This study aims to reveal the impact of continuous antagonist strengthening( CAS) and Evjenth-Hamberg stretching(EHS) on the cervical mobility in the university students with abnormal transformation of forward head posture( FHP). Our experiment was conducted 3 times a week for 6 weeks in a total of 20 individuals : continuous antagonist strengthening(CAS) group(n=10) & Evjenth-Hamberg stretching(EHS) group(n=10). In a pre and post comparison, both CAS group and EHS group appeared significantly in mSBI and SBA(p<.05) and the two-group comparison showed a significant difference(p<.05) : CAS group showed better effects. Thus, it is considered that the combined use with continuous antagonist strengthening(CAS) had better effects for cervical mobility than Evjenth-Hamberg stretching(EHS) alone.

As demand for Tenebrio molitor increases in animal feed market, improvement of mass-rearing indoor system became more crucial. This study is aimed at establishing the technology for conserving genetic resource of Tenebrio molitor, and increasing the technology utilization. This year, in advance, this experiment was designed for examining the developmental characteristics of eggs and larvae. To research the developmental characteristics under different temperatures, eggs, larvae and papae were treated at 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5 and 30°C. At 25°C, larvae were exposed to various photoperiod conditions, LD 14:10, 12:12, and 10:14. The results show that the temperature range which affected hatching was 15~32.5°C. To achieve 70 percent or higher hatching rate 17.5~27.5°C was required. Furthermore, hatching occurred within 10 days, when the eggs were treated in 22.5~27.5°C. In regard of larval development, shorter developmental period, and higher pupation and eclosion rates were observed in 25~27.5°C. The shortest larval period was recorded at 14L:10D. At 10L:14D, in contrast, pupae showed the lowest chance of eclosion. Overall, larval development was optimal in long-day condition.

Ski protein is implicated in proliferation/differentiation in a variety of cells. We had previously reported that Ski protein is present in granulosa cells of atretic follicles, but not in preovulatory follicles, suggesting that Ski has a role in apoptosis of granulosa cells. The alternative fate of granulosa cells other than apoptosis is to differentiate to luteal cells; however, it is unknown whether Ski is expressed and has a role in granulosa cells undergoing luteinization. Thus, the aim of the present study was to locate Ski protein in the rat ovary during luteinizationto predict the possible role of Ski. In order to examine the expression pattern of Ski protein along with the progress of luteinization, follicular growth was induced by administration of equine chorionic gonadtropin to immature female rats, and luteinization was induced by human chorionic gonadtropin treatment to mimic luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. While no Ski-positive granulosa cells were present in preovulatory follicle, Ski protein expression was induced in response to LH surge, and was maintained after the formation of the corpus luteum (CL). Though Ski protein is absent in granulosa cells of preovulatory follicle, its mRNA (c-Ski)was expressed and the level was unchanged even after LH surge. Taken together, these results demonstrated that Ski protein expression is induced in granulosa cells upon luteinization, and suggests that its expression is regulated post-transcriptionally.

In order to isolate thermophilic compost-promoting bacteria with high activity of cellulase and xylanase, spent mushroom substrates with sawdust were collected from mushroom cultivation farm, Jinju, Gyeongnam in Korea. Among of the isolates, one strain, designated HJ01 was selected by agar diffusion method. The strain HJ01 was identified as members of the Bacillus subtilis by biochemical characteristics using Bacillus ID kit and VITEK 2 system. Comparative 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain HJ01 formed a distinct phylogenetic tree within the genus Bacillus and was most closely related to Bacillus subtilis with 16S rDNA gene sequence similarity of 99.3%. On the basis of its physiological properties, biochemical characteristics and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain HJ01 was classified within the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus subtilis HJ0 is proposed. The cellulase and xylanase activity of B. subtilis HJ0 was slightly increased according to bacterial population from exponential phase to stationary phase in growth curve for B. subtilis HJ01.

In this study, we were performed to elucidate the antioxidant and anticancer activity by leaves extracts from Acer tegmentosum (AT-L). In DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, the AT-L revealed the high scavenging activity. Especially, the AT-L measured the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity, which is higher than ascorbic acid. The types of human cancer cells for evaluating the anticancer activity were colorectal cancer (SW480), prostate cancer (PC-3), breast cancer (MCF-7), pancreatic cancer (AsPC-1), lung cancer (A549) and liver cancer (HepG2). Human cancer cell viability was measured using MTT assay. Treatment of the AT-L decreased the cell viability and induced apoptosis in SW480 cells. These results suggest that extracts of the AT-L can be used as supplementary material for developing the natural antioxidant and anticancer drug for human cancer cells.

The purpose of this study is to find out how SNS marketing activities affect brand recognition, brand familiarity, and purchase intention for consumers who have purchased products from franchise chicken stores, including whether there is a moderating effect according to gender. SNS marketing activities were set up by configuring three attributes which are, SNS advertising, SNS information, and SNS events as sub-factors. For empirical analysis, a survey was conducted on SNS users, and SPSS/AMOS statistical programs were employed for the data analysis. First, the result of the empirical analysis showed that SNS advertising, SNS information, and SNS events have a significant positive effect on brand recognition. Second, it was found that the SNS events had a significant positive effect on brand familiarity. Third, it was found that SNS advertising has a significant positive effect on purchase intention. Fourth, it was observed that brand recognition has a significant positive effect on brand familiarity. Fifth, it was found that brand recognition and brand familiarity have a significant positive effect on purchase intention. Sixth, it was found that gender plays a significant role in the relationship between these constructs. Therefore, it can be assumed that the hypothesis presented in this study is sufficiently proven.

Quercus mongolica (QM), which belongs to fagaceae, is one of the oak native to Korea. We evaluated the antiinflammatory effect of branches extracted with 70% ethanol of QM (QM-B) and elucidated the potential signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The QM-B showed anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of NO production. The QM-B dose-dependently suppressed NO production by inhibiting iNOS, COX-2 and IL-6 expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The QM-B inhibited the degradation and phosphorylation of IκB-α and NF-κB activation. The QM-B suppressed the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2. Also, the QM-B increased HO-1 expression. These results suggested that QM-B may utilize anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway and inducing HO-1 expression indicated that the QM-B can be used as a natural anti-inflammatory drugs.