A study on webGl efficiency in Unity servers was conducted. There are various ways to upload a build file made with Unity to a web server. In fact, to classify it that way, it would not be an exaggeration to say that there are as many developers as there are. In this paper, it is mainly classified into four types and introduced. First, there are ways to package and distribute the Unity project itself, distribute it as a standalone or mobile build, distribute it as a webplayer build, and distribute it as a WebGL build. I would like to briefly introduce each method, look at the simplest of them, the distribution method in WebGL, and study the efficiency of this method in detail. Through this study, we can use Unity for the first time to help people who are thinking of deploying servers or are interested in basic engines and server upload methods. In this paper, we will first introduce the simplest way of building WebGL, then explain and compare the four distribution methods, and finally compare them with the efficiency of the WebGL method. This will support opinions on efficiency.

Recently, the importance of impact-based forecasting has increased along with the socio-economic impact of severe weather have emerged. As news articles contain unconstructed information closely related to the people’s life, this study developed and evaluated a binary classification algorithm about snowfall damage information by using media articles text mining. We collected news articles during 2009 to 2021 which containing ‘heavy snow’ in its body context and labelled whether each article correspond to specific damage fields such as car accident. To develop a classifier, we proposed a probability-based classifier based on the ratio of the two conditional probabilities, which is defined as I/O Ratio in this study. During the construction process, we also adopted the n-gram approach to consider contextual meaning of each keyword. The accuracy of the classifier was 75%, supporting the possibility of application of news big data to the impact-based forecasting. We expect the performance of the classifier will be improve in the further research as the various training data is accumulated. The result of this study can be readily expanded by applying the same methodology to other disasters in the future. Furthermore, the result of this study can reduce social and economic damage of high impact weather by supporting the establishment of an integrated meteorological decision support system.

In recent years, young Chinese consumers have become more favorably inclined toward products relating to traditional culture. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a textile design that incorporates traditional Chinese patterns and cultural symbolism that will appeal to consumers from the MZ generation (millennials and Generation Z). Through a literature search for traditional Chinese patterns and symbols regarded as auspicious, our design concept and motives were established. We selected peony, lotus, and frog motifs as representative of a “wealth and eternal prosperity” design theme. In textile design work 1, we used hand drawing and watercolor techniques, color transformation with Adobe Photoshop, and colorway and end-use 3D simulation with TexPro. The 3D simulation work suggests that this textile pattern is suitable for women’s outerwear, mufflers, and tote bags. Textile design work 2 conveyed the ‘wealth and eternal prosperity’ design theme and had a graceful mood that embodied the nobility of the lotus flower whilst also encompassing the symbolism of money and status. The end design is a modern reinterpretation of traditional Chinese patterns and motifs. As such, it is hoped that it will satisfy the needs of young consumers for cultural values yet offer a unique new aesthetic distinct from existing textile designs. These qualities can be expected to enhance the competitive market value of textiles bearing this design.

예이츠는 아일랜드의 음유시적 전통과 당대 유럽의 지식사회에서 강한 영향력을 발휘한 부동의 미학을 연결지어 본인만의 독특한 비극론을 전개한다. 유럽 상징주의 드라마가 자신의 연극론 형성에 갖는 잠재력을 예리하게 간파한 예이츠는 특히 벨기에 극작가 모리스 마테를링크가 주창한 “정적 드라마”에 영향을 받는다. 동시에 그리스비극을 아폴로와 디오니소스적 욕망 사이에 존재하는 긴장의 산물로 바라보는 니체의 비극 철학에 매료된다. 본 연구는 예이츠의 비극 이론을 니체철학과 마테를링크의 극이론의 창의적 수용이라는 관점에서 바라보고 분석하며 그 장단점을 논의한다. 특히 ‘비극적 환희’라는 극적 효과가 극형식과 연계되는 지점에서 발생하는 문제들에 주시한다. 예이츠는 그가 가졌던 사실주의에 대한 강한 반감 때문에 마테를링크의 일상성과 니체의 아폴로적인 욕망에서 보이는 형식의 중요성을 간과하게 된다.

