Habitat environment and food sources of fish, benthic macroinvertebrates, and brown trout (Salmo trutta) downstream of Soyang River Dam were analyzed. Water temperature at the site where brown trout was identified ranged from approximately 12.4 to 13.4°C, confirming that this environment could provide an optimal water temperature for the growth of brown trout. Most of the riverbed structures at this site had a high proportion of cobble and pebble substrates. Brown trout constituted less than 5% of the total fish population, more abundant in the upstream. The total lengthweight relationship of brown trout showed a parameter b value of 3.234, with the condition factor (K) increasing with length. Dominant benthic macroinvertebrates were Limnodrilus gotoi and Chironomidae spp. (non-red type). Stomach content analysis indicated that brown trout primarily consumed aquatic insects (R.A., 73.8%), non-insects (R.A., 23.3%), ground insects (R.A., 2.7%), and fish (R.A., 0.2%, TL: 246 mm). Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between total length and species preferring flowing water (p<0.05) and a negative relationship of total length with species favoring low-flow, sandy habitats (p<0.05). Larger brown trout showed active feeding behavior and resilience to flow speed and riverbed structure. The primary food source for the largest brown trout (TL: 246 mm) was Hypomesus nipponensis. Future analyses should include brown trout with a total length of 30 cm or more. Given that samples were limited, comprehensive population management will require ongoing research.

This study conducted field surveys targeting benthic macroinvertebrates and fish in Andong Dam and Yeongsan River, with the specific aim of analyzing bluegill stomach contents. Bluegills in Andong Dam ranged from 40-220 mm, with 93.0% between 80-220 mm, while those in Yeongsan River ranged from 50-210 mm, with 71.4% between 120-210 mm. The highest feeding rates in both sites were for Chironomidae spp., with findings of 72.6% in Andong Dam and 80.4% in Yeongsan River. In Andong Dam, H. nipponensis and Baetidae sp. were also significant at 17.5% and 6.5%, respectively, while in Yeongsan River, Baetidae sp. (7.5%) and Hymenoptera sp. were the next most common at 3.8%. The EI index showed that bluegills generally avoided H. nipponensis and S. tsuchigae (-0.373 and -0.975) whereas they preferred Chironomidae spp. (0.759, 0.892) and Baetidae sp. (0.723). The parameter b values of the total length-weight relationship of bluegill were calculated as 3.452 in Andong Dam and 3.449 in the Yeongsan River, respectively. The slope values of the condition factor were 0.0067 in Andong Dam and 0.0065 in the Yeongsan River. Both values were positive, indicating that the nutritional status of bluegill was good. Aquatic insects constituted the primary food source, particularly in Yeongsan River. Feeding patterns did not significantly differ by habitat orientation groups, but Yeongsan River bluegills consumed more diverse food sources. In Andong Dam, larger bluegills likely consume food sources with larger biomass, while Yeongsan River’s diverse and abundant food sources support opportunistic feeding tailored to the water ecological environment.

Invasive predators are one of the most damaging species groups to biodiversity. In the Nakdong River, the lake skygazer Chanodichthys erythropterus is a dominant species that is fiercely carnivorous and a concern for commercial fish. Although it is important to understand the ecological characteristics related to the feeding habit, studies on the diets of lake skygazer in Nakdong River have been limited to studies of gut contents. In this study, the trophic position (TP) and feeding habits of C. erythropterus were studied by calculating TPs using samples collected from 13 sites throughout the Nakdong River. Compound-specific isotopic analysis of amino acids provided reliable TPs from the muscle of Lake skygazer C. erythropterus without any isotope baseline. The results were approximately 3 to 3.6 and suggesting a carnivorous but size-dependent prey variation. In particular, the TP variability of C. erythropterus observed in the Nakdong River showed that it had a selective feeding habit compared to carnivorous fish species of relatively similar trophic levels.

This study was conducted to select target fish species as baseline research for accumulation analysis of major hazardous chemicals entering the aquatic ecosystem in Korea and to analyze the impact on fish community. The test bed was selected from a sewage treatment plant, which could directly confirm the impact of the inflow of harmful chemicals, and the Geum River estuary where harmful chemicals introduced into the water system were concentrated. A multivariable metric model was developed to select target candidate fish species for hazardous chemical analysis. Details consisted of seven metrics: (1) commercially useful metric, (2) top-carnivorous species metric, (3) pollution fish indicator metric, (4) tolerance fish metric, (5) common abundant metric, (6) sampling availability (collectability) metric, and (7) widely distributed fish metric. Based on seven metric models for candidate fish species, eight species were selected as target candidates. The co-occurring dominant fish with target candidates was tolerant (50%), indicating that the highest abundance of tolerant species could be used as a water pollution indicator. A multi-metric fish-based model analysis for aquatic ecosystem health evaluation showed that the ecosystem health was diagnosed as “bad conditions”. Physicochemical water quality variables also influenced fish feeding and tolerance guild in the testbed. Eight water quality parameters appeared high at the T1 site, indicating a large impact of discharging water from the sewage treatment plant. T2 site showed massive algal bloom, with chlorophyll concentration about 15 times higher compared to the reference site.

