In this study, fundamental properties and change with time of cement mortar accompanied with change of solid content ratio of PC type superplasticizer were analyzed. As a result, it was clarified that the flow and air content decreased as the solid content ratio decreased, and the compressive strength increased slightly.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the crack characteristics of concrete by comparing the previously developed transparent bubble sheet and the aluminum deposited bubble sheet whose surface is exposed by applying to the walled structure apartment actually constructed. The aluminum deposited bubble sheet was developed for the purpose of temperature reduction through heat reflection.

In Korea, for about 2 months from late July to early September, it is expected that the average temperature will exceed 25 ℃, therefore, construction shall be conducted with hot weather concrete. In the case of the concrete placed at this time, if proper curing quality control measures are not established, problems such as plasticity, drying, shrinkage, and crack are caused. Therefore, in this study, an optimum method is proposed by mutually comparing the temperature history characteristics of the slab concrete in accordance with the change of surface coated curing material type.

The objective of this paper is to provide the feasibility of premixed type ternary blended aggregates using raw fly ash(Ra), crushed sand(CS) and sea sand(SS) by studying fresh properties of the concrete. Ra is varied from 2.5% to 10% with interval of 2.5% by weight of mixed aggregates. Test results indicates that the replacement of Ra by mixed aggregates with low quality crushed sand and sea sand resulted in decrease of slump and air contents due to increased viscosity.

In this paper, Results of mock-up test for mitigating carbonation of high volume mineral admixture concrete by spreading waste cooking oil. Concrete incorporating 60% of BS and 30% of FA with the size of 900×600×200 are discussed. Denatured Silicate paint is also applied to compare the performance. Test results indicate that the application of ERCO and DSP enhance carbonation resistance.

The objective of this paper is to offer the feasibility of premixed type ternary blended aggregates using reject ash(RA), crushed sand(CS) and sea sand(SS) by studying fresh properties of the concrete. RA is varied from 2.5% to 10% with interval of 2.5% by weight of mixed aggregates. Test results indicates that the replacement of RA by mixed aggregates with low quality crushed sand and sea sand resulted in decrease of slump and air contents.

In this research, in order to improvement the performance of the two-component mixed aggregate mixed with fine granite fine aggregate and seawater, the examination of the effect of reject ash on the cement mortar according to the change of substitution rate was done. As a result, it was found that the effect of improving the compressive strength is more effective when the rejection ash is replaced by 5% in the mixed aggregate than in the case of using the high quality aggregate.

In this research, the investigation of the temperature condition of reinforcing bars under laboratory temperature and outside temperature conditions in the insulation curing method of Korean-Chinese concrete bubble sheet to examine the suitability of the bubble sheet curing method. As a result, the heat of hydration of the concrete on the wall part affects the exposed reinforcing bars to delay the temperature drop at the part where the bubble sheet is not laid

In previous research, the durability of the concrete was improved by filling the capillary voids with soap by the saponification reaction of the glycerin ester of the oil and the alkali of the concrete. Thus, in this research, there will be an experimental investigation on the effects of various strengths on the resistance to salt attack resistance by applying ordinary strength concrete.

In previous research team had reported that the durability of carbonation is improved by filling voids due to the saponification reaction of oil and concrete. The purpose of this study was to have experimental investigation the effect of mock-up experiment on the carbonation resistance of the waste concrete admixture.

In this research, in order to improvement the performance of the two-component mixed aggregate mixed with fine granite fine aggregate and seawater, the examination of the effect of reject ash on the cement mortar according to the change of substitution rate was done. As a result, it was found that the effect of improving the compressive strength is more effective when the rejection ash is replaced by 5% in the mixed aggregate than in the case of using the high quality aggregate.

In this research, the investigation of the temperature condition of reinforcing bars under laboratory temperature and outside temperature conditions in the insulation curing method of Korean-Chinese concrete bubble sheet to examine the suitability of the bubble sheet curing method. As a result, the heat of hydration of the concrete on the wall part affects the exposed reinforcing bars to delay the temperature drop at the part where the bubble sheet is not laid.

In previous research, the durability of the concrete was improved by filling the capillary voids with soap by the saponification reaction of the glycerin ester of the oil and the alkali of the concrete. Thus, in this research, there will be an experimental investigation on the effects of various strengths on the resistance to salt attack resistance by applying ordinary strength concrete.

In previous research team had reported that the durability of carbonation is improved by filling voids due to the saponification reaction of oil and concrete. The purpose of this study was to have experimental investigation the effect of mock-up experiment on the carbonation resistance of the waste concrete admixture.

Background: Leonurine is a the aerial part of Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn, which has been used as a traditional medicines and is registered in the Korean Pharmacopoeia.Methods and Results:In the present study we performed a heavy metals and thin layer chromatography and measured loss on drying, as well as the contents of total ash, acid-insoluble ash, ethanol soluble compounds, and leonurine, using 15 domestically collected L. japonicus samples. The methods were performed according to the ‘crude drugs test of the general test, processes and apparatus’, published by MFDS, Korea (2014). The purity test (heavy metals) indicated that levels of Pb and Hg were 0.35 - 3.64, and 0.001 ppm, respectively, whereas the levels of As and Cd were undetectable, and stachydrine was identified by thin layer chromatography (Rf : 0.15). We found that 5.93 - 10.62% (average: 8.58 ± 1.8%) of the sample mass was lost during drying, and the contents of total ash, acid-insoluble ash, ethanol soluble compounds, and leonurine were 7.87 - 10.84% (average: 9.62 ± 0.82%), 0.99 - 1.76% (average: 1.38 ± 0.24%), 16.70 - 23.11% (average: 19.49 ± 2.14%) and 0.04 - 0.17% (average: 0.11 ± 0.04%) respectively. In addition, HPLC profiling detected leonurine (5.94 min), rutin (16.43 min) and myricetin (26.78 min).Conclusions:We hope that this the rusult of the present study will contribute to the standardization and quality control of Korean herbal medicines.

