국내외로부터 수집한 고추 유전자원을 포장에 재배하여 종자를 증식하는 동시에 주요 특성을 조사하였다. 헝가리에서 도입하여 1992년도에 평가한 계통들은 Hungarian Wax 혹은 Bell형으로서 바이러스에 심하게 걸려 우리 포장환경에 잘 적응하지 못하였다. 1994년도에 평가한 계통들 중 브라질에서 풋마름병 저항성으로 도입한 KC350과 KC351은 직립성이며 바이러스에 강한 편이어서 매우 유망한 유전자원으로 사료되었다. 중국에서 도입한 KC376는 바이러스에 강한 편이며 대과를 착생하여 유망하게 보였다. 태국에서 도입된 계통들은 안동대에서 특성을 평가기록하였다.

The hydroacoustic surveys to provide the essential information for the assessment, management and utilization of fishery resources in the southern waters of Korea were carried out during five research cruises between October 1996 and October 1997 by the training ship KAYA of Pukyong National University. These hydroacoustic investigations were designed to obtain more precise estimates of the geographic distribution, absolute abundance and biological characteristics of the fishery resources, and the vertically integrated densities of fish in terms of volume backscattering strength(SV) by survey region and depth bins, such as the entire water column and the 0~ 10 m from bottom fraction, were measured separately. Hydroacoustic data were collected by using a Simrad EK 500 Scientific echo sounder operating at two frequencies of 38kHz and 120kHz and the data stored in field were later processed on a HP PC using a Simrad EP 500 echo integration and target strength analysis system. The biological compositions of echo signal were identified and sampled using a demersal trawl during daylight hours. The mean target strength to scale the echo integration data for hydroacoustic surveys was derived from the relationship between the SV and the weight of trawl catch per unit volume of the water column sampled by demersal trawls. The results obtained can be summarized as follow : 1. The mean volume backscattering strength for the entire water column in the southern waters of Korea between 1996 and 1997 were -67.2 dB and -70.9 dB at two frequencies of 38 kHz and 120 kHz , respectively, and for the bottom layer of the 0-10 m from bottom friction were -68.8 dB, -70.2 dB, respectively. That is, the volume backscattering strength for the entire water column at low frequency was higher than that at high frequency. 2. The relationship between the mean backscattering strength (〈SV〉, dB) for the depth strata of trawl hauls and the weight (C, kg/m3) per cubic meter of the catch sampled by bottom trawling in the southern waters of Korea in January and July 1997 were expressed by the following equations: 38 kHz : 〈SV〉= -28.2 + 10 log(C), 120 kHz : 〈SV〉= -32.4 + 10 log(C). The mean weight -normalized target strengths derived from these equitions were -28.2 dB/ kg, -32.4 dB/ kg at 38 kHz and 120 kHz , respectively. That is, the mean weight -normalized target strength at 38 kHz was 4.2 dB higher than that at 120 kHz. 3. The distribution density of fish in terms of biomass per unit volume in the southern waters of Korea were estimated to be 125.9 × 10-6 kg/m3 and 141.3 × 10-6 kg/m3 at 38 kHz and 120 kHz , respectively.

