A stability to the spreading solvent, which is acetonitrile, benzene, chloroform and acetonitrile-benzene(1:1, v/v) of (3-Alkyl benzimidazdium)-TCNQ(1:2) complex was investigated by UV-visible spectrometer and was confirmed stabilized on acetonitrile, acetonitrile-benzene (1:1, v/v) for five hours. Using Ultra pure water as subphase for Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) films, it was achived successively to fabricate the Y-type LB films of (3-Alkyl benzimidazolium)-TCNQ(1:2) complex. For the identification of (3-Alkyl benzimidazolium)-TCNQ(1:2) complex, UV-visible spectra was recorded on HP 8452A spectrometer.

A Stability to spreading solvent, which is acetonitrile, dichloromethane, benzene, chloroform, and acetonitrile-benzene (1:1, v/v) of (N-docosyl quinolinium)-TCNQ(1:2) complex was investigated by UV-visible spectrometer and was confirmed stabilized on acetonitrile, dichloromethane, and acetonitrile-benzene(1:1, v/v) for 7 hours. Using buffer solution(ph≑6.0) as subphase for Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) film, it was achieved successively to fabricate the Y type LB films of (N-docosyl quinolinium)-TCNQ(1:2) complex. For the identification of deposition of (N-docosyl quinolinium)-TCNQ(1:2) complex, UV-visible spectra was recorded on HP 8452A spectrometer.

Ultra thin organic films, (3-docosyl benzimidazolium)-TCNQ(1:1)complex, were deposited onto ordinary microscope slide glass substrates with a Langmuir-Blodgett technique. II-A isotherms were studied to find optimum conditions of deposition by varying temperature. Anisotropic de electrical conductivities were measured at room temperature. They are about 5.21×10-12S/cm along the direction of film surface, and (2.73~4.40)×10-16S/cm in the vertical direction.

From the results of model tests, statistical regression analysis for EHP estimation based on hull form parameters is adopted in this study. From this result, the method for estimation of EHP and optimization of hull form parameters at the initial design stage of fishing boats is developed. This method is applied to two standard fishing boats with chine lines. The EHP s are estimated and compared to experimental results. From the optimization of four principal hull form parameters of these fishing boats, approximately 19% of resistance reduction at the design speed is achieved and thus certifies that this method can be used efficiently for the initial design of hull forms of fishing boats.

슈퍼요소를 이용한 구조해석은 항공기나 선박 둥 대형구조물의 해석에서 장점올 가지며 하드웨어의 제한된 조건속에서 효과적인 결과를 준다. 본 논문에서는 고정된 타이벡 (tie back) 상태에서 세계 최대의 5α삐톤， 회전 상태에서 3α%톤올 들어 올릴 수 있는 크레인선의 구조 안전성 검토를 위하여 슈퍼요소로 분할된 부분 구조물 해석을 다루었으며， 효과적인 부분구조화 (substructuring) 과정과 독특한 하중추출방법 및 유한요소 모델링 기법을 제시하고 있다. 또한 해 석결과에 근거한 실질적인 구조물의 총괄적 국부보강방법올 보여주고 있다. 대형 크레인선의 구조해석적용 연구를 통하여 부분구조기법의 효율성을 확립하였으며 이러한 해석기법을 통하여 새로운 형태의 유사한 구조물에 대한 해석지침을 제시하고 었다.

Laser ablation기술에 의해 Pt와 YBacu3O7-x(YBCO)전극위에 epitaxially성장된 BST박막의 조성과 전기적 특성이 연구되었다. RBS분석으로부터 Pt전극 위에 증착된 BST박막의 결정성이 YBCO전극 위에 증착된 것보다도 더 우수하였다. 600˚C에서 Pt 전극위에 증착된 BST박막은 100kHz의 주파수에서 유전상수가 320, 유전손실이 0.023이었다. Pt전극위에 증착된 BST박막의 누설전류 밀도가 TBCO전극위에 증착된 것 보다도 더 작았다. 0.15MV/cm의 전기장 하에서 누설전류밀도는 약 0.8 μ A/ cm2이었다.