본 연구에서는 국내 산출 고령토자원의 문화재 단청안료의 대체원료로써 활용 가능성을 시험 하기 위하여 X-선 회절분석, 색도측정, 현업종사자의 단청시공 및 평가, 촉진내후성시험, 방염성능시 험 등을 실시하였다. 시험결과를 종합하면 고품위의 광석에 비하여 장석의 함량이 높으며 38.1 μm 이 하의 작은 입자들로 구성된 광석일수록 백색 안료 고유의 용도로 시공에 유리하며, 시공 시편의 백색 도와 은폐력 및 옥외 폭로 시 내구성 등에서 호분, 산화지당 등 기존 안료들과 유사하거나 크게 떨어 지지 않는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 잠재적인 화재 위험도와 가연성을 평가한 방염성 시험에서는 장석 함량이 높은 시료가 비교군 안료들에 비하여 더 양호한 수치를 기록하였다. 결론적으로 미립의 장석 질 백토와 저품위 고령토를 백색의 안료로 활용할 경우 기존 백색 안료제품과 유사한 채색특성과 내 후성 및 더 우수한 방염성을 가지면서 경제성까지 갖춘 원료로 활용가능 할 것으로 기대된다.

본 연구에서는 국내 산출 고령토자원의 문화재 단청안료의 대체원료로써 활용 가능성을 시험 하기 위하여 X-선 회절분석, 색도측정, 현업종사자의 단청시공 및 평가, 촉진내후성시험, 방염성능시 험 등을 실시하였다. 시험결과를 종합하면 고품위의 광석에 비하여 장석의 함량이 높으며 38.1 μm 이 하의 작은 입자들로 구성된 광석일수록 백색 안료 고유의 용도로 시공에 유리하며, 시공 시편의 백색 도와 은폐력 및 옥외 폭로 시 내구성 등에서 호분, 산화지당 등 기존 안료들과 유사하거나 크게 떨어 지지 않는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 잠재적인 화재 위험도와 가연성을 평가한 방염성 시험에서는 장석 함량이 높은 시료가 비교군 안료들에 비하여 더 양호한 수치를 기록하였다. 결론적으로 미립의 장석 질 백토와 저품위 고령토를 백색의 안료로 활용할 경우 기존 백색 안료제품과 유사한 채색특성과 내 후성 및 더 우수한 방염성을 가지면서 경제성까지 갖춘 원료로 활용가능 할 것으로 기대된다.

This study was conducted to compare the community structure and biodiversity of ground-dwelling invertebrates between conventional and organic paddy fields’s levees. Ground-dwelling invertebrates were collected using a pitfall trap every month for two years (2010-2011) in levees of conventional and organic paddy fields. The numbers of species and individuals were higher in organic paddy field than in conventional paddy field. For the pests, the treatment of insecticide and herbicide reduced the number of Delphacidae, and Chrysomelidae, but did not affect the other pests such as Chronomidae, Culicidae, Thripidae, and Aphididae. For the natural enemies, the treatment reduced the number of individuals of most of enemy's taxon (except only one taxonomic group, Ichneumonidae) in the levee of conventional paddy field.

A survey was performed to present a scheme for building a healing forest park inside a city in consideration of the fact that healing forests are located in non-urban areas because of their nature, and are therefore not conveniently accessible to urban population (n=196). As a result, among 196 respondents to the survey, 74.5% indicated that it was necessary to build an urban healing forest park. In the case of the expected usage pattern, were an urban forest park to be built, the largest proportion responded that it would be used to “walk”, followed by “rest and meditation” and then “meeting/talk/date”. An analysis showed that the largest proportion responded that they factor in “Accessibility” (48%), followed by “Park condition” (16.8%), and “Vegetation type” (12.2%). According to the analysis of usage preference for healing therapy, it was shown that the largest proportion preferred “Terrain therapy” (37.8%), followed by “Exercise therapy” (19.9%), and “Naturopathy” (18.9%). The factor anlaysis of usage preference regarding urban healing forest park facilities showed that the components were divided into “Operation facilities” and “Natural healing space”, and the largest proportion preferred “Trails for healing”, followed by “Space or forest for meditation” and “Health promotion center”, and then “Facilities for a exercise therapy”. In building an urban healing forest park, we think that it is effective to introduce zones and facilities in consideration of park characteristics that are centered on everyday behaviors, such as taking a walk, which differ from those of healing forests located in non-urban areas.

From the previous research, as a solution of carbonation of high-volume SCM concrete, outstanding performance of emulsified refined cooking oil with applying on the surface of the concrete was suggested. As a comparative study, the aim of this research is evaluating carbonation resistance and pore structure of high-volume SCM concrete depending on the painting substances of emulsified refined cooking oil and modified silicate base permeating paint, which is commercial product by mock-up test.