In recent years, the marketing literature has given considerable attention to the concept of online consumer misbehaviour. However, this increased interest has resulted in a significant accumulation of knowledge, leading to fragmentation and confusion in the field. This situation has serious implications for both researchers and practitioners, as it impedes the development of a coherent and unified understanding of the field. To address this issue, this paper presents a systematic review aimed at consolidating and organizing the available research on online consumer misbehaviour. The paper provides a conceptualization and operationalization of the concept of OCM. Additionally, the paper identifies and discusses the existing theories used in the field of OCM research.

This paper explores the relationships of various cognitive, attitudinal, and behavioural responses of e-discount sales promotion technique preferences consumers have when making purchases through online food delivery services (OFDS). This paper highlights new findings towards expanding e-discount and sales promotion literature and thus provide relevant implications.

From the standpoint of developing a transformative service to create improvements in collective wellbeing (Anderson & Ostrom, 2015), evidence of a sport–resilience relationship is gradually accumulating in the literature (Kim et al., 2022). Sport management and social science scholars are making considerable efforts to understand how sport entities with transformative services can contribute to consumer resilience—an intervention through a sport consumption experience that affects people’s abilities to cope with adversity (Inoue et al., 2022; MacIntosh et al., 2020). However, little is known about the sport industry and spatial consumer behavior in terms of consumer resilience. Although previous researchers have identified a macro-level association between sport industry and community resilience from a bird's eye view (Kim et al., 2021), it could not determine how and where sport industry at a macro level can be related to individual-level resilience through metaphors of Consumer Desire. Specifically, the spatial patterns of sport consumption (i.e., consumer spatial behavior) can be a result of sport consumer behavior affected by spatial context upon heterogeneous features of sport industry across regions (Kim et al., 2021) in the environment–behavior paradigm (Olsson & Gale, 1968). The macrolevel clustering of the sport industry in a region (environment) can be a community resource to provide individuals with the opportunity for sport consumption (behavior), which promotes the micro-level psychosocial factors for sport consumer resilience (Inoue et al., 2022). Furthermore, recent work illustrates heterogeneous spatial interaction at the regional level of the sport industry and individual-level sport consumption (Kim et al., 2022), suggesting the elaboration of cross-level spatial interaction models (Kim et al., 2021). Accordingly, in this study we aim to not only (a) determine spatially heterogeneous interactions in the association between sport industry and consumer spatial behavior in affecting consumer resilience, but also (b) identify what effect spatial interaction has on cross-level relationships. Using data focused on a multiscale-based nested geographic structure (e.g., individual-level consumption by zip code, county, state, and nation) that could elucidate the sport consumer spatial behavior, We collected multiple types of data from Florida, including the location quotient of the main seven sport industries (e.g., sport facilities) and socioeconomic factors (e.g., social vulnerability) at the county level from secondary sources. In addition, we acquired individual-level data from Qualtrics panels (1,107 Florida residents) to measure sport consumer spatial behavior (e.g., location-based sport consumption experience) and consumer resilience using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. To address spatial interaction and heterogeneity, we used a comprehensive analytical model for global and local spatial analysis, including a spatial multilevel mediation (SMM) model and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model. As a result of the SMM model, the county-level cluster of sport facilities affected individual-level participatory sport consumption, which enhanced consumer resilience (cross-level interaction effect). However, considerable spatial non-stationarity appeared in the spatial interaction, indicating interregional interactions in the cross-level effects within a county. The results of MGWR indicated significant spatially heterogeneous patterns in the association between the cluster of sport facilities and participatory sport consumption. That is, it was clarified that the spatial heterogeneous effects of the clustering of sport facilities on sport consumer spatial behavior are associated with consumer resilience. This empirical interdisciplinary work, including sport management, geography, and consumer psychology, advances knowledge of consumer spatial behavior and resilience by demonstrating heterogeneous spatial interactions. Practically, the current study calls for spatial management planning and strategy in sport industry for enhancing consumer resilience through spatial sport consumption, considering spatially varying patterns.

