Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of activity of daily liv-ing(ADL) on task-oriented Learning program in adult with cerebral palsy.Method : The subjects were forty members who were treated at dept. occupational therapy the H Rehabilitation Center in kwang ju from January 2003 to July 2003. The ADL were meas-ured with Functional Independence Measure(FIM) and collected data were statistically analysed by SPSS PC for Wilcoxon signed rank test using NPARIWAY.Results : 1. A age distribution of the subject was from 20 to 36, and the average age was 25.6. The number of the twenties are the most number of the subjects by 28 persons(70%). The men were 19 persons(47.5%) and the women were 21 persons(52.5%). The clinical types of adult with cerebral palsy were dyskinesia 4 persons(10%), spastic quadriplegia 10 persons(25%), spas-tic hemiplegia 12 persons(30%), spastic diplegia 14 persons(35.5%). In the dominated hand, the right’s was 27 persons(67.5%), and the left’s was 13 persons(32.5%) and the number of person with language disability was 26 persons(65%), without language disability was 14 persons (35.5%). The duration of medical treatment was 61 days at the shortest, 123 days at the lon-gest, and the average duration was 82 days. 2. The variation to the performance of daily life after pre-treatment and post-treatment through the general characteristics of the adult with cerebral palsy was significantly (p<.01) in-creased independent of age, gender, clinical types except dyskinesia, dominated hand, speech dis-ability and treatment duration of less than 2∼3month.3. The variation of the pre-treatment and the post-treatment in the detail item to the per-formance of daily life of the adult with cerebral palsy through task-oriented Learning program was significantly(p<.01) increased at the self-care, sphincter control, locomotion, mobility, com-munication and social cognition.Conclusion : Cerebral palsy cause disability on daily life with decrease of motor performance ability by adding marked growth of the adolescence, disease, treatment interruption, trauma etc, to past poor motor control function, impaired balance reaction, muscle spasticity etc. But if proper task-oriented Learning program has been performing to patients continuously, General ADL performance ability will be increasing in young adult with cerebral palsy patients.

Anchorage plays an important role in orthodontic treatment. Recently, some clinicians have tried to use skeletal anchorage system(titanium miniscrews and microscrews) in treatment due to their many advantages such as ease of insertion and removal, low cost, immediate loading, and the ability to place miniscrews in any area of alveolar bone. The purpose of this study was to investigate the histopathologic change of alveolar bone density around miniscrew under variable ortho -donticforceinyoung-adultdogs, throughthepolarizingmicroscopic findings. For this study, three young adult mongrel dogs(6-months in age) were used, 12 titanium miniscrews were inserted into the palatal bone(4 miniscrews placed in each dog), and then miniscrews were loadedwithorthodonticforce [50gm(F1),100gm(F2),250gm(F3), 500gm(F4)] immediately after implantation. After 1, 3 and 6 weeks, the animals were sacrificed. Then the miniscrews and surrounding bone of dogs were removed, respectively. The grinding samples along the long axis of miniscrew were made. The changes of bone density and thrombosis were examined under the polarizing microscope. Bone density was determined as color changes. The results of this study were as follows. 1. There was no thrombosis in the F1 group. But thrombosis was seen in 1 week of T side, 1, 3, 6 weeks of P side in the F2 group, 1, 3 weeks of T side, 1, 3, 6 weeks of P side in the F3 group and 1, 3, 6 weeks of both P and T side in the F4 group. 2. The changes of bone density decreased in P side more than T side in 1 week, while more decreased P side in 3 weeks than 1 week. In 6 weeks, bone density more increased in T side than P side along the middle & apex. 3. As orthodontic force increased, there was severe thrombosis, especially in cervical of P side. As it went up to 3, 6 weeks, thrombosis was decreased but remained. 4. As orthodontic force increased, bone density more severely decreased due to bone destruction in 1 and 3 weeks, but more slowly increased due to bone formation in 6 weeks. Based on the results of this study, in the practice, because of optimal orthodontic force for the most of tooth movement was less than 150gm, I thought that miniscrews could play role of use of skeletal anchorage immediately after implantation. In the more than 250gm & 500gm of orthodontic force, I thought that miniscrews would be delayed as use of skeletal anchorage after loss of bone was restored.