본 연구에서는 보울트-너트 체결기구의 체결장력 설계(Pre-Load Design)시 중요한 인자의 하나인 체결체의 강성(Stiffness)을 유한요소법을 이용하여 해석하였다. 비선형 간극요소(Non-linear Gap Element)와 최적화 기법(Optimization Technique)을 도입하여 유한요소해석 과정에서 요구되는 경계조건(Boundary Condition)의 설정과정을 일반화하였으며, 체결체간의 기밀성 상실 현상을 입증하였다. 변형량과 응력분포로부터 체결체의 강성을 해석하고, 기존의 경험식의 적용범위를 검토하였다.

Li2O-Al2O3-SiO3계 결정화유리의 저온합성을 위하여 출방원료로서 각 해당 금속 알콕시드를 사용하였다. 알코올을 용매로 충분히 첨가하고, drying control chemical additive로 dimethy1 formamide를 적당량 첨가한 혼합용용액을 과잉의 물로 충분히 가수분해시킨 습윤겔을 저온으로 건고하여 균열이 없는 건조된 monolith겔을 합성하였다. 건조겔로부터 750-950˚C로 10시간 이상 소결하여 저열팽창성을 나타내는 β-eucrypytite(β-quartz 고용체), Li2O· Al2O3· 3SiO2및 β-spodumene등의결정상을 석출시켰다.

The proposed method in this paper. termed the substructural reanalysis technique, utilizes the computational merits of the component mode synthesis technique and of reanalysis technique for the design sensitivities of the dynamic characteristics of substructurally combined structure. It is shown that the dynamic characteristics of the entire structure can be obtained by synthesizing the substructural eigensolution and the characteristics of the eigensolution for the design variables of the modifiable substructure. In this paper , the characteristics of the eigenvalue problems obtained by this proposed method are compared to exact eigensolution in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency. and the advantage of this proposed method as compared to the direct application of the whole structure and experimental results is demonstrated through examples of numerical calculation for the dynamic characteristics (natural frequencies and mode shapes) of a flexible vibration of thin cylinderical shell with branch shell under 2-end fixed positions, boundary condition. Thin cylinderical shell of overall length 1280mm, external diameter 360mm, thickness 3mm with branch shell is made of mild steel. The load condition for dynamic response in this paper is impulsive load of which magnitude is 10kgf, which have short duration of 0.1 sec. and time interval applied to calculate. δT is 1.0×10 super(-4) seconds.

This study aims to discuss the new piano techniques employed by an American composer Henry Cowell, John Cage, and George Crumb in their piano works along with the analysis of their selected piano compositions. From the first half of the twentieth centuries, contemporary composers have been discovering that the piano is capable of producing a constanthy expanding array of new sonorities. Some of these are produced by the manipulation of the strings by plucking, strumming and muting. Also, the use of tone clusters, and the introduction of foreign objects on the strings of piano, and the use of contact microphones placed on the sounding board. These techniques add a new dimension to the total sonority of the piano. The enlarged spectrum of colors has brought not only novelty to piano music, but also a fundamental change in the concept of piano sound. The origins of some of these non-traditional techniques can be traced historically. American composers have had a significant role in these new developments. Many composers such as Charles Ives, Henry Cowell, and John Cage, George Crumb found that the piano is capable of producing a diversified new sound and unusual timbres. All of these composers, if in varying degrees, manifest a marked experimental strain. They share an interest in exploring new musical terrain and an urge to break free from what they perceivede as the outworn artistic heritage of western cultures, to rejuvenate an old and exhausted tradition with something fresh and youthful.