Synced advertising (SA) has grown in popularity due to its ability to facilitate multitasking and personalize ads to the media content users consume. Research on the effects of SA has been limited, but it has been suggested that repetition and personalization with SA will lead to a stronger, lasting impression. However, there are concerns that SA could be perceived as intrusive and lead to privacy issues. This study seeks to explore how the consumer paradox between perceived relevance and privacy concerns may affect the outcome of the advertisements.

Measuring service quality and related key dimensions has been an important problem in Marketing. In this research, we would introduce a smart methodological framework to efficiently identify refined, key sentiment dimensions for measuring the service quality using both traditional survey and unstructured online reviews (natural survey). The proposed framework consists of three parts: (1) steps for preprocessing the unstructured reviews to generate attribute-level sentiments for independent variables (2) Bayesian regression to efficiently identify key groups of correlated attributes and (3) post-hoc analysis for identifying dimensions from the selected groups of correlated attributes and predicting dimension-level effects. Note, the first part of the framework (i.e., preprocessing) is not required for analyzing traditional surveys. Our framework provides two sets of complementing results such as attribute-level effects under the identified dimensions and aggregate dimension-level effects. In the first application study to traditional SERVQUAL data, we successfully validated the proposed framework by comparing the results between our framework and three commonly used existing methods of regression, lasso regression, and factor analysis. In the second empirical application study with the online reviews from a major game review website, STEAM platform, we found that our framework provided a significantly reduced number of key dimensions which were surprisingly efficient for predicting and explaining the service quality ratings, compared with the same set of compared methods in the first study plus the topic model. In particular, with reviews of 2,825 games, three key dimensions of Mechanical playability, Fun in fantasy and Money for value were identified, and we also found that the Mechanical playability could be an important driver of game popularity.

Social marketing is a discipline promoting voluntary behaviour change in target audience to effect societal and individual benefits by applying commercial marketing strategies. Considering the UNFCCC mechanisms are established to foster voluntary cooperation of parties of the Paris Agreement (2015) in achieving their emission reduction targets and adaptation goals, potential for social marketing playing a critical role in contributing to the context seems endless. The Climate Technology Center and Network (CTCN), established in 2013, is an operational arm of the Technology Mechanism (TM) introduced by the Conference of the Parties (COP) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. With the purpose of pursuing impactful mitigation and adaptation technology transfer based on global cooperation ontology, the CTCN supports technical assistance (TA) to developing countries on climate technology issues. Nevertheless, the participation rate of the domestic members in the CTCN TA project is low at 7 per cent. With this regard, little has known about what government support would benefit the Network members most, therefore, contributing to the global climate change issue. This research aims to respond to these calls. Three sequential studies outlining 4P strategy development were conducted. Study 1 conducted an online survey to identify pricing factors influencing participation of climate technology transfer business (RQ1). Study 2 tested four different types of government support program that will is most likely to encourage the Network member’s CTCN TA participation (RQ2). Study 3 pilot tested the most appropriate government support program, including a new communication strategy (RQ3). This research has taken climate technology experts’ perspectives in order to enhance the participation of 81 Korean Network members in climate technology projects. This paper contributes to applying the social marketing approach in expanding climate technology assistants globally, thereby purposefully bringing new theoretical and practical insights affecting the mitigation of carbon emissions and increasing the adaptation to climate-related disasters in developing countries.

Social media has emerged as a prevalent tool for businesses in recent years through which brands actively engage in promotions. This development has resulted in several social media trends aimed at garnering increased consumer engagement on various social media platforms that brands utilize routinely. We investigate one such prevalent social media trend: brands sharing memes. Several popular brands, such as Netflix, regularly post memes on social media platforms. Therefore, it is important to study the brands’ use of memes and their resultant impact on consumer behavior.

As digital technology becomes more prevalent in today’s business environment and interest in digital trust rises, restaurants need to identify whether and how their mobile apps enhance the customer experience, and what features of the apps can strengthen customers’ attachment to them. However, few studies have examined the role of restaurant mobile apps as a catalyst for building customer loyalty. Considering restaurant mobile apps as a means to build a trustworthy relationship between customers and restaurants, this study develops and validates a research framework to measure digital trust between restaurants and customers through restaurant mobile apps. Specifically, due to the lack of measurement constructs for digital trust, a reliable and valid set of measurements that can explain digital trust in relation to restaurant mobile apps is developed and the effects of mobile apps’ digital trust on customers’ trust in a restaurant brand, overall experience, and their continued use intention are assessed.

Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) has gained significant interest as a transducer in various electrochemical sensing devices due to their unique structure, compatibility with biomolecules, and excellent electronic properties. As-prepared SWNTs are usually a mixture of semiconducting and metallic ones. Despite of the higher content of semiconducting components in mixed SWNTs, metallic properties are predominantly expressed due to the bundling issue of the SWNT during the fabrication process, limiting the applicability to bio-transistor application. Here, we present a multi-scale semiconducting electronic film of SWNTs as a transducing platform for electrochemical field-effect-transistor (eFET) suitable for the sensitive detection of subtle biological modulation. A genetically engineered filamentous M13 phage showing strong binding affinity toward SWNTs on its body surface was used as a biological material, allowing us to fabricate a large-scale transparent semiconducting nanocomposite. As the relative ratio of SWNT to M13 phage decreases, the on–off ratio of SWNT electronic film increases by 1200%. To show broad applicability, the multi-scale SWNT nanomesh-based eFET is applied for monitoring a variety of biological reactions in association with enzymes, aptamers, and even cyanobacteria. The biomimetic electronic material system with the capability of transducing biological responses at a large scale over a broad dynamic range holds excellent promise for biosensors, biofuel cells, and environment monitoring.

In this study, we investigate the opportunity of using waste tire char as a cathode material for lithium-ion primary batteries (LPBs). The char obtained by carbonizing waste tires was washed with acid and thermally fluorinated to produce CFX. The structural and chemical properties of the char and CFX were analyzed to evaluate the effect of thermal fluorination. The carbon structure of the char was increasingly converted to CFX structure as the fluorination temperature increased. In addition, the manufactured CFX- based LPBs were evaluated through electrochemical analysis. The discharge capacity of the CFX reached a maximum of 800 mAh/g, which is comparable to that of CFX- based LPBs manufactured from other carbon sources. On the basis of these results, the use of waste tire char-based CFX as a cathode material for LPBs is presented as a new opportunity in the field of waste tire recycling.

본 연구는 아시아의 국제관계가 변화하는 맥락에서 "아시아 나토"의 실 행 가능성과 잠재적 영향을 검토한다. 아시아 버전 나토의 가능성을 분 석하기 위해 세 가지 목표를 추구한다: (1) 나토의 성격을 조사하고 아시 아에서의 잠재적 적용을 검토한다, (2) 세력균형이론과 위협균형이론의 관점에서 나토의 과거 실패를 검토한다, (3) 정치와 군사적 도전을 고려 한 아시아 나토의 실행 가능성을 평가한다. 이 연구는 미국과 일본을 중 심으로 아시아 나토에 대한 관심이 증가한 지정학적 변화를 탐구한다. 현재 미중 균형과 위협 사이의 균형은 양자 및 삼자 동맹을 설정하는 데 이르렀지만 아시아 나토의 가능성은 여전히 쉽지 않다. 그러나 중국이 지역 패권 추구로 인한 압도적인 외부 위협을 초래하면, 아세안 국가들 은 집단 안보 체제에 가입할 수 있다. 본 논문은 특히 이러한 상황에서 한국이 직면할 수 있는 문제점에 대해서도 지적한다.

According to NSSC Notice No. 2021-10, safety analysis needs to be introduced in the decommissioning plan. Public and occupational dose analyses should be conducted, specifically for unexpected radiological accidents. Herein, based on the risk matrix and analytic hierarchy process, the method of selecting accident scenarios during the decommissioning of nuclear power plants has been proposed. During decommissioning, the generated spent resin exhibits relatively higher activity than other generated wastes. When accidents occur, the release fraction varies depending on the conditioning method of radioactive waste and type of radioactive nuclides or accidents. Occupational dose analyses for 2 (fire and drop) among 11 accident scenarios have been performed. The radiation doses of the additional exposures caused by the fire and drop accidents are 1.67 and 4.77 mSv, respectively.

