carried out to provide basic data for the cultivation of the rare Glehnia littoralis in Korean Midwest. Methods and Results : In Korean Midwest, Glehnia littoralis was distributed at an average dis tance of 36.1m from the shoreline. The average altitude of the emergence area was 4.2m and the average slope was 4.3%. All the Glehnia littoralis grew on the sand of the coastal sand d unes. The average pH of habitat was 8.4, the organic matter content was 0.4%, and the avail able phosphate content was 9.1 ㎎/㎏. The potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium of exc hangeable cation were 0.09, 9.31, 0.43 and 0.23 cmol+/㎏, respectively. Conclusions : Glehnia littoralis are native to the coastal sand dunes, but when cultivated, it is necessary to extend the range of soil selection.

Background : This study was carried out to provide basic data for in-situ conservation of the rare Glehnia littoralis in Korean Midwest. Methods and Results : In Korean Midwest, The average number of plants with Glehnia littora lis were 7 taxa in per plot, and Sinduri was the most abundant in 8 taxa among the surveyed areas. The total number of plants that appeared together were 16 taxa including Glehnia littor alis, the plants were Artemisia capillaris, Asparagus schoberioides, Calystegia soldanella, Care x kobomugi, Carex pumila, Elymus mollis, Glehnia littoralis, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii, Ischaemum anthephoroides, Ixeris repens, Lathyrus japonica, Miscanthus sinensis, Oenothera bi ennis, Rosa rugosa, Vitex rotundifolia and Zoysia macrostachya. Among them, Carex kobomug i (46.3%), Elymus mollis (15.9%), and Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii (11.7%) were the pla nts with an average coverage of more than 10%. The plants that appeared in all 4 sites in th e survey area were Carex kobomugi and Carex pumila. Conclusions : Rare medicinal plant of Glehnia littoralis was required to be in-situ conservatio n with accompanying plants of coastal sand dunes.

Background : This study aimed to determine the use of proper organic fertilizer through side dressing application in the environmental cultivation of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara. to improve farming income. Methods and Results : In the cultivation of eco-friendly and environmental medicinal plant like Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara., it is necessary to use organic instead of chemical fertilizer. Organic fertilizers such as HL, CK, OK were applied three (3) times during the last ten days of July, August, and September. There was no significant difference between CF and NT, in terms of the number of rooting per 1㎡ which was 12.1 -12.9. There were also no significant differences in plant length, leaf length, leaf width and dry weight. The root length was 19.9 ㎝, which was the longest in CK, and 16.8 ㎝, the shortest in ST, but described as no significant difference. The root width was 14.8 – 5.5 ㎜, and the number of rootlet was 5.7 - 7.1, but was considered not a significant difference. The dry weight was 16.6 g in HL, 16.3 g in CK and ST, and 15.6 g in OK, but still there were no significant differences observed. However, it was 14.6 g in NT, which was considered the lowest, thus there was a significant difference. The number of dry root per 10 a was 149 ㎏ which is considered the most in HL, 141 ㎏ in CK, 140 ㎏ in ST, and 138kg in OK yet there were no significant differences observed. While NT only had 123 ㎏ hence, there was a significant difference on the number of dry root per 10a as compared with the group applied with the three organic fertilizers. Conclusion : In conclusion, it is proper to use Organic Fertilizer HL and CK through side dressing application in growing Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara.

Background : This project was conducted to determine proper seed harvest time and seed storage methods of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara. Methods and Results : When Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara. transplanted this year, seeding can only be done the following year. Therefore, the seeds harvested in the interval of ten (10) days were investigated for seed harvest amount, germination rate, seed storage temperature and storing on container, between the period late August and mid-October. It is when the seed fructification started and ended. The seeds harvested from the first ten (10) days of October to mid October were 87.9% in whole seeds. The proper seed harvesting time was mid October which has a germination rate of 75% in whole seed harvest time. The lowest germination rate of 27.3% was at the germination temperature of 15℃. As the temperature rises, the germination rate increases. In 29℃, the germination rate was at 79% which is the highest; and from 30℃, the germination rate decreased to 71%. When the storage temperature was at 0℃ after storage of 5 months, the germination rate was at 83%. However, after storage of 12 months, it decreased by 7% that was 76%. When in 4℃, after storage of 5 months the germination rate was at 85%. However, after storage of 12 months it decreased by 8% which was 77%. In room temperature after storage of 5 months, germination rate was at 77%, but after storage of 12 months it decreased by 22% which was 55%. When seeds were stored in vinyl container, it was observed that the germination rate was at 86% after 5 months of storage, which was 9% higher than seed stored in paper which was 77%. After 12 months storage, seed in vinyl container had a germination rate of 71%, which was 3% higher than seed in paper at 68%. Conclusion : It is concluded that the proper time of seed gathering of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara. is during the first ten (10) days of October to mid-October. When the long time storage is needed, below zero temperature with vinyl container is more appropriate.