조절작용은 눈의 굴절상태를 변화시킬 수 있는 힘으로 나이가 어리면 어릴수록 이 것을 억제하기가 어렵다. 사람은 나이가 들면서 조절력이 감소되고 조절작용올 억제 하기가 쉬워진다. 기존 연구에서 고둥학교 학생들의 조절마비제 정안 전과 후의 굴절 력의 변화가 적었고 나이가 어릴수록 조절마비제를 이용하여 굴절검사가 이루어져야 한다고 하였다. 이 연구의 대상자들은 부모나 보호자들에 의해 시력장애가 의심되거나 환자 스스 로 시야의 흐립을 호소한 경험이 있는 순천지역 6-9세 사이의 소년 60 t청 (OS)을 대 상으로 하였다. 굴절이상을 제외한 녹내장， 백내장， 망막질환， 약사， 가성근시， 그리고 조절마비는 대상의 생플에서 제외시켰다. 환자들의 내원 당일 타각적과 자각적 방법 으로 현성굴절검사(Manifest Refraction) 와 조절마비제률 이용한 굴절검사( Cycloplegic Refraction)를 하였고， 5 일 후 추적 검사 (Post Cyclo-refraction) 를 하였다. 본 연구에서는 면과 원주요소를 각각 CR과 MR, PCR과 MR, PCR과 CR의 차이를 계산하여 Origin 6.0(paired t-test) 프로그랩올 사용하여 분석 하였다. 그 결과 CR과 MR, PCR과 CR의 차이와 비교하여 MR과 CR의 구면요소 굴절차이가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 이러한 구면의 차이는 나이가 중가할수록 감소하였다 :6세 (p = 0.03237, t = -3.78325) 와 7세 (p = 0.000245378, t = -5.31없3) 에서 는 유의 하였고 8세 (p = 0.08871, t = -1.97593) 와 9세 (p = 0.48959, t = -0.74536) 에 서 는 유의 하지 않았다. MR과 PC의 구면 차이는 모든 나이에서 통계학적으로 유의하지 않았다. 김의 연구도 또한 MR과 CR의 차이가 7 세 보다 어린 나이에서 굴절력의 차이가 크게 나타났다고 보고 하였다. 결론적으로 각각의 굴절상태 차이에서 구면요소는 나이가 어릴수록 조절성향 이 강한 반면 원주요소는 굴절 변화가 적고 불규칙적이며 불일치성을 보였다 (p< 0.05). 이 결과에 의하여 나이가 어린 환자， 특히 7세 미만에서는 반드시 조절마비제 를 이용한 굴절검사가 이루어져야 하겠다.

We present the results of VLA NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) line observations of the young-stellar object (YSO) IRAS 19550+3248. The integrated intensity map of the NH3 (1,1) line shows that there are two ammonia cores in this region; core A which is associated with the YSO, and core B which is diffuse and located at the northeast of core A. Core A is compact and elongated along the east-west direction (0.07 pc×0.05 pc) roughly perpendicular to the molecular outflow axis. Core B is diffuse and extended (0.18 pc×0.07 pc). NH3 (2,2) line is detected only toward core A, which indicates that it is hotter (~ 15 K), presumably due to the heating by the YSO. The NH3 (1,1) line toward core A is wide (Δv ≳ 3 km s-l) and appears to have an anomalous intensity ratio of the inner satellite hyperfine lines. The large line width may be attributed to the embedded YSO, but the hyperfine anomaly is difficult to explain. We compare the results of NH3 observations with those of previous CS observations and find that the CS emission is detected only toward core A and is much more extended than the NH3 emission.

본 연구에서는 항아리 형태 젊은 초신성 잔해의 동력학을 설명하기 위해 분출물의 동력학적 효과를 고려하였다. 분출물과 성간 물질 사이에 존재하는 접촉불연속면에서 레일라-테일러(R-T)불안정에 기인한 자기장의 증폭호과가 고려되었다. 우주선 입자의 가속을 가정함으로서 합성전파 모형을 만들 수 있었으며 관측과의 비교를 위해 방위각을 따른 전파세기의 비(A)를 계산하였다. R-T불안정의 결과로 자란 가지의 경계면에서 압축, 전단, 인장의 결과로 충격파 후면의 자기장은 증폭되었다. 불안정의 시간에 따른 변화는 분출물의 감속에 민감하게 의존하며 초신성 잔해의 진화와 밀접히 관계됨을 볼 수 있었다. 자기장의 세기는 초기에 급격히 증가하며 역 충격파가 분출물의 등밀도지역으로 들어감에 따라 감소되었다. 그러나 이와 같은 초기 자기장 증폭의 효과는 초신성 잔해의 후기까지 남아 있음을 볼 수 있었다. 증폭된 자기장 영역에서 적도지역과 극지역의 자기장의 세기의 비는 최대 7.5까지 이를 수 있었다. 이와 같은 자기장의 증폭은 방위각에 따라 매우 큰 전파세기의 비를 만들 수 있었다(A=15). 증폭된 자기장의 세기는 수치계산의 분해능에 매우 민감함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 우주선 입자의 가속효과가 자기장과 충격파 면이 이루는 각도에 의존한다는 가정 없이도 자기장의 증폭효과가 관측된 항아리 형태의 젊은 초신성 잔해를 만들 수 있음을 보였다. 그러나 이와 같은 기작이 효과적이기 위해서는 초신성 잔해 주위의 자기장이 잘 정열되어 있어야 한다. 항아리 형태의 젊은 초신성잔해의 수가 적게 관측되는 것은 이와 같은 조건이 성간에서 잘 이루어지지 않음을 의미한다.