목적 : 본 연구는 만 50세 이상 성인에서 녹내장, 황반변성, 당뇨병성망막병증의 의사진단여부와 삶의 질의 관 련성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 국민건강영양조사 제7기(2016~2018) 자료 중 만 50세 이상의 성인으로 녹내장, 황반변성, 당뇨병성망 막병증의 의사진단여부에 따라 현재의 건강상태를 묻는 EQ-5D와의 관계를 분석하였으며, p<0.050인 경우 유의 한 값으로 판단하였다. 결과 : 녹내장, 황반변성, 당뇨병성망막병증에 영향을 주는 요인은 공통적으로 연령이었다. 이들 안질환과 삶의 질의 관계에서 녹내장과 당뇨망막병증은 일상 활동에서의 불편함이 있는 것으로 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었 다. 반면 황반변성은 자기관리 능력을 상실시킬 수 있는 위험이 유의하게 큰 것으로 나타났다[Odds ratio: 2.56(95% CI:1.05-6.25)]. 결론 : 본 연구에서 녹내장, 황반변성, 당뇨망막병증과 같은 주요 안질환은 연령과 관련이 있으며, 황반변성은 자기관리능력과 같은 삶의 질을 저하시킨다는 것을 확인하였다

The large process plant is currently implementing predictive maintenance technology to transition from the traditional Time-Based Maintenance (TBM) approach to the Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) approach in order to improve equipment maintenance and productivity. The traditional techniques for predictive maintenance involved managing upper/lower thresholds (Set-Point) of equipment signals or identifying anomalies through control charts. Recently, with the development of techniques for big analysis, machine learning-based AAKR (Auto-Associative Kernel Regression) and deep learning-based VAE (Variation Auto-Encoder) techniques are being actively applied for predictive maintenance. However, this predictive maintenance techniques is only effective during steady-state operation of plant equipment, and it is difficult to apply them during start-up and shutdown periods when rises or falls. In addition, unlike processes such as nuclear and thermal power plants, which operate for hundreds of days after a single start-up, because the pumped power plant involves repeated start-ups and shutdowns 4-5 times a day, it is needed the prediction and alarm algorithm suitable for its characteristics. In this study, we aim to propose an approach to apply the optimal predictive alarm algorithm that is suitable for the characteristics of Pumped Storage Power Plant(PSPP) facilities to the system by analyzing the predictive maintenance techniques used in existing nuclear and coal power plants.

This study aimed to build on past findings about differences in personal walking experiences by demonstrating what elements were beneficial to participants with different walking habits. Accordingly, this study established the relationships between valued walking elements and people’s motivation to walk, by dividing participants into three groups: Group W for people with a walking habit, Group HW for people who walk occasionally but not regularly, and Group NW for people who do not walk habitually. Participants walked a familiar and an unfamiliar route with a wearable device that recorded their heart-rate variability and electrodermal activity. Changes in the biometric data helped to identify the defining moments in each participant’s walk. Participants discussed these moments in one-on-one interviews with a researcher to pinpoint their valued walking elements. As a result, this study classified walking elements into six themes: “Surroundings,” “Social,” “Exploration,” “Route Plan,” “Physical Exercise,” and “Mental Thinking.” A walking habit development model was made to show how “Route Plan” and “Exploration” were beneficial to Group NW, “Social” and “Surroundings” were beneficial to Group HW, and “Route Plan,” “Mental Thinking,” and “Physical Exercise” were beneficial to Group W.

Technology innovation companies are focusing on contributing to business performance by R&D project as a strategic tool. Successful R&D leads to corporate competitiveness enhancement, national industrial development, but there are high uncertainty and risks in R&D. Public and private R&D projects are carried out to achieve various purposes. It was verified how the risk management and benefit management of the R&D project affect the detailed R&D project performance between the Public and private domain. The impact of Project Leadership on R&D performance was also analyzed. Those who have participated in the Public and Private R&D projects at companies or research institutes were surveyed. First, it was found that project risk and benefit management have partially an effect on R&D project performance. Second, Public and private R&D Project Leadership showed partially a interaction effect between project management and project performance.