Background : This study was carried out to provide the basic data for selection of excellent resources and true seeds of southern medicinal plant (Camellia japonica). Methods and Results : Camellia japonica seedlings (measure in October, seeding in May) were 7.4 leaves, 1.0 g leaf dry weight, 6.7 ㎝ stem length, 2.9 ㎜ stem diameter, 0.3 g stem dry weight, 17.3 ㎝ root length, 1.0 g root dry weight, 2.0 g plant dry weight and 1.4. T/R ratio. Leaf number, leaf dry weight, stem diameter and root dry weight were higher than average after 1.21 g of seed weight. Stem length was higher than average after 1.01 g of seed weight, plant dry weight was higher than average after 0.81 g of seed weight, and stem dry weight was higher than average after 0.61 g of seed weight. Seedling growth was good when the seeds were heavy, and T/R ratio tended to decrease when the seeds were heavy. Conclusions : In order to mass-produce of seedlings using Camellia japonica seeds, it was necessary to specify the weight and size of the seeds.

Background : This study was carried out to provide the basic data for selection of excellent resources and true seeds of southern medicinal plant (Camellia japonica). Methods and Results : The germination rate at room temperature and 4℃ dry storage did not show a tendency according to seed weight. The germination rate of 4℃ wet sand storage increased with seed weight but showed very low germination rate at 120 days of storage. The germination rate at 4℃ wet filter paper storage was higher than 80% in 60 days, 90 days and 120 days storage, and there was no difference in germination rate with seed weight. The mean number of germination days was about 30 days in average at room temperature and 4℃ dry storage, but wet storage (sand, filter paper) was short as about 13 days. Conclusions : The seeding of Camellia japonica seeds (last autumn harvest) in the spring of the next year was evaluated as the most efficient way to 4℃ wet filter paper storage

This study was conducted to investigate the influences of a horticultural activity program applying REBT group counseling on female marriage immigrants’ self-expression and the degree of depression. The subjects that applied for the program are 14 persons. With them, 10 sessions in total were carried out for two hours per time on every Wednesday at the J. gun (County) Social Welfare Center from December 17, 2013 through February 25, 2014. To look into a result of a pre-test on homogeneity between the control group and the experimental group. For self-expression as a result of a t-test in the control group, there was no significant difference in the average (p=.825), t=0.42 (p>.05). For depression, in the control group, as a result of a t-test, there was no significant difference in the average (p=.142), t=-1.145 (p>.05). To look into the change of self-expression according to the process the program. As a result of a T-test in the control group, there was a very significant decrease, t=-7.675 (p<.001), it turned out that self-expression decreased during the program . As a result of a T-test in the experimental group there was a very significant increase, t=9.899 (p<.001), it turned out that self-expression increased during the program. To look into the change of self-expression according to the process the program. To look into the change of depression. As a result of Wilcoxon signed-rank test in the control, there was a significant increase (p=.016), z=-2.410 (p<.05), it turned out that their depression increased during the progress of the program. As a result of a T-test in the experimental group there was a very significant decrease, t=-7.175 (p<.001), it turned out that their depression decreased during the process of the program. As a result of a Pearson Correlation analysis on the factors of self-expression and factors of depression, their score of self-expression after the program had a significantly negative (-) correlation with their depression score (r=-0.705) after the program. Like the above results of the study, the horticultural activity applying REBT group counseling is effective for improving female marriage immigrants’ self-expression and reducing their depression.

