The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 14(1). This study examines how asymmetry is produced in medical interviews as institutional interaction. In medical interaction, there are two primary asymmetries caused by status and power differences: the asymmetry of knowledge and the asymmetry of tasks between participants. For this research, dialogues between a doctor and his patients were investigated. In terms of analysis, this paper identifies five functional stages into which the procedures of a medical interview are arranged: opening, examination, diagnosis, prescription, and closing. As a result, two distinct exchanges were found: the question-answer sequence and the directive-response sequence. First, initiation of each sequence was conducted mainly by the doctor at each stage. A distinctive feature of the exchange was that the doctor's questions at the introduction stage did not have any special purpose but were just an automatic courtesy greeting. The doctor's initiations were usually followed by the patient's response without any interruption. Second, the directive-response sequence was the most distinct phenomenon at the prescription stage. Two different forms of directives were used: warning and advising. The doctor's directives had two functions. The first function was to maintain the doctor's institutional authority and the second was to gain patient compliance with the doctor's directives.

Jin, Jae-hee. 2006. A Study of the Institutional Talk Characteristics of the Medical Interview in Terms of Functional Stages. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 14(1). This study examines how asymmetry is produced in medical interviews as institutional interaction. In medical interaction, there are two primary asymmetries caused by status and power differences: the asymmetry of knowledge and the asymmetry of tasks between participants. For this research, dialogues between a doctor and his patients were investigated. In terms of analysis, this paper identifies five functional stages into which the procedures of a medical interview are arranged: opening, examination, diagnosis, prescription, and closing. As a result, two distinct exchanges were found: the question-answer sequence and the directive-response sequence. First, initiation of each sequence was conducted mainly by the doctor at each stage. A distinctive feature of the exchange was that the doctor's questions at the introduction stage did not have any special purpose but were just an automatic courtesy greeting. The doctor's initiations were usually followed by the patient's response without any interruption. Second, the directive-response sequence was the most distinct phenomenon at the prescription stage. Two different forms of directives were used: warning and advising. The doctor's directives had two functions. The first function was to maintain the doctor's institutional authority and the second was to gain patient compliance with the doctor's directives.

Since August, 1992, It has formed a good relationship regularly both Korea and China as increasing the direct investments of Korea to China. Korea that has became the seventh country which is investing in China, also China did. Korea which mainly invested in the labor intensive industrials to use Chinese labor by the low-priced. But nowadays, Korea"s investment can be seen the changing process from labor to trade by the materials. Its enterprises such as Samsung, LG, Hyundai and others already realized their abilities of labor intensive investment. They begin to balance with restructuring, and investment to China which is generally coming to Multiform. Currently, China which is for the foreign opening and positive foreign funds system. Korea also is trying the economy internationalize, trade diversification policies, the exports increasing. If two countries understand the situations each other and try to improve the problems as a parter, their relationship will be gone successfully.

Jin, Jae-Hee. 2004. Aspects of Teacher-centered Communication in Conversations between Teachers and Learners in the Korean Language Classroom. Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea, 12(2). This paper examines how and why asymmetrical relationships are constituted through verbal interactions between teachers and students in the Korean language classroom. According to van Dijk (1989), 'power' in institutions such as hospitals or classrooms is best conceptualized as ‘group power asymmetrical relations’ between groups. As is the case for institutional members, members of dominant groups may derive their individually exercised power from the overall power of the group to which they belong. Speakers often possess an institutional role and their conversations are backed by the power or authority of the institution. From this perspective, this paper examines how power is being exerted and assigned in conversations between teachers and students in the Korean classroom. First, this research examined if the turns at talk for the participants (teacher and students) were equally distributed. The results showed that the teacher took about 50% of the total turns at talk, which is about eight times as many turns taken by each student. This indicates that the flow of classroom conversation starts from the teacher, or in other words, is teacher-centered communication. Second, this research considered inequality that occurs during problem solving meaning negotiation. Research results also showed that in 165 negotiated exchanges, over 85% were initiated by the teacher, which underscores the extremely asymmetrical instigation of conversation in Korean language classrooms. Student deficiencies in fluency and initiation, teacher questioning methodology and dialogue guidance, the teacher's almost exclusive right to choose the topic, the excessive adaptation of students to the classroom environment as well as the nationality of students were all factors contributing to this phenomenon.

This is a paper that shows how poetic dialogue plays upon poems between three different authors, William Butler Yeats, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth. Many of Yeats' poems broach a gentle issue of how they respond to their poetic precursors. "Among School Children" can be read as an updated version of a Romantic "conversation" poem. Coleridge applied the term "conversational poem" to "The Nightingale," one of twenty-tree poems in Lyrical Ballads of 1798. Earlier than this, a phrase Sermoni propriora ("suitable for conversation") appears in his "Reflections, On Having Left a Place of Retirement." These two poems demonstrate Coleridge's conscious efforts at experimenting with conversational speech as a legitimate poetic language. Coleridge's conversational mode is in full bloom in such remarkable poems as "The Lime-Tree Bower My Prison" and "Frost at Midnight," the latter a masterful lyric that paves ways for Wordsworth's "Tintern Abbey" in its compositional mode and structure. The traffic between the two Romantic authors and "Among School Children" is obvious--a noticeable parallelism is developed in terms of diction, figures, thematic structure, and rhetorical devices. Yeats's "Among School Children" serves as a poetic testimony to the on-going lyrical dialogue that explores possible links between the workings of different poetic minds and that creates remarkable echoing effects.