We have constructed the foundations to a series of theoretical diagnostic methods to probe the jet phenomenon in young stars as observed at various optical forbidden lines. We calculate and model in a self-consistent manner the physical and radiative processes which arise within an inner disk-wind driven magneto centrifugally from the circumstellar accretion disk of a young sun-like star. Comparing with real data taken at high angular resolution, our approach will provide the basis of systematic diagnostics for jets and their related young stellar objects, to attest the emission mechanisms of such phenomena. This work can help bring first-principle theoretical predictions to confront actual multi-wavelength observations, and will bridge the link between many very sophiscated numerical simulations and observational data. Analysis methods discussed here are immediately applicable to new high-resolution data obtained with HST and Adaptic Optics.

To identify an antioxidant system, Se and Vit. E were administered into Hanwoo young sire and the effects of administration on blood components(Se, Vit. E, chemical values, estradiol-17 , testosterone) were examined. The 16 heads ranging from twenty to thirty two months of age were randomly assigned to control group, Se-administered group(Se-group), Vit. E-administered group(Vit. E-group) and Se and Vit. E administered group(Se and Vit. E-group). Each reagent (Se : 0.1 mg, Vit. E . 1,500IU, Se+vit. E : 0.1 mg+1,500IU per kg of body weight, respectively) administered 3 times every 30days by intramuscular injection. Se concentration in serum was higher in Se-group and Se and Vit. E-group than in control group and Se and Vit. E-group also was higher than Vit. E-group(p<0.05). Although all Se-, Vit. E-administered groups were a little higher than control group, the injection of Se and Vit. E were not significant effect on Vit. E concentration in serum(p>0.05). All groups showed significant variance by periods, but there were not significantly different among groups in blood chemical values. The estradiol-17 concentrations of all Se-, Vit. E-administered groups were a little higher than those of control group, but there were not significant(p>0.05). There have no significant difference among groups in testosterone concentration. These results indicate that the administration of Se, Se + Vit. E increase Se concentration in Hanwoo young bull.

We studied the phrases and the sentences of Dong-Eui Bo Kahm (東醫寶鑑) that were quoted from the So Moon (素問) and the Young Chu (靈樞). Mainly most of quoted sentences were same with original texts. The principal contents of this study can be summarized as follows. First, there are a few cases that the phrases of Dong-Eui Bo Kahm become more distinct and minute than that of the So Moon and the Young Chu. Second, there are many cases that the phrases of Dong-Eui Bo Kahm become briefer than that of the So Moon and the Young Chu. Third. many synonyms and equivalents of the phrases of the So Moon and the Young Chu were used in Dong-Eui Bo Kahm. Forth, there are a few wrong words and incorrect phrases in Dong-Eui Bo Kahm. Fifth, there are many omissed words and added words in Dong-Eui Bo Kahm. But that quoted sentences have same meaning with original sentenses. Sixth, original text book names were recorded in the end of all sentenses of Dong-Eui Bo Kahm, but there were a few wrong text book names.

