This study examined the relationship between food safety culture and quality innovation performance within the food manufacturing industry, emphasizing the mediating role of organizational effectiveness. A conceptual framework was developed to define food safety culture across five sub-dimensions: executive leadership, employee engagement, communication, continuous improvement, and customer-focused orientation. Quality innovation performance was assessed in terms of quality improvement, customer satisfaction, and cost reduction. Additionally, organizational effectiveness, encompassing job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and innovation behavior, was also examined as a mediating variable between food safety culture and quality innovation performance. Survey data were collected from employees in food-related companies, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to empirically test the proposed relationships. The analysis reveals that food safety culture exerts a significant positive impact on quality innovation performance. Specifically, a strong food safety culture enhances quality innovation performance, both directly and indirectly, with the latter effect mediated through organizational effectiveness. These findings highlight the role of organizational effectiveness as a critical pathway through which food safety culture drives sustainable improvements in food manufacturing performance. This study offers both theoretical and practical contributions to the literature. From a theoretical perspective, this study advances the literature by linking food safety culture to quality innovation performance and organizational effectiveness, thereby deepening our understanding of how safety-oriented values and practices shape organizational performance. Practically, the results suggest that managers can improve quality and long-term competitiveness by fostering a strong food safety culture. Strategies such as reinforcing leadership commitment, encouraging employee participation, strengthening internal communication, promoting continuous improvement initiatives, and embedding customer-focused thinking are essential for institutionalizing a food safety culture into organizational routines. By implementing these strategies, companies can achieve both enhanced food safety while simultaneously strengthening long-term organizational sustainability.

Salmonella spp. 11 strains에 대해 저온 열처리(50oC) 3, 6, 9분 후 MIC값을 측정하여 항생제 내성을 알아보았다. Chloramphenicol에 대해 대조군과 열처리한 strains 대부분 에서 감수성(S)이 있는 것으로 나타났고, 열처리한 strains 의 MIC값은 대조군과 비교하였을 때 유지되거나 감소하 였다. Ciprofloxacin에 대해 대조군과 열처리한 strains는 대 부분 감수성(S)이 있거나 중간(I)을 나타냈다. Tetracycline 은 모든 strains에서 감수성(S)이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, S. Gaminara BAA 711에 대해 열처리 후 MIC값이 증가 하였다. Gentamicin에 대해 대조군 strains들에서 감수성을 나타낸 strains가 3 strains, 중간을 나타낸 strains 2 strains, 내성을 가진 strains가 6 strains였으며, 이 중 S. Heidelberg ATCC 8326는 MIC값을 측정했을 때 대조군에서 MIC값 이 8 μg/mL로 MIC break point가 중간이었으나, 3분과 9 분 열처리 후 MIC값이 16 μg/mL로 증가하여 break point 가 내성을 나타냈다. 본 실험결과 Salmonella spp. 11 strains 에 대해서 저온 열처리 후 열내성 효과에 의한 항생제 내성을 알아봤을 때 ciprofloxacin에서 S. Montevideo BAA 710을 3, 6분 열처리한 경우, gentamicin에서 S. Enteritidis 109 D1을 3분 처리한 경우와 S. Heidelberg ATCC 8326 을 3, 9분 처리한 경우, tetracycline에서 S. Gaminara BAA 711을 6, 9분 처리한 경우 MIC값이 증가하였다. 후속 연 구를 통해 Salmonella spp. strains에 대해 열처리 후 열내 성 효과를 나타내는 병원성 유전자의 특성에 대한 지속적 인 연구가 필요하다.

이 연구는 중국의 이미지 처리 소프트웨어 메이투를 중심으로 하여 기 술수용이론을 적용하고 확장하여 중국 사용자들의 이미지 처리 소프트웨 어 사용 의도에 대한 가능성을 탐구하는 것이다. 이를 위해 설문조사 방 법을 사용하여 사회의 다양한 계층의 다양한 그룹을 조사하고 수집한 데 이터를 분석했다. 연구 결과는 사용자의 사용 의도에 영향을 미치는 것 으로 나타났으며, 특히 사용자의 편리성과 유용성에 더해, 호기심과 자아 형상 일치성도 메이투 사용자의 사용 의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것 으로 나타났다. 본 논문의 연구 결과는 메이투와 같은 이미지 편집 소프 트웨어의 개발과 운영에 가치 있는 통찰을 제공할 수 있다.

