The family Tineidae (Lepidoptera), known as fungus moths or tineid moths, contains more than 3,500 species in over 320 genera (Robinson & Nielsen, 1993). It has been known 26 species in 17 genera from Korea (Byun et al., 2009). In this study, two species, Monopis congestella (Walker) and Harmaclona tephrantha (Meyrick), are reported from Korea for the first time. According to Nasu et al. (2008), larvae of M. congestella were founded from nests of Goshawk and Ural Owl and the species distribute South-East Asia and Japan. The genus Harmaclona is known from the Oriental, Ethiopian Regions and the New World but only from China in North-East Asia (Huang, 2010). The adult photos and genitalia illustrations of those two species are provided.

Cydia Hübner is a large genus in the family Tortricidae, including over 230 described species worldwide (Brown, 2005) and mainly in the Holarctic region. Nine species of the genus reported from Korea. We found a new species of Cydia feeding on the cones of Picea jezoensis (Siebold et Zucc.) Carrière in Mt. Deogyu. The adults and the early stages of Cydia picicola sp. nov. are described and illustrated from Korea. The life history and larval feeding habits are briefly discussed.

Genus Spilonota is a small group of the family Tortricidae, including over 29 described species worldwide (Brown, 2005). Most larvae of the genus feed on various plant families including Pinaceae, Rosaceae, Leguminosae, Betulaceae, Salicaceae, and Juglandaceae, with economical importance (Park, 1983, Zhang & Li, 2005). Even though this genus has been relatively well investigated in East Asia: five species from South Korea (Byun et al., 2009); ten species from China (Zhang & Li, 2005); eight species from Russian Far East (Kuznetsov, 2001); thirteen species including four unidentified species from Japan (Kawabe, 1982, Oku, 2003), it has been very poorly studied from North Korea with only two recorded species to date (Razowski, 1999, Byun et al., 2009) The aim of the present study is to clarify the fauna of the genus Spilonota from North Korea, including two new records, based on the material deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary (HNHM). In the present study, the author examined all available material from North Korea. In this study, four species of Spilonota are recognized. Among them, two species, Spilonota lechriaspis Meyrick, 1932 and Spilonota ocellana (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775), are reported for the first time from North Korea. A key to the species is provided. Photos of adults and the genitalia are provided with brief comments on the distribution.

Bae et al. (2008) made a illustrated catalogue of the family Pyralidae in Korea, including 349 known species up to date. During the survey of the lepidopterous insects in Jeju island, we found two unrecorded species, Daulia afralis Walker and Herpetogramma cynaralis Walker, from Korea. In this study, we report the two newly recorded species with illustration of adult and genitalia, including available information on distributional range and synonymy. The material examined is now deposited in the Natural History Museum, Hannam University. The genitalia of the species were mounted in Euparal media and photographed with a AxioCam MRc 5 digital camera attached to a Carl Zeiss microscope, with an Axio Imager A1. The color standard for the re-description of adults was based on the Methuen Handbook of Colour.

The tribe Oxyptilini Bigot et al. 1998 (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae) consists of fifteen genera with more than 100 species worldwide. Almost half of them are mainly distributed in Palaeartic Region, others are in Afrotropical, Oriental, and Nearctic regions, and less than 10 species are in Australiasian, Neotropical, and Pacific regions (Gielis 2003). Nevertheless, it has been poorly known in the Asian part of Palaeartic region, with five species in Japan (Yano 1963), two species in Russia (Sinev 2008), and one species in China (Li et al. 2003). In Korea, only one species, Stenodacma pyrrhodes (Meyrick 1889), has been reported from North Korea (Arenberger 1991). During this study, four genera (Capperia Tutt, Oxyptilus Zeller, Procapperia Adamczewski, and Tomotilus Yano), are recognized for the first time from Korea, and a new generic combination of Tomotilus celebrates (Merick 1932), comb. nov., is proposed.

The first checklist of the North Korean insects was presented by Zhu (1969), and it included 34 species of Tortricidae. From the early 1970s to the late 1980s, the Hungarian Natural History Museum (HNHM) had conducted zoological expeditions to North Korea under cooperative scientific research agreements (Park & Lee, 1992). These expeditions added significant information to our knowledge of the fauna of North Korea, including a large numbers of Lepidoptera. Based on the entomological collection of Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, we report three species of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera), Ancylis melanostigma Kuznetsov, Eucoenogenes japonica Kawabe, and Eucosma glebana (Snellen) for the first time from North Korea. Photos of adults and the genitalia of the newly recorded species are provided with brief comments on the distribution. Also taxonomic accounts for the species are given.