우리나라 남해안에 대한 어업생물자원의 평가와 관리 및 유효이용방안 등을 모색하기 위한 기초연구로서, 남해안의 전해역에 설정한 생물학적 샘플링 정점을 대상으로 저층트롤에 의한 시험조업을 실시하고, 이들 정점에서 샘플링된 어획물의 생물학적 조성, 計量魚探調査와 관련한 漁獲選擇性의 영향 底棲漁業資源의 분포실태 등을 분석, 고찰한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 1996년 10월과 1997년 1월, 3월, 7월~8월, 9월 ~ 10월에 우리나라 남해안에 설정한 64개의 조사정점을 대상으로 저층트롤에 의한 시험조업을 실시한 결과, 魚類 114종, 軟體類 8종, 甲殼類 7종(총 129종)에 총 9,9910.6 kg이 어획되었는 데, 이 중에서 어류의 점유비율은 전갱이 19.8%, 고등어 15.0%, 달강어 6.2%, 전어 6.1%, 병어 5.1%, 아귀 5.1%, 눈볼대 3.6%, 밴댕이 3.5%, 꼼치 3.4%, 꼬치고기 1.4% 등이었고, 甲殼類로서는 깨다시꽃게 0.34%, 보리새우 0.18% 등이었고, 頭足類로서는 창꼴두기 9.0%, 살오징어 5.8%, 참갑오징어 0.28% 등이 어획되었다.2. 1996년 ~ 1997년 사이에 우리나라 남해안에 설정한 트롤조사정점을 대상으로 실시한 저층트롤조업에 의해 어획된 어획량을 트롤예망층의 공간체적으로 나누어 산출한 단위체적당에 대한 어업생물자원의 분포밀도는 해역, 계절, 어획 어종의 조성, 조업시간 등에 따라 큰 차이를 나타내었으나, 그 값은 17.9 x 10-6 ~ 1,440.9 x 10-8kg/m3의 범위였고, 그 평균적인 분포밀도는 153.8 x 10-6kg/m3이었다. 3.우리나라 남해안에 설정한 64개의 조사정점에서 어구의 파망사고 및 조업장애가 없었던 50개의 트롤정점을 대상으로 끝자루와 커버 네트에 의한 어획비율을 조사한 결과, 커버 네트에 의한 어획비율은 0.7 ~ 91.9%의 범위로서, 그 평균적인 어획비율은 44.4%였다. 이처럼 우리나라 남해안에서는 어족자원의 감소 등에 기인하여 소형어의 어획비율이 매우 높은 실정이기 때문에 향후, TAC제도가 도입되는 경우, 조업어선에서는 상품 가치가 적은 이들 소형어를 바다에 그대로 폐기할 우려가 있으므로 소형어의 어획방지와 서식환경의 보호를 위한 대책의 수립이 절실히 요구된다.

이용율이 낮고 다획성인 자원의 효과적인 이용을 위하여 전어체를 가수분해시키는 공정을 검토하였다. 시료인 풀치, 전어, 강달이, 키조개 및 굴의 체내효소에 의한 자가소화의 최적온도는 각각 35℃, 45℃, 30℃, 30℃ 및 30℃, Alcalase를 첨가하였을 때의 최적온도는 각각 60℃, 50℃, 50℃, 50℃ 및 50℃, Protease N. P.를 첨가하였을 때는 각각 55℃, 60℃, 50℃, 50℃, 및 50℃부근이었다. 특히 외부효소를 첨가하였을 경우 시료에 함유된 체내 효소가 동시에 작용하여도 가수분해율은 첨가효소의 최대 활성 온도 부근영역에서 가장 높아, 체내 효소에 의한 가수분해효과보다 외부에서 첨가한 효소에 의하여 가수분해가 좌우되었다. 그리고 Alcalase와 Protease N.P.를 이용한 가수분해에서 5종의 시료 모두가 pH 9 부근에서 가장 높은 가수분해를 보였다. 가수분해가 최대로 일어나는 때를 적정 분해시간으로 간주할 때 모든 시료에서 6시간으로 결정되었다. 외부에서 첨가하는 상업적 효소의 경제적인 적정 첨가농도를 구하기 위하여 단위시간 동안 단위효소량이 분해하는 아미노질소량에 대한 효소 활성의 개념으로 동력학적 고찰을 하여 최적 첨가량을 결정하였는데 풀치, 전어, 강달이, 키조개 및 굴의 경우 Alcalase와 Protease N.P.의 적정 첨가농도는 각각 3.0%, 4.5%, 3.5%, 3.0% 및 3.0%이었다.