As quality becomes a primary leading factor of organizational success, various management strategies have been In-troduced to Improve quality competitiveness Quality competitiveness, however, is difficult to measure and numerous organ-izations are struggl

This study is an attempt to create a possibility to have a dialogue between Christianity and the juche idea. Due to the strong anti- cornmUIÚsm in the South Korean Church, it has been very difficult to initiate dialogue between them. The juche idea is the ruling ideology of North Korea，and plays the role of a substitute religion. It dominates everything, induding politics, economy, milit따y， culture, social life and individual life. In order to understand North Korea its sociery and its people，it is necessary to know what the juche idea is. It may help to prepare for reunification of Korea and the post reunification period. For an effective mission in North Korea, it is worthy to analyze the juche idea ideologically and theologically. Christianity and the juche idea have different worldviews and methodologies: while Christianiry has a theocentric view, the juche idea has an anthropocentric idea. Christianity， particularly Reformed theology, has a GocI-centered view of histoty, whereas the juche idea has a human-centered understanding of it. Reformed theology believes in God's revelation and providence, but the juche idea pursues revolutionaty praaice for liberation. Although there are differences and disagreements berween Christianity and the jttche idea, we can discover similarities berween the juche idea and minjung theology. The juche idea differs from Reformed theology, but is closer to minjung theology. Both the juche idea and minjung theology affirm that human beings are the subjecrs of histoty, and emphasize the struggle for liberation from oppression and explotiation.

Corrections is a very important stage in that it prevents the accused from committing further crimes. I think that corrections should consider the prisoners not as objects of reforming but as subjects of self-awakening. So it must enforce the prisoners not to offend crimes but make them examinate themselves. Restrictions of freedom and of prisoners' rights should be minimized. And in the living arrangement, it is desirable to live together in daytime and alone at night. More Religious services are recommended. We should consider effective measures for prisoners to have positive self-esteem.

Yeats established a contact with the spoken word and learned to use it so that he could express the reality and acquire masculinity under the influence of his participation in Abbey Theatre. And he, dramatizing himself, would express the life of the individual person with long and objective points of view, of which he was to follow simple methods of dialogue and debate. In his some later poems, Yeats adopts these methods and suggests his subjects through some persona of ‘Self,’ ‘Soul,’ ‘Robartes,’ ‘dancer,’ ‘He’ and ‘She.’ His concerns in this form are not to direct confess of his mind or feeling but to give different voices and opinions on his poetic subject. Not as his early poetic voices which represent poet's own subjectivity, these persona have voices of various opinions and show some conflicts each other in the text so that the reader should refer to all their positions and would be led to his or her own conclusion on the debate. The other significance of the debate form in Yeats's poetry is the participation of women persona and her role as a speaker of Yeats's attitudes on his writing. Different from the other male modernists, Yeats adopts the voice of a woman, submits himself to the female perspective and distances himself from the poetic situations and the subjects intended to suggest in his works. In other words, Yeats seeks poetic impersonality by speaking in female persona. Yeats’s use of the dialogue and debate between the persona of different experiences and different gender reinforces his attempt to displace his early romantic faerly landers and respond to his urgent subjects-the real world matters. With this method he portrays himself as a being caught between his social identity and his permanent personality, which grants him an achievement of the deeper wisdom into the human life and personality.

본고는 예이츠의 미학을 바흐찐의 대화성 이론과 연결하여 그의 작품에 구현된 다중성의 참된 의미를 구현하는 것을 목적으로 삼는다. 예이츠의 미학이 낭만주의 미학과 연속성을 형성하지만, 최종단계에선 갈라서는 점을 바흐찐의 대화성과 단일언어성의 이론으로 분석한다. 주지하다시피 예이츠작품의 핵심은 정과 반의 양자를 인위적 통합하지 않고 같은 공간에 매듭지음으로 내재된 폭발력을 극대화하는 것이다. 이런 특징은 바흐찐이 제시한 단일 언어로서의 시가 갖는 한계를 넘어 서는 것이다. 즉 바흐찐은 서사나 비극 혹은 시 등이 속한 상류장르가 시간과 공간을 초월한 보편적 진리를 구현하기 때문에 역사성과 역동성 혹은 미결의 과정을 담기엔 이미 낡아버린 단일성의 세계를 구축하며, 오직 소설장르만이 상류장르가 재현할 수 없는 것을 나타낼 수 있다고 주장하였는데, 이는 그 자신이 말한 언어자체의 대화적 특성을 편협하게 적용한 오류에서 기인한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 그의 대화성 이론은 예술과 사회의 긴장관계를 구체적으로 분석하는 틀을 제공하며, 예이츠가 수많은 작품을 통해 다성적 삶과 경험에의 충실을 추구한 것과 상통한다. 우리의 삶이 온갖 모순으로 점철되듯이 이에 충실하려면 완결된 청사진에 따라 모든 경험을 왜곡하여 주조하거나 존재하지 않는 완성된 해결책을 제시할 수 없는 것이다. 특히 예이츠가 살았던 아일랜드의 당시 상황은 분리 독립과 이에 따른 내란 등 극도의 혼란과 무질서의 난무로 특징져진다. 그의 작품이 긴장과 갈등으로 넘쳐 남은 거대한 역사의 소용돌이의 중심에 위치한 그가 시대와 대화하며 고뇌한 흔적에 다름 아니며, 자아와 타자 상호의 대화성을 극도로 끌어 올려 양자의 정체성이 유지, 해체, 변화되는 과정을 담으려는 시도이기 때문이다. 결국 예이츠는 각 개인이 갖는 특이성을 자유와 연결시키고 이 자유의 바탕에서 사회의 헤게모니적 담론이 구성하는 몰개성적 주체성과 분리만을 가져오는 인공적 통합에 도전하며, 서로 서로의 다양성이 억압되지 않고, 또한 다양성의 극단인 혼란의 함정에 빠져들지 않는 세계의 비전을 제시한다.