Systematic studies within the family Pterophoridae have been determined by external morpholgical characteristics (Yano 1963, Spuler 1910, Meyrick 1910). However, it is sometimes to be the result of species misplacement by the variation, depending on geographic isolation and genetic drift (Moran, 1986; Shufran et al., 2000; Anstead et al., 2002; Margaritopoulos et al., 2006). The genus Platyptilia Hübner [1925] is one of the largest genera of the family comprising more than 100 species according to the World’s Catalog by Gielis (2003) mainly distributed from Palaearctic and Afrotropical regions. Within the genus, Platyptilia ignifera has been suspected as very differentiated from other congeneric species in the morphological characters. In this study, to ascertain a placement of the species, we performed molecular analysis with one mitochondrial gene, COI and one nuclear gene, 28S, and morphometric analysis based on six ratios characters using principal components analysis (PCA). The sequences of the two genes, COI, 28S, implied that Platyptilia ignifera separated from Platyptilia spp. In addition, P. ignifera exhibited morphological characteristics distinct from other congeneric species. Based on these results, we propose that Neoplatyptilia gen. nov., for Platyptilia ignifera.

The genus Promalctis Meyrick, 1908 is the largest genus of the family Oecophoridae, with more than 150 described species in the world (Wang et al., 2009; Du et al., 2009). The genus is mainly distributed in the Palaearctic and Oriental regions, probably with the highest diversity in the South and East Asia. However it has been very poorly studied to date, with only with only 4 publications which were based on very limited collecting. In total, 76 were reported from China, which is more than half of the known species in the Palaearctic region(Wang, 2006; Du et al., 2009), 14 species known from Korea (Park & Park, 1998), 12 species from Japan (Fujusawa, 2002), 8 species from Russian Far East (Lvovsky, 1976, 1985, 1986), and 3 species from Nepal (Lvovsky, 2000a). In the Oriental region, since Meyrick (1908a, 1908b) described 14 species from India and Myanmar, Lvovsky (2000a, 2000b) described 25 additional species from the southern Asia, including the southern part of China, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. In Vietnam, only 4 species, Promalactis albiapicalis Lvovsky 1997, P. buonluoi Lvovsky 1997, P. fansipanella Lvovsky 2007, and P. suzukiella (Matsumura 1931), have been described to date(Lvovsky, 1997, 2007a). The aim of this study is to describe six new species of Promalactis based on material mainly collected in the northern part of Vietnam. Adults, head parts, wing venations, and the male or female genitalia of the new species are illustrated.

Linnaemya Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) is one of the largest genera of the subfamily Tachininae with more than 149 described species in the world. In Korea, only three species have been known to date. In this study, the genus Linnaemya in Korea was reviewed. All available material was examined to identify the species of the genus. Based on the present study, we described a new species. Also ten species are reported for the first time from Korea: L. comta, takanoi, tessellans, ambigua, kanoi, zachvatkini, picta, pallidohirta, scutellaris, and lateralis. We provide a generic key, illustrations, and photos of the species of the genus. A phylogenetic analysis was also conducted to infer interspecific relationships among Korean Linnaemya species using a software, PAUP, with an outgroup Lypha dubia.

The family Epermeniidae (Lepidoptera) is a small family with more than 100 described species in the world (Gaedike, 1996). It is divided into two subfamilies, Epermeniinae and Ochromolopinae (Dugdale et al., 1999). Although this family comprises species with variously shaped wings from broad to narrow lanceolate, it is characterized by stiff bristles on the whole surface of the hind tibia. Another character, one or more scale teeth on the dorsum of the forewing seems to be another apomorphy for the family. However, some species lack these teeth by secondary loss (Kuroko, 2006). The family has been poorly known from Korea to date. The first record of Epermeniidae in Korea was Epemenia strictella (Wocke), by Park (1983), on the basis of specimen collected in the Suwon, Province Gyeonggi. Since this report, no research has been conducted on this family in Korea. This study is based on the recent survey on the Microlepidoptera by Korea National Arboretum(KNA) to clarify the fauna of microlepidoptera of Korea. In this study, we report two species of the family Epermeniidae, Phaulernis chasanica and Ochromolopis sp., for the first time from Korea along with illustraton of adults.