Brugada syndrome is associated with high risk for sudden death without structural cardiac defects due to ventricular arrhythmias. A 47-years-old man with Brugada syndrome has admitted because of right patella fracture. General anesthesia with sevoflurane and remifentanil was carefully maintained according to the BIS for the maintenance of adequate anesthetic depth and to avoid tachycardia during the surgery. Blood pressure and heart rate of the patient were maintained less than 150/90 mmHg and 100 beat/min perioperatively. There were no adverse events, and the patient was discharged home after ten days.

Background : In previous studies, adlay seeds showed a prevalence of diversified fungal flora with the predominant fungal genera being Fusarium (45.6%) and In vitro test showed that fungal toxins like Fumonisin and Zearalenone were produced by Fusarium fujikuroi, F. asiaticum and F. graminearum. Because of this we performed experiments to selecting disinfective chemicals for controlling the Fusarium contamination in the adlay seed. Methods and Results : We carried out the chemical efficacy test such as seed disinfectants selection test appling before planting and pesticides selection test using in the earing season. In the present study, eleven different commercially available seed disinfectant were applied to the adlay seeds. Among 11 seed disinfectants, Hexaconazole+Prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and Prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate (EC) had control value of 80% or above against Fusarium species tested. In the pesticides selection test, seven different commercially available pesticides for Fusarium blight (Scab) control were applied and we observed that Metconazole suspension concentrate(SC) strongly inhibited the mycelial growth of 10 Fusarium species all. Conclusion : From the above results, we selected Hexaconazole+Prochloraz EC and Prochloraz EC as a seed disinfectants and Metconazole SC as a pesticide using in the earing season for Scab control.

Background : This experiment was conducted to select GAP applying seed disinfectants in Astragalus membranaceus and Platycodon grandiflorum. Methods and Results : We carried out the chemical efficacy and injury test. For the efficacy test, we investigated fungal detection rate by seed disinfectants and for the chemical injury, we investigated germination rate and emergence rate by seed disinfectants in reference amount and fold amount. These experiments carried out two times. The results obtained are as follows. In the experiment for seed disinfectants selection of Astragalus membranaceus, all tested chemicals such as Tebuconazole emulsifiable concentrate(EC), Thiophanate-methyl + Triflumizole wettable powder(WP), Prochloraz copper chloride complex+Tebuconazole suspension concentrate(SC), Prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate(EC), Fludioxonil wetting liquid(WL) and Hexaconazol+Prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate(EC) had control value of 80% or above against seed contaminated fungi. However two chemicals such as Tebuconazole EC and Prochloraz copper chloride complex+Tebuconazole SC and two chemicals such as Prochloraz EC and Hexaconazol+Prochloraz EC exhibited chemical injury significantly in reference amount and in fold amount respectively, compared to non treated control. In the case of seed disinfectants selection of Platycodon grandiflorum, Prochloraz copper chloride complex+Tebuconazole SC, Prochloraz EC and Hexaconazol+Prochloraz EC had control value of above 80% against seed contaminated fungi except Thiophanate-methyl+Triflumizole WP and Fludioxonil WL. However Hexaconazol+Prochloraz EC and Prochloraz copper chloride complex+Tebuconazole SC exhibited chemical injury significantly in reference amount and in fold amount respectively, compared to non treated control. Conclusion : From the above results, we finally selected three items of seed disinfectants including Thiophanate-methyl+Triflumizole WP and Fludioxonil WL in Astragalus membranaceus and Prochloraz emulsion in Platycodon grandiflorum.

Background : This text was conducted to investigate the fruit type of Camellia japonica in ko rea. Methods and Results : In fruit of Camellia japonica, For fruit length of 24.1～33.0mm was 6 3.7%, and width of 30.1～39.0mm was 60.2%, and weight of 10.1～25.0g was 62.1%. Fruit was near in circle shape, because length/width ratio 0.71～1.00 indicate 79.6%. Seed number of per fruit by weight was also tends to be which is much as fruit is heavy. In correlation b etween each of fruit character, Fruit width showed a positive correlation with the fruit length, fruit weight, seed number. Also, for seed number, the correlation coefficient is the fruit weigh t (0.643**), fruit width (0.640**) was significantly more than the length (0.532**). Conclusions : Camellia japonica was very various size, shape of fruit and seed number of per fruit.

