PURPOSES : Nowadays, cavity phenomena occur increasingly in pavement layers of downtown areas. This leads to an increment in the number of potholes, sinkholes, and other failure on the road. A loss of earth and sand from the pavement plays a key role in the occurrence of cavities, and, hence, a structural-performance evaluation of the pavement is essential. METHODS: The structural performance was evaluated via finite-element analysis using KPRP and KICTPAVE. KPRP was developed in order to formulate a Korean pavement design guide, which is based on a mechanical-empirical pavement design guide (M-EPDG). RESULTS: Installation of the anti-freezing layer yielded a fatigue crack, permanent deformation, and international roughness index (IRI) of 13%, 0.7 cm, and 3.0 m/km, respectively, as determined from the performance analysis conducted via KPRP. These values satisfy the design standards (fatigue crack: 20%, permanent deformation: 1.3 cm, IRI: 3.5 m/km). The results of FEM, using KICTPAVE, are shown in Figures 8~12 and Tables 3~5. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the performance analysis (conducted via KPRP) satisfy the design standards, even if the thickness of the anti-freezing layer is not considered. The corresponding values (i.e., 13%, 0.7 cm, and 3.0 m/km) are obtained for all conditions under which this layer is applied. Furthermore, the stress and strain on the interlayer between the sub-grade and the anti-freezing layer decrease gradually with increasing thickness of the anti-freezing layer. In contrast, the strain on the interlayer between the sub-base and the anti-freezing layer increases gradually with this increase in thickness.

The work presented in this report was a detailed comparative study of the electrochemical response exhibited by graphite anodes in Li-ion batteries having different physical features. A comprehensive morphological and physical characterization was carried out for these graphite samples via X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Later, the electrochemical performance was analyzed using galvanostatic charge/discharge testing and the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique for these graphite samples as negative electrode materials in battery operation. The results demonstrated that a material having a higher crystalline order exhibits enhanced electrochemical properties when evaluated in terms of rate-capability performance. All these materials were investigated at high C-rates ranging from 0.1C up to 10C. Such improved response was attributed to the crystalline morphology providing short layers, which facilitate rapid Li+ ions diffusivity and electron transport during the course of battery operation. The values obtained for the electrical conductivity of these graphite anodes support this possible explanation.

In this paper, the full-size structural performance test for a lightweight soundproof tunnel composed of partitioned pipe truss members is carried out to investigate the structural performance. In addition, a nonlinear structural analysis of the same finite element model as the full-size testing model is performed to compare the test result. The test and analysis results showed that the lightweight soundproof tunnel ensures the structural safety against wind loads, snow loads and load combinations. As a result, the full-size test and analysis results m

In this paper, as the transport cask was moved in the reactor, the structural integrity on the cask had to be evaluated in the normal transport condition. The drop height of the cask was determined by the weight of the cask in the normal transport condition by regulations about assessment test. It was determined that the drop height of the cask was 1.2 m by regulations. The velocity of the drop impact was calculated to perform the drop impact analysis by the principle of the conservation of energy. Using results of the simulation about the drop impact analysis, the structural integrity assessment on the transport cask was performed by ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

본 논문에서는 Goal-Driven Optimization(GDO)을 바탕으로 한 양방향 차도선의 차량갑판의 구조설계에 대하여 최적화를 수행하였다. 차량갑판의 강도와 변형에 대한 영향을 검토하여 경제적 비용을 절약할 수 있는 최적점을 결정하였다. 실험계획법(DOE)과 반응표면법을 바탕으로 한 갑판두께를 110% 증가시켜 차량갑판의 강도와 강성을 높일 수 있었다. 이 결과에 대한 회귀분석을 수행하여 3차 다항식 모형인 최적 회귀모형식으로 제안하며 결정계수 R² 0.98정도로 나타내어 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있었다.

간척지 내 토양은 염분농도 및 함수비가 일반지역에 비해 상당히 높기 때문에 간척지에 매입된 온실의 부재는 높은 부식 환경에 노출된다. 염해의 환경에서는 파이프 골조로 이루어진 온실의 기초 및 기초와 이어진 파이프에 부식을 촉진시키기 때문에 이에 대한 보수/보강 기술개발 및 효율적인 유지 관리가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 염해의 위험성이 높은 간척지에 적합한 온실의 유지관리, 보수/보강에 대한 기준을 마련하기 위한 기초자료로서 토양염분환경에서 온실부재의 부식속도를 측정하였다. 각 온실파이프는 염분농도가 0%, 0.1%, 0.3% 및 0.5%인 토양 및 수중환경에 관찰기간동안(480일) 노출시켜 부식속도를 측정하였으며, 그 결과 육안으로도 염분 농도에 따른 부식정도의 차이가 뚜렷하게 관찰되었으며, 시험편의 표면이 검은색의 부식현상과 함께 비교적 고르게 부식되는 균일부식의 형태를 나타내었다. 논토양의 경우 염분농도 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5%에서 각각 0.008, 0.027, 0.036, 0.043mm·yr-1로 염분농도가 증가할수록 부식속도가 뚜렷하게 증가하는 경향을 나타내었고 밭토양의 경우, 염 분농도 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5%에서 각각 0.0002, 0.039, 0.040, 0.039mm·yr-1의 부식속도를 나타내었다. 상대적으로 세립질이 많은 논토양에서 부식속도가 더 높은 것으 로 나타났으며, 이는 입경이 작고 고르게 분포하는 토양 에서 부식속도가 높은 일반적인 특성이 그대로 반영된 것으로 판단되었다. 간척지의 경우 토양의 입자의 세립 정도는 일반 내륙지역의 농경지 토양보다 높을 것으로 예상되기 때문에 파이프 부식에 대한 철저한 대비가 있 어야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