In this study, lanthanum boron silicate glasses were prepared with a composition of x Li2O-(60-x)B2O3-5CaO- 5BaO-7ZnO-10SiO2-10La2O3-3Y2O3 where x = 1,3,5,7, and 9 mol%. Each composition was melted in a platinum crucible under atmospheric conditions at 1,400 °C for 2 h. Clear glasses with a transmittance exceeding 85 % were fabricated. Their optical, thermal, and physical properties, such as refractive index, Abbe number, density, glass transition (Tg) and Knoop hardness were studied. The results demonstrated that refractive index was between 1.6859 and 1.6953 at 589.3 nm. The Abbe number was calculated using an equation for 589.3 nm (nd), 656.3 nm (nf) and 486.1 nm (nc) and was observed to be in the range from 57.5 to 62.6. As the Li2O content increased, the glass transition temperature of the optical glass decreased from 608 °C to 564 °C. If glass mold pressing is performed using a material with a low transition temperature and high mechanical strength, then the optical glasses developed in this study can be completely commercialized.

In this study, Barium Germanium glasses were prepared with a composition of xBaO-(72-x)GeO2-8La2O3-20ZnO where x = 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0 and 24.0 mol% respectively. Their physical and optical properties, such as refractiveness index, glass transition temperature (Tg), softening temperature (Ts), transmittance and Knoop hardness were studied. The results showed that refractive index, Tg, Ts and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) increased with increasing BaO concentration. The refractive index of all the prepared samples was observed between 1.7811 to 1.7881. The Abbe number was calculated by formula using nd (589.3 nm), nf (656.3 nm) and nc (486.1 nm) and observed to be between 38 to 40. The Abbe number of the prepared sample was similar to that of BaO and GeO2. The transmittance of the prepared glasses was observed to be between 80 ~ 82 % throughout the range from 200 nm to 800 nm. Knoop hardness divided into seven steps were measured 5 class (≥ 450 ~ < 550) of all prepared samples.

This study investigates the interfacial reaction between powder-metallurgy high-entropy alloys (HEAs) and cast aluminum. HEA pellets are produced by the spark plasma sintering of Al0.5CoCrCu0.5FeNi HEA powder. These sintered pellets are then placed in molten Al, and the phases formed at the interface between the HEA pellets and cast Al are analyzed. First, Kirkendall voids are observed due to the difference in the diffusion rates between the liquid Al and solid HEA phases. In addition, although Co, Fe, and Ni atoms, which have low mixing enthalpies with Al, diffuse toward Al, Cu atoms, which have a high mixing enthalpy with Al, tend to form Al–Cu intermetallic compounds. These results provide guidelines for designing Al matrix composites containing high-entropy phases.

The purpose of this study was to examine the microbiological and physicochemical changes on packaged tofu stored at temperatures of 5, 13, 23, and 30oC, and measure the consumable period from the expiry date to ultimately evaluate the microbiological safety on the extension of the consumable period. From the investigation, the pH value of tofu at each storage temperature (5, 13, and 23oC) showed a slight decrease over the storage period, although there was no significant change. The hardness of packaged tofu decreased more rapidly as temperature and storage time increased and the tofu started to show signs of decomposition at the same time. Analysis on the microbial change of tofu at different storage temperature revealed that the number of general bacteria also increased as the temperature increased. It was further found that packaged tofu takes 25 days at 5oC, 7 days at 13oC, and 1 day at 23oC from the expiry date until the general bacteria count is at least at the early decomposition level which is 10oC log CFU/g. However, no coliform bacteria was detected from tofu after storing at 5, 13 and 23oC. When packaged tofu was stored at 5oC, the L value changed significantly after 26 days, whereas the a and b values showed no significant change during the storage period (P>0.05). When storing tofu at 13oC and 23oC the L value decreased after 8 and 3 days, respectively. However, both a and b values increased (P<0.05).

카드뮴과 같은 중금속은 독성이 높아 수서 생물과 인간에게 해로운 영향을 미친다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 해양 섬모충 Euplotes crassus에서 카드뮴이 해독 기전에 관여하는 ABC transporters (ABCs)와 glutathione S-transferase (GST)의 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향을 조사하였 다. 총 7개의 ABCs 유전자와 1개의 GST 유전자 일부를 클로닝하여 유전자 분석을 실시하였고, 카드뮴(0.1~1 mg/l) 노출에 따른 이들 유전자의 발현 양상을 quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 염기서열 분석과 계통 분석 결과 이들 ABCs 유전자가 ABC transporter의 특징을 가지며, ABC-B/C family에 속하는 것을 확인하였고, GST 유전자는 theta isoform과 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 카드뮴에 8시간 노출시킨 결과 ABC transporter 유전자의 경우 ABCB21 유전자를 제외하고는 대부분 농도 의존적으로 유전자 발현이 유의하게 증가하였 다. GST 유전자는 0.5 mg/l에서 가장 높은 유전자 발현 양상을 보였으며, 1 mg/l에서는 발현량 이 대조군 수준으로 감소되었다. 본 연구 결과는 E. crassus의 ABC transporter와 GST 유전자가 카드뮴에 의해 유도되는 독성에 대한 방어 기전에 참여하는 것을 의미한다.