Background : Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge) is distributed in northeastern region in China. The seeds are oil-rich and used as an edible and/or medicinal additives in China. We investigated genetic indices and molecular variance using ISSR markers and oil contents variance by analyzing fatty acid composition in several artificial populations in China. Methods and Results : Seeds were collected from four discontiguous artificial populations in four area in China : two in Inner Mongolia (IM), one in Liaoning (LN) and one in Shandong (SD). Farm in SD showed the highest number of effective alleles (Ne), Shannon index (I), and expected heterozygosity (He), i.e., 1.598, 0.470, and 0.325, respectively. Crude fat contents in kernel observed as 54.5 g 100 g-1 from SD. In contrast it was observed the lowest contents as 46.5 g 100 g-1 from LN . The fatty acid composition was determined to those of oleic acid (31.3%) from SD. And linoleic acid was determined as 38.1% from LN. These artificial populations have relatively high genetic variation, and within-population variation (23%) was higher than among populations. The artificial populations were divided into two groups, revealing these was little correlation between genetic and geographic distance. Conclusion : This study can provide the important information on genetic variation and contents characteristics. It may be responsible for the programs of improvement and germplasm conservation in the future.

Background : Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara. is one of the important oriental medicinal herbs being used to cure lung/respiratory diseases. It belongs to the five Sam (ginseng) including Panax ginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Sophora flavescens, and Scrophularia buergeriana. In 2015, Korea produced 72 tons of medicinal herbs in a 14-hectare area and imported 24 tons valued at US$95,000. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of several biopesticides to control leaf spot of A. triphylla var. japonica Hara. Methods and Results : One year plants at the Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA were used. The treatments used biopesticides such as plant extracts (BP), microbial agent (DM), microbial agent (PJ), sulfur powder (HS), and controlled chemicals (ST), while non treatment (NT) was used as control. After the early part of disease outbreak, the plants were treated four times with 7 days interval. The incidence of leaf spot, efficacy, phytotoxicity and control value were investigated. Based on the efficacy test, incidence of leaf spot is lowest at 15.6% in plant extracts (BP). Other biopesticides showed higher incidence - 16.7% for microbial agent (DM), 17.8% for microbial agent (PJ), 18.9% for sulfur powder (HS) and 71.1% for non treatment (NT), compared with 11.1% in controlled chemicals (ST). The microbial agent (PJ), sulfur powder (HS), plant extracts (BP) and microbial agent (DM) were not damaged in the phytotoxicity test. In the test of application dose, time and methods, the control value was highest in plant extracts (BP) at 78.1%, followed by microbial agent (DM) at 76.6%, microbial agent (PJ) at 75.0%, and sulfur powder (HS) at 73.4% , compared with controlled chemicals (ST) at 84.4%. Conclusion : It is possible to use biopesticides at the proper time to prevent leaf spot in Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara.

Background : Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara. is used to cure respiratory/ lung diseases, which makes it an important oriental medicinal herb. It is one of the five Sam (ginseng), which includes Panax ginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Sophora flavescens, and Scrophularia buergeriana. In 2015, Korea imported 24 tons of medicinal herbs worth US$95,000. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of several mulching materials on the growth and root yield of A. triphylla var. japonica using organic fertilizer. Methods and Result : Seeds of A. triphylla var. japonica were collected at the nursery of the Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA in 2015. Mulching materials used are black plastic, black woven fabric, and biodegradable plastic. Hand weeding was done to serve as control. The soil was fertilized two months before planting. Seeds of A. triphylla var. japonica were sowed in tray in early March and were allowed to grow for two months. It was planted in early May with planting density of 30 ㎝ x 15 ㎝ and was covered with various mulching materials. Parameters investigated are survival rate, aerial part and root growth characteristics, and yield at harvest time. Results showed that biodegradable plastic is most favorable for plant growth with height of 17.2cm, leaf length of 13.4cm and leaf width of 5.6 ㎝. Dry plant weight was heaviest in biodegradable plastic treatment at 2.8 g, and lightest at 2.5 g when planted without mulch. Biodegradable plastic has the highest dry root weight of 19.3 g, followed by black vinyl (18.4 g), woven fabric (18.3 g) and without mulch (17.9 g). The yield obtained per 10 a was highest in biodegradable plastic treatment at 174 ㎏, while black vinyl and woven fabric treatments produced 169 ㎏ and 160 ㎏, respectively. Plants without mulch had the lowest yield of 157 ㎏. Conclusion : In the above results, biodegradable plastic and woven fabric are considered suitable mulching materials for the cultivation of A. triphylla var. japonica.