h-version 유한요소에서 평활 곡선경계는 충분한 갯수의 직선정계에 의해 근사될 수 있다. 그러나， 일반적 으로 곡선정계가 충분하지 않은 갯수의 직선변을 갖는 다각형요소， 또는 곡선요소동에 의한 사상이 정확하지 않올 경우 해가 수렴되지 않을 뿐만아니라 특히， 곡 면에 수직방향의 웅력은 다른 방향의 응력요소에 비해 수 렴속도가 늦거 나 틀린 해를 보여 준다. 한편. p-verslOn 유한요소는 사용되는 요소의 크기가 클 뿐아니파 변형 되는 정도가 크므로 이러한 이산오차를 피하기 위해 초유한 보간기볍이 제안되이 정확한 사상을 하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 직선경계는 물론 곡선경계에 초유한 사상올 h -version과 p-verslOn에 적용하는 빙번과 이에 필 요한 초유한 보간자를 유도하여 세 문제의 예제 를 통해 그 적용성과 우월성을 보이고자 한다.

The magnetogram inversion technique (MIT) is a computational method for calculating the global pattern of ionospheric current using ground magnetic disturbance data as input. By assuming the ionospheric electric conductivity distribution, the technique makes it further possible to estimate the distribution patterns of such electrodynamic quantities as electric field, electric potential, field-aligned current and Joule heating rate. Although the MIT is an indirect method, it provides instantaneous electrodynamical pictures of the entire polar ionosphere with a high time resolution while more direct measurements by radar, rocket and satellite are vital to understand the ionospheric phenomena but they provide informations only over a limited area. Since the output of the MIT are very sensitive to the choice of the ionospheric conductivity distribution, a companion paper will be devoted to the topic. Various electrodynamic quantities over the polar ionosphere, which are now available through the magnetogram inversion technique, will be also discussed in another companion paper.

본 논문은 교량구조의 체계신뢰도를 추정하기 위한 효율적인 중요도 표본추출기법의 개발을 목적으로 한다. 기존의 체계신뢰성 해석을 위한 방법은 1차 모멘트법, 2차 모멘트법, AFOSM 근사해법, 그리고 시뮬레이션 방법등이 있다. 중요도 표본추출기법은 아주 적은 경비와 노력으로 정확한 해를 구하는 시뮬레이션 방법이다. 적용 예를 통하여 중요도 표본추출기법은 교량구조의 체계신뢰성해석에 아주 효과적인 방법임을 알 수 있었다.

A Stability to the dispersion solvent, which is acetonitrile, dichloromethane, benzene, chloroform and acetonitrile-benzene(1:1,v/v) of N-docosyl pyridinium)-TCNQ(1:2)complex was investigated by U.V Spectrophotometer and was confirmed stabilized on acetonitrile, the dichloromethane and acetonitrile-benzene (1:1,v/v) for seven hours. Using CdCl2buffer solution as subphase for LB films deposition, it was achived successively to fabricate the Y-type LB films of (N-docosyl pyridinium)-TCNQ(1:2)complex. For the sake of verifying the deposition of LB films, U.V is measured by variation of nominal layer number.

A computer program for automatic correlation of marine magnetic profiles is developed and tested. The algorithm involves an iterative stretching the short series selected from the reference profile and cross-correlating with the long series chosen from the other profile. This method gives superior results for correlating near-by profiles and relatively reliable results even for very distant profiles located in different oceans. To increase the effectiveness of the method, it is essential to choose proper window size for the long series and an assumed range of stretching between profiles.

몇 가지의 예를 들어 점진적 붕괴가 내진설계의 중요한 설계기준이 될 수 있다는 것과 이와 관련하여 Shakedown 해석이 한 구조설계 도구로 사용될 수 있다는 사실이 밝혀진다. 이 Shakedown 해석기법을 사용하여 비선형 계획에 의한 최적 구조설계 프로그램이 개발되었는데, 이것은: (i) 탄성응력과 처짐에 대한 제약조건: (ii) 점진적 붕괴와 약충붕괴의 방지를 위한 제약조건: 그리고 (iii) 구조물의 기본주기에 대한 제약조건을 수용하고 있다. 마지막으로 내진설계의 모든 요구조건을 만족시키는 최적설계를 얻기 위하여, 이 개발된 프로그램을 이용한 5-단계 설계방법론이 제시되고 있다.