In this study, a zygaenid speies, Artona martini Efetov, was reported for the first time from Korea. Recently we collected numerous larvae of the species, feeding on bamboo, Pseudosasa japonica (Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.) Makino, in Hongneung arboretum of Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul. This species is very similar to Artona (Balataea) funeralis (Butler) in appearance, which was recorded first from Korea by Witt (1985). Because the two species is very similar to each other in appearance and host plants, it will be need to examine and compare the Korean materials of the two species. But there is no available specimen of Artona (Balataea) funeralis (Butler), which was reported by Witt (1985) for the time being. They have two generations per year in Korea: The moths of first generation fly during the middle of May to middle of June and the second generation during the late of July to the early of August respectively. Also Sasa borealis (Hack.) Makino was recorded as host plants of the species from Japan (Yamaguchi & Arita, 1960). The external morphology was examined and illustrated. Materials examined herein are now preserved in the Korea National Arboretum.

We reviewed the tribe Oidaematophorini from the Korean peninsula. Fourteen species of 5 genera are recognized including new species, Hellinsia chuncheonensis sp. nov. and H. cyrtoacantha sp. nov. Five species are also reported as new to Korea: Adaina microdactyla (Hübner [1813]), Hellinsia ishiyamanus (Matsumura 1931), H. kuwayamai (Matsumura 1931), H. nigridactyla (Yano 1961) and Oidaematophorus iwatensis (Matsumura 1931). All the available information, including distributional ranges and biology of each taxon, is provided. The keys to the genera and species of Oidaematophotini is given. Illustrations of the images and male and female genitalia are provided.

The genus Tetramoera Diakonoff (Tortricidae: Olethreutinae) is small group, including 6 species worldwide (Brown, 2005). Among them, 4 species, T. flavescens Kuznetsov, T. isogramma Meyrick, T. paragramma Meyrick, and T. schistaceana Snellen, have been described from the Oriental region in the early 20th century. And the other two species, T. gracilistira Turner, and T. leptalea Diakonoff were reported from Australia and South Africa respectively. During the course of the study on North Korean Tortiricidae based on the material deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary, one species of the genus Tetramoera Diakonoff was found. In the present study, the genus Tetramoera Diakonoff, is reported for the first time from the Korean Peninsula. Also a new species, Tetramoera bongwaensis sp. nov., is described as new to science. Photographs of the adults and male genitalia are presented.

The genus Alucita Linnaeus, 1758 belongs to the family Alucitidae, which is well known as the many- or multi-plumed moths. Up to date, 186 species have been recorded from the world (Gielis 2003). In East Asia, the genus Alucita L. has been investigated by various researchers to date: 5 species from Japan (Hashimoto 1984); 3 species from Russian Far East (Ustjuzhanin 1999). Recently Byun (2006) reviewed the Korean Alucitidae with a new species and two new records from Korea. However, it has been poorly known from China, including only one species, Alucita niveodactyla Pagenstechen from Guangdong, southern part of China (Hua 2005). In the present study, we found a new species of the genus Alucita L. from the Northern part of China. The purpose of this study is to describe the new species, Alucita baihuashanensis sp. nov.

Genus Hellinsia Tutt, 1905 is the largest group of the tribe Oidaematophorini (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae, Platyptilinae). The genus is mostly distributed in the Neotropical region and Nearctic region, and partly in the Palaearctic and Afrotripical regions, with more than 190 described species from all over the world (Gielis, 2003). Among them, approximately 30 species of the genus Hellinsia Tutt have been reported in the Palaeartic region, including 9 species of Japan, 14 of Russia, and 15 of China. However, it has been poorly known from Korea to date, with only 4 known species: 2 species (H. lienigianus (Zeller) and H. distinctus (Herrich-Schffer) from South Korea (Park 1993, 1994) and 2 species (Hellinsia albidactylus (Yano) and H. lateolus (Yano)) from North Korea (Arenberger, 1991). This study is aimed to review all known species of the genus Helinsia Tutt in the Korean Peninsula, with three previously unrecorded species: Hellinsia ishiyamanus (Matsumura), H. Kuwayamai (Matsumura), and H. nigridactyla (Yano). Material examined in this study are preserved in the Insect collection, Korea National Arboretum, Korea. Consequently, 7 species, in total, are recorded from the Korean Peninsula.