The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway is a key signal transduction pathway involved in cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. In dairy cows, IGF family proteins and binding receptors, including their intracellular binding partners, regulate mammary gland development. IGFs and IGF receptor interactions in mammary glands influence the early stages of mammogenesis, i.e., mammary ductal genesis until puberty. The IGF pathway includes three major components, IGFs (such as IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin), their specific receptors, and their high-affinity binding partners (IGF binding proteins [IGFBPs]; i.e., IGFBP1–6), including specific proteases for each IGFBP. Additionally, IGFs and IGFBP interactions are critical for the bioactivities of various intracellular mechanisms, including cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Notably, the interactions between IGFs and IGFBPs in the IGF pathway have been difficult to characterize during specific stages of bovine mammary gland development. In this review, we aim to describe the role of the interaction between IGFs and IGFBPs in overall mammary gland development in dairy cows.

Mean-Young Song. 2016. The Temporal Interpretation in Double Access Sentences in English. Studies in Modern Grammar 90, 69-97. This paper investigates the semantics of double‐access sentences (DAS) in which the present tense is embedded under the matrix past in propositional attitudes. There are two major approaches to their semantics; the de re (Abusch (1997) and Ogihara (1995 and 1996) and the de dicto (Gennari (1999) and Smirnova (2009)) approach. The de re analysis requires an acquaintance relation, but it is not always necessary in some cases. Gennari’s de dicto analysis poses a problem when it deals with a mistaken belief and a situation where the mismatch between the semantic and the pragmatic aspect (more precisely, the speaker’s pragmatic inference) takes place. As a more appropriate semantic analysis of DAS, this paper proposes that the presuppositional semantic approach and the Kratzer-style modal semantics incorporate into the semantics of DAS since it is the characteristic of DAS that not only does DAS involve presupposition, but attitude holder's background knowledge can also provide us with a clue as to whether or not the content of the embedded proposition holds at the utterance time. This may assist in understanding the semantics of DAS.

This paper investigates the semantics of double‐access sentences (DAS) in which the present tense is embedded under the matrix past in propositional attitudes. There are two major approaches to their semantics; the de re (Abusch (1997) and Ogihara (1995 and 1996) and the de dicto (Gennari (1999) and Smirnova (2009)) approach. The de re analysis requires an acquaintance relation, but it is not always necessary in some cases. Gennari’s de dicto analysis poses a problem when it deals with a mistaken belief and a situation where the mismatch between the semantic and the pragmatic aspect (more precisely, the speaker’s pragmatic inference) takes place. As a more appropriate semantic analysis of DAS, this paper proposes that the presuppositional semantic approach and the Kratzer-style modal semantics incorporate into the semantics of DAS since it is the characteristic of DAS that not only does DAS involve presupposition, but attitude holder's background knowledge can also provide us with a clue as to whether or not the content of the embedded proposition holds at the utterance time. This may assist in understanding the semantics of DAS.

Background : Curcuma longa L., in the family Zingiberaceae, is distributed in tropical and/or sub-tropical regions mainly in India and China. This species is commonly called turmeric, powder is used as medicinal herbs and/or flavor enhancer. It has been cultivated in southern region mainly Jindo. However, it might be possible to extend cultivation regions due to rise in average temperature. In order to select superior lines based on agronomic characteristics, we analyzed multivariate and estimated selection effects from C. longa germplasm. Methods and Results : The C. longa germplasm were cultivated in an experimental field located in Eumseong, NIHHS, RDA. The harvested roots were investigated in agronomic characteristics included in yield and then considered its relationship among the 9 germplasm by multivariate analysis method. Results from principal component analysis (PCoA) showed that it represented 70.00% and 80.44% accumulated explanation from four and five principal compounds (PC). PCoA was conducted from 9 agronomic characteristics and then correlation coefficient has been showed by analysis between each main component value and agronomic characteristics. Value of the first PC was 2.25, 24.96% explanation of total dispersion, plant height, number of rootlet and weight of rootlet were correlated with a somewhat higher level as 0.41, 0.43 and 0.52. Value of the fifth PC was 0.94, 10.43% explanation of total dispersion, the number of shoots was correlated with a higher level as 0.87. Selection effects with outstanding candidate lines including higher lines were estimated at 126.13% in yield. Conclusion : These data on multivariate based on agronomic characteristics will be give us invaluable breeding information by selection of superior lines.