本篇靈樞․腸胃는 인체의 소화기에 길이와 용적에 대한 고대인들의 인식이 포함되어 있어 이를 통해 그들의 해부학적인 인식의 수준과 內經의 여러 편에 나오는 당시의 도량형에 대한 이해를 도울 수 있다. 이 편을 연구한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 靈樞․腸胃에서 제시한 소화관의 총길이(6丈4寸4分)와 현대해부학에서 제시한 소화관의 평균길이(9m)를 비교할 때 本篇에서 사용된 寸의 개념은 약 1.5cm로 볼 수 있으며 또한 가장 근사하게 일

Oriental medicine, as defined by the book World Medicine, is one of the six major healing systems of the world. According to a survey done by the World Health Organi -zation, more than one-third of the world's population is being treated with Oriental medicine(acupuncture). Dating back some 5,000 years, Oriental medicine has been practiced systematically, rationally and consistently by the people of China, Korea, Japan and southeast Asian countries. European countries began using it when the Jesuits and Dutch merchant traders brought back the information from China in the 16th century. At this point, the original text of acupuncture is important, so I have chosen Ju Bi(周痹) of the Young Chu(靈樞). This article, Ju Bi(周痹) of the Young Chu(靈樞), can be divided into four chapters. The contents are as follows: In chapter Ⅰ; The Yellow Emperor asked a question of Ch'i Po about Ju Bi(周痹). In chapter Ⅱ; The difference of Ju Bi(周痹) and Jung Bi(衆痹) In chapter Ⅲ; The analysis of the mechanism of disease of Ju Bi(周痹). In chapter Ⅳ; The treatment of acupuncture of Ju Bi(周痹). I have tried to stay true to the original text as much as possible, and used some reference books to understand the meaning of the text well.

This study was undertaken in an effort to select the sire bull in Hanwoo through in vitro fertilization of proven bull semen. It was used for in vitro fertilization that of the 20 proven bull semen with follicular oocytes derived from slaughterhouse ovaries of Hanwoo. The stage of maturation on the time course of bovine cumulus-enclosed oocytes incubated for 24 hours was found the highest(96.4%) than hose of other maturationi time. In vitro fertilization rate of bovine oocytes with proven bull sperm showed from 61.5 to 88.9%. Polyspermy of in vitro fertilized oocytes according to proven bulls were the highest KP 491(61.5%) nothing but KP 486, KP 491 and KP 497.

UBVI CCD photometry has been obtained for a region around the Wolf-Rayet star WR 12. We found two young stellar associations in the observed field: the nearer one comprises the field members of Vela OBI association at d = 1.8kpc, while the farther one is the young open cluster Bochum 7 (Bo 7) at d = 4.8kpc. The stars associated with Bo 7 showed no central concentration which suggests that Bo 7 is not a young open cluster but simply a local concentration in the density of young stars belonging to the OB association (Vel OB3). These two associations have similar ages but remarkably different mass function slopes (Γ = -2.1 ± 0.3 for Vel OBI and -1.0 ± 0.3 for Bo 7). The stars in Vel OBI shows an evident age spread (ΔT~ 9Myr). We also found two strong Hα emission stars - WR 12 and #1066 - from narrow band Hα photometry.

Being based on oriental medicine, the body intimates with the mind. Therefore vitality attachs to heart, will attachs to spleen, purpose attachs to kidney and spirit attachs to lung. The mind is very important cause of a disease. Bonsin means the five viscera vitality. The acupuncture of the beginning always depend of vitality, therefore the name of this volume is BonSin. This volume explains the mind activity of human body that is vitality, essence of life, soul, spirit, feeling, will, purpose, wisdom and thought. In addition explains that's origin and the connection of the mind and care. A disease appears on the occasion of nerve strain, so we observe a mental state in case of treatment. This volume divide in three chapters. ChapterⅠ deals with the meaning of consciousness and connection with the cause of a disease. ChapterⅡ deals with an illness of five hollow organs's consiousness and the time of death for it's results. ChapterⅢ deals with the deficiency and exceess of a mental disease and mind-culture.

Weigi(衛氣) is defensive energy which moves outside the conduits, permeating the surface of the body and warding off exogenous pathogens ; superficial resistance of the body. Yinggi(營氣) is constructive energy which moves though the conduits and nourishes all the organs This volume commets on creation and gathering of Yinggi(營氣)-Weigi(衛氣). Therefore subjicts can be chosen Yong Wi Sang Whei(營衛生會). This volume contents three chapters ChapterⅠdeals that yingi(營氣) is created from zhuogi(終期) ; dense part of food essence or waste gas, e.g., the air expirde or flactus discharged; and wei is created from qinggi(淸氣); ⑴ fresh air usually referred to the air inspired in the lung ⑵ food energy or nutrient esp. the clarified thin part of food essence ⑶ clear up the evil heat from the Qi system: a method in treating febrile diseases. Chapter Ⅱ deals with the difference between a youth and adult. Chapter Ⅲ deals with the relation between yinwei(영위) and Triple Burners.