The purpose of this study is to research into which characteristic is shown according to a change in filler metal in case of CO2 gas arc welding by using Automobile Structural Steel(ATOS80). The major characteristics of this study were experimented by having Bevel angle as 50°, Root gap as 3mm, Filler metal as Solid wire & Flux wire, and the projected length of wire as 15mm. This study made the welded test specimens for the KS specification in advance suitably for the conditions, thereby having comparatively analyzed with the data value that was obtained through tensile test, hardness test, impact test and Macro Structure Detecting. Arranging the results that analyzed finally, the tensile strength and the hardness appeared to be excellent in case of welding with flux wire. The impact strength was indicated to be superior in case of welding with solid wire.

The new rotary friction damper was developed using several two-nodal rotary frictional components with different clamping forces. Because of these components, the rotary friction damper can be activated by building movements due to lateral forces such as a wind and earthquake. In this paper, various dependency tests such as displacement amplitude, forcing frequency and long term cyclic loading were carried out to evaluate on the structural performance and the multi-slip mechanism of the new damper. Test results show that the multi-slip mechanism is verified and friction coefficients are dependent on displacement amplitute and forcing frequency except long term cyclic loading.

To overcome the weakness of spread foundation in large space structure, the research of precast pile for replace spread foundation have been conducted. The new type of joint between PHC pile and steel column is named HAT Joint(Hollow hAlf-sphere cast-sTeel Joint). It connected PHC Pile by bolt that verification of bolt connection should be accomplished. In this paper, pull-out test and flexural performance for HAT Joint to verifying the bolt connection is explained. As a result, the pull-out and flexural capacities of bolt were checked to use in real structure. Furthermore, the equation of pull-out strength was proposed.

Various hybrid dampers have been developed in Korea to control the vibration due to a wind and earthquake. In order to minimize the installment space, cost and construction process, the new hybrid friction damper is developed. This hybrid damper is composed of several rotary friction components having two frictional joint. Because of these components, the building vibration due to wind and earthquake can be mitigated by hybrid friction damper. In this paper, various dependency tests were carried out to evaluate on the structural performance of two joint rotational friction component of the hybrid damper. Test results show that two joint rotational components do not depend on a displacement and a frequency of forcing but friction coefficients is reducing as a clamping force is increasing.

The finite element analysis of large sized rectangular water tank structures made of stainless steel materials is carried out for various combined load cases. The combined load cases for a large size of 5,000ton are further determined using the specification(KS B　6283) established from the Korean Standards Association. For the better numerical efficiency, the rectangular panels are modelled using the ANSYS program. The numerical results obtained for different load cases show as follows. In order to resist the snow load, it takes the influence of the gap than the size of the column. Also, in order to resist the water pressure, it shall increase the thickness of the wall. But, increasing the thickness of the wall is considerably less economical. Therefore, the angle with big thickness should be placed right next to the wall.

The industrialization and urbanization forced to increase the density of pipelines such as water supply, sewers, and gas pipelines. The materials used for the existing pipe lines are mostly composed of concretes and steels, but it is true that the development for more durable and efficient materials has been continued performed to produce long lasting pipe lines. Recently, underground pipes serve in diverse applications such as sewer lines, drain lines, water mains, gas lines, telephone and electrical conduits, culverts, oil lines, etc. In this paper, we present the result of investigation pertaining to the structural behavior of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) flexible pipes buried underground. In the investigation of structural behavior such as a ring deflection, pipe stiffness, 4-point bending test, experimental and analytical studies are conducted. In addition, pipe stiffness is determined by the parallel plate loading tests and the finite element analysis. The difference between test and analysis is about 8% although there are significant variations in the mechanical properties of the pipe material. In addition, it was found by the 4-point bending test there is no problem in the connection between the pipes by coupler.

In this paper, we present the result of analytical investigation pertaining to the structural behavior of steel-concrete composite plate girder with arch-type web stiffener. In the arch-type web stiffener located in the compression side of web, infill concrete is cast to strengthen the arch-type stiffener and also to exert resisting force against compression force. This type of composite steel-concrete plate girder bridge is built and is in service. To understand the behavior thoroughly, analytical parametric study was conducted by using the finite element method. As a result it was found that the effect of arch-type stiffener with infill concrete is considerable for the design of such type composite girder bridge.

Numerical analysis was performed to analysis the structural characteristics of the head device in the road mower system. The head device connects mower system with the boom of the special vehicle. The system with various road surface conditions is subjected to continuous vibration and repeated load. Especially, the maximum equivalent stress occurs in the pillar of the head device, and the maximum equivalent strain also occurs in the fixed plate that supports the mower system. Fatigue analysis results show that the upper end of the pillar is very vulnerable. This analysis results can be used as basic data for optimal road mower head system design.

This study on Structural analysis of kickboard used two types suspension systems. Kickboard is very dangerous in rider because of unstable in diving conditions. Thus suspension system of kickboard are very important component parts. This study focus on two suspensions for stability in kickboard which coil spring and aluminium leaf spring.