Background : Cirsium japonicum seeds is the high price, less than 40% germination rate is low. There is a need for a method developed to increase seed germination rate increases consumption. Also, by measuring the harvest season each functional ingredients contents was performed to investigate the optimal timing harvest of ingredients that target. Methods and Results : Test materials were used Cirsium japonicum seeds harvested from late May until mid-June in medicinal testing ground. GA3(0, 25, 50, 100 ppm), Kinetin(0, 25, 50, 100 ppm) and KNO3(0, 25, 50, 100 ppm) of Growth regulator were treated, it examined the population grew more than 1 ㎜. Contents of functional components to harvest season analyzed by HPLC after pre-treatment harvested and drying the leaves and roots in late august until early November. Germination rate of the growth regulator treatment was higher by 52% from the full ripening brown seeds GA3 100 ppm, 56% in the Kinetin 50 ppm, KNO3 treatment in 52% germination in 25 mM. The white seed germination rate was low at less than 10% of all growth regulator treatment. Functional ingredient content of leaf according to harvest time were higher respectively Rutin is 8.61 ug/g in late october, apigenin is 59.6 ug/g in beginning november, quercetin is 8.61 ug/g in beginning september, kaemferol is 32.9 ug/g in late september. Very low content in roots, there was no significant difference. The main ingredient silymarin was highest 4.36 ㎎/g at the late september in case of leaf, and syringin was maintained at a high level from mid-september to early october. Conclusion : Seed germination is thought to be able to increase the germination through the growth regulator treatment and assort brown seed. Functional components according to the harvest time is determined to be able to improve effective component when processing harvest to select a high yield by the component for the purpose.

Background : This experiment was conducted to find the right degree of shading to reduce summer months when the death Allium hookeri cultivation in the southern highland in Korea. This experiment was conducted at an altitude of 500m, Jeonbuk Namwon unbong plateau region The soil was tested in phosphatic content was slightly higher so 671 ㎎/㎏ than regular soil. Every soil testing was conducted in sandy soil with good water. The test day highs at 50% shading plots of shading in this period about 6.1℃ lower than the non-shading. The soil temperature is lowered to 1.9℃ at 50% shading plots compared with the non-shading. As a result, Allium hookeri underground quantities produced per 1,682 ㎏ 10a in 50% shading plots. This was a 35% increase compared to the non-shading plots. Allium hookeri is native to the Alpine 4,200m from 1,400m above sea level, near the Himalaya Mountains. Myanmar is known as the National vegetables. Allium hookeri is Allium plants. It flies three flavors, including sweet, spicy, bitter taste. Allium hookeri roots are similar to ginseng roots called as 'three vegetable' This is a randomly named. The in Korea was first introduced in 2006. By 2015, the country has been found to 190㏊, Jeonbuk 35㏊ (18.3%) is growing. Therefore, this study was conducted to introduce the cultivation of plants in the southern highland in Korea. Methods and Results : In order to use this experimental Allium hookeri seedlings were planted in Jeonbuk Sunchang after buying. Allium hookeri cultivation methods put the 3∼4 one eye on the roots. Planting the root length was cut to leave a 3∼5㎝. The planting distance was 40×20㎝. The shielding 35, two months were 50 and 75% by July 1, August 31. The air temperature, soil temperature were investigated in accordance with the changes of light in this experiment. And examined the withering rate, brightness, growth conditions, such as Yield. Conclusion : Test results were as follows. Allium hookeri roots emerged on March 2 during planting 43-68 days. Allium hookeri after shading shoot growth characteristics were as follows. 35% shading and 50% shading was a tendency for the number of leaves increased compared to the non-shading. As a result, flooding was 35% as compared to production per 10a 1,682 ㎏ no light shielding at 50%. Plant analysis leaf mineral contents tended increased nitrogen, phosphate, gallium compared to the non-light cultivation. Mineral contents of the root was nitrogen, potassium is higher in comparison with 75% shading no shading.