The family Gracillariidae belonging to Gracillarioidea comprises more than 2,000 described species of 75 genera in the world (Davis & Robinson, 1999). The members of the family are mostly small-sized moths, which can be distinguished by a short (2-10mm in length) and lanceolated narrow wing with prominent cilia. The larvae of the family have been known as leaf-miner and hypermetamorphic development in larval stages. In Korea, it has been recorded 39 species of 11 genera by several researchers (Nakayama & Okamoto, 1940; Ko, 1969; Park, 1975; Park et al. 1977; Kumata & Park, 1978; Park, 1983; Kumata et al., 1983; Park & Han, 1986). Recently, Sohn (2007) reported 6 species without descriptions and detail information for the species. However, it is necessary to investigate and review the Korean Gracillarid moths, due to their lack knowledge from Korea to date, comparing with Japanese fauna, which contains 225 known species from Japan (http://www. jpmoth.org/). In this study, three species, Cloptilia heringi Kuroko, Phyllonryeter cavella (Zeller), and P. tritorrhecta (Meyrick), of the family Gracillariidae aree reported for the first time from Korea.

The first list of the family Tortricidae from North Korea was provided by Zhu(1969), including 16 species of the subfamily Olethreutinae. There had been no research on this group, until the report of Park and Byun (1991) with 9 additional species. And Jaros et al.(1992) reported 17 previously unrecorded species, including 4 of Eucosmini. Byun et al. (1998) made a illustrated catalogue of Korean Tortricidae containing 350 species. In 1999, Razowski provided a list of 358 tortricid species in the Korean Peninsula, including 87 species of the subfamily Olethreutinae from North Korea. Among them 29 species of the tribe Eucosmini were included as them to be distributed in North Korea. In this study, we report eight previously unrecorded species of the tribe Eucosmini from North Korea, based on the examination of the material deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum. The species, which are known for the first time from North Korea in this study, are as follows. 1. Ancylis melanostigma Kuznetsov 2. Ancylis sativa Liu 3. Eucoenogenes japonica Kawabe 4. Eucosma glebana (Snellen) 5. Notocelia rosaecolana (Doubleday) 6. Rhopobota ustomaculana (Curtis) 7. Spilonota ocellana (Denis et Schiffermüller) 8. Zeiraphera lariciana Kawabe

The family Pterophoridae (Lepidoptera) commonly known as 'plume moths' is cosmopolitanand comprises 1,136 species in the world (Gielis, 2003). Of these, approximately 250 species are known in the Palaearctic Region (Arenberger, 1995). In Korea, since two species of the family, Platyptilia rhododactyla (Denis et Schiffermller)) and P. suigensis Matsumura were reported by Matsumura (1931) and Park (1983) listed 7 species for the fauna of Korea, excepting P. suigensis, no additional species has been reported from Korea. The genus Nippoptilia, belonging to subfamily Platyptilinae,is a small group with only 7 described species in the world. Of them, 4 species Nippoptilia eochrodes (Meyrick), N. issikii Yano, N. minor Hori, and N. vitis (Sasaki) have been known in the Palearctic Region (Gielis 2003), distributing 3species from Japan (Gielis, 2003) and a single species from China, and N. vitis (Sasaki) from Korea respectively. This paper is aimed to review all known species of the genus Nippoptilia in Korea, based on material deposited in all available collections in Korea. All the type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Insect collection, Korea National Arboretum, Korea.

The family Heliozelidae belonging to Incurvarioidea, which is relatively primitive group, includes very small-sized moths with forewing length of 3-9mm, comprising 12 genera and about 106 species in the world (Heppner, 1991). It has a worldwide distribution mainly in the Nearctic and Australian regions. In Asia, thirteen species belonging to three genera of the family were reported from Japan, but almost it has not been known from Korea. Just one species, Antispila purpulella Kuroko, was recorded by Lee & Byun (2007). The family are leaf-miners through the larval stage and include several pests of fruit trees, such as grapes and apple. Larvae of Coptodisca splendoriferella (Clemens, 1859) mine into twigs of apple trees in America (Needham et al., 1928). In Japan, Antispila uenoi Kuroko, 1987 is known as a pest of grapes (Ueno, 1987). At least 13 plant families including Vitaceae, Cornaceae and Fagaceae have been reported as host plants of Heliozelidae (Davis, 1999). In this study, two unknown species, Heliozela castanella Kuroko, and H. limbata Lee et al., of the family Heliozelidae was reported based on the material collected from Prov. Gyeongnam and Gyeonggi.

We report a species of the tribe Eucosmini belonging to the family Tortricidae for the first time from China: Semnostola magnifisa (Kuznetsov) and add four species for the Northeast Chinese fauna: Ancylis badiana (Denis et Schiffermüller), Blastethia turionella (Linnaeus), Eucosma aemulana (Schläger), and Sillybiphora devia Kuznetsov. Also Rhopalovalva grapholitana (Caradja) is recorded for the first time from the Province Heilongjiang. Adults and genital characteristics for species are redescribed and illustrated. All available information for their host plants and distributional ranges are given.