The study on the Assembling Mechanism of the Hairtail, Trichiurus lenpturus, at the Fishing Grounds of the Cheju Strait had been investigated by analyzing the relationship of the oceanographic conditions and the fishing ground of the Hairtail in the Cheju Strait. 1. The fishing grounds of the hairtail at the Cheju Strait are formed at the bottom of a high temperature of the tidal front at the coast. area of northern Cheju Island, the tip of the linguiform is high in salinity at the eastern and western entrances of Cheju Island, low salinity eddy on the surface and its surrounding front, various water masses in the Strait and coastal waters of the South Sea in Korea. 2. The fishing grounds of the Hairtail at the Cheju Strait begins with the sea surface temperature higher than 15℃ and the incoming of low salinity water now from the East China Sea. 3. Estimation of optimum temperature and salinity per season based upon analysis for relationship between temperature of water and salinity of the bottom layer and the catch is : 15.2~16.4℃, 34.20~34.40‰ in spring(June); 14.4~ 17.0℃, 33.70~34.30‰ in summer(July~September); and 15.7~ 18.6℃, 33.70~34.50‰ in autumn(October~December). Hairtail are mostly caught at the Yellow Sea Warm Current and Tsushima Current with temperature over 14.5℃ and salinity over 33.70‰ at the bottom layers of the Cheju Strait. 4. Considering the relationship between the amount of hairtail catch and the water temperature of bottom layer, when the bottom water being above 14.0℃ flowed into Cheju Strait through the western entrance of the strait in summer, the ca-h appears to have been abundant. In contrast, the catch has been poor when the temperature of such water was recorded to be below 13℃ Therefore, distribution patterns of water at the bottom layer can be used as a forecast index whether the catch of a certain year will be good or poor.

The distribution and abundance of fish in the Cheju southeastern area was studied by the combined hydroacoustic and bottom trawl surveys in April 1994 and in July 1995, respectively. The main purpose of these investigations was to provide the basic data for this management and the biomass estimation of commercially important demersal fish stocks in this area. The hydroacoustic surveys were performed by using a 50 kHz scientific echo sounder system with a microcomputer-based echo integrator. Acoustical measurements of fish abundance and distribution were conducted along the cruise tracks of research vessel and during all trawl hauls by continuous echo sounding. The average weight-normalized target strength for demersal fish aggregations was derived from the relationship between the mean volume backscattering strength for the depth strata of trawl hauls and the weight per cubic meter of trawl catches. The geographical distribution of fish stocks in the 1994 survey area was investigated in relation to oceanographic conditions. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. From the 1994 and 1995 survey data, the relationship between the mean volume backscattering strength (〈SV〉, dB) for the depth strata of trawl hauls and the weight (W, kg/m3) per cubic meter of trawl catches was expressed by the following equation 〈SV〉 = - 32.8+ lOlog(W) The average weighted-target strength value at 50 kHz derived from this equation was .. 32.8 dB/kg. 2. In 1994 and 1995, both surveys showed a trend of decreasing fish abundance toward the southern area of the Cheju Island with high densities offish along the west coast ofth.e Tsushima Island. The highest demersal concentrations in the southern area of the CheJu Island appeared in bottom waters colder than 12℃.. . 3. From the results of combined bottom trawl and hydroacoustic surveys, the estunated fish densities in the southeastern area of the Cheju Island were 1.5488 x 10-4kg/m3 in the 1994 surveyand 1.9498 x 10-4kg/m3 in the 1995 survey, respectively.

The combined hydroacoustic and bottom trawl surveys were conducted in the Cheju southeastern area by the training ship "KAYA" belong to Pukyong National University in July 1995 and the traning ship "NAGASAKI MARl]" belong to Nagasaki University in April 1994, respectively. The main purpose of the investigations was to provide the basic data for the management and the biomass estimation of commercially important demersal fish stocks in this area. Fish samples were collected by bottom trawling from 10 trawl stations randomly selected in the survey area, and the species and length compositions of trawl catches were examined. The fish school target strength for demersal fish aggregations was related to the catchability of trawl net with a 90 mm mesh codend. The most abundant species in the 1995 trawl stations were Japanese flying squid, sword tip squid and red horsehead and that of the 1994 trawl stations Japanese flying squid and blackmouth goosefish. The average weight per cubic meter of trawl catches collected by bottom trawling in the Cheju southeastern area were 1.0791×lO-4kg/m3 in the 1994 survey area and 1.3636×lO-4kg/m3 in the 1995 survey area, respectively. The catch data by cover net suggest that the efficiency of trawl net could affect the weight normalized target strength values for demersal fish aggregations. That is, the average target strength per unit of weight dropped from - 33.1 dB/kg using the total catch by codend and cover net to - 30.5 dB/kg using only the catch data by codend, and a change of2.6 dB/kg was observed.ange of2.6 dB/kg was observed.