Despite the consumption of disinfectants have been increased by COVID-19 pandemic, the fate of the chemicals in aquatic food webs are still unclear. In order to understand the trophic transfer of the chemicals, the concentration of disinfectants including six benzalkonium chloride (BACs) and five didecyldimethylammonium chlorides (DDACs) were measured at the Geum (2020), Han (2021), and Yeongsan River (2021), before and after rainfall. The highest concentration of ΣBACs (mainly C12 and C14) and ΣDDACs (mainly C10 and C14) were observed in the Han River, followed by Yeongsan River, Geum River Estuary, and Gapcheon. After rainfalls, both concentration and detection frequency were decreased in all sites. Although the BAC and DDAC seems to be accumulated in organisms, they were bio-diluted rather than magnified in the aquatic food web with the biomagnification factor (BMF) of less than 1, trophic magnification slope (TMS) from - 0.236 to 0.001, and trophic magnification factor (TMF) from 0.85 to 1.01.

해양사고의 감소를 위하여 국제해사기구(IMO) 체약국 정부에서 IMO 협약 및 규정에 대한 이행은 필수적이다. IMO 협약이행코 드(III Code)에서는 각 주관청에게 협약이행을 주기적으로 점검 및 평가하여 개선하는 체계를 갖추도록 요구하고 있으며 성과지표를 평가방 법에 포함하도록 요구하고 있음에 따라 회원국은 자국의 협약이행 평가를 위한 성과지표를 개발할 필요가 있다. 이에, 본 논문의 목적은 주관청의 협약이행 수준을 계량화하여 평가할 수 있도록 대표적인 평가측정 기법인 균형성과표(BSC) 및 핵심성과지표(KPI)를 활용한 평가 모델을 개발하여 제시하는 것이다. 논문의 결과로서, III Code 요건에 BSC 개념을 적용한 III-BSC 관점에서 수립된 비전의 달성을 위해 반드 시 확보해야 하는 핵심성공요인(CSF)을 도출하고, 도출된 CSF를 측정할 수 있도록 평가영역별 후보 KPI를 개발하여 4계층의 초기 연구모형 을 설계하였으며, SMART 기법을 활용한 조사설계를 통해 KPI의 타당성을 검증하여 연구모형을 완성하였다. 또한, 개발한 연구모형을 기반 으로 AHP 분석을 통해 각 계층별 요소의 가중치를 도출하여 BSC 기반 IMO 협약이행에 대한 평가모델을 개발하여 제시하였다. 개발된 평 가모델이 정량적으로 IMO 협약이행 수준을 파악하는 도구로 활용될 수 있으며, 이를 통해 IMO 회원국들의 협약이행 수준 개선에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

도선사가 되려는 사람은 선장 경력을 갖추고 도선수습생 전형시험과 도선사 시험에 합격한 다음에 해양수산부장관의 면허를 받아야 한다. 우리나라는 정부에서 도선 수요를 감안하여 도선사 면허의 수(數)를 제한하고 있어서 도선사 면허를 위한 도선수습생전형시 험은 절대적 평가기준 없이 응시자 시험성적에 따라 상대평가를 실시함에 따라 문제의 소지가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 도선사 시험제도 에 대한 문제점을 도출하여 개선방안을 제시하는데 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 도선사 시험제도 변천 내역을 조사하였고, 도선사 자격기준 에 관한 국제기준을 분석하고 현직 도선사 77명에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 연구의 결과로써 국내 도선수습생 전형시험의 개선방 안과 도선사 자격증명 제도개선의 단계적 실행방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과가 도선사 자격증명에 관한 정부의 정책 개발뿐만 아니 라 관련 학술적 기초자료도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

2007년 이후 세계적으로 해적 사건이 증가하고 있으며, 최근에는 기니만 해역을 포함하여 서아프리카 해역이 세계에서 가장 위험한 해역으로 대두되고 있다. 한국 정부에서는 우리 선원과 선박의 해적피해를 예방하기 2021년 8월 17일 「해적피해예방법」을 개정 하여 해적 고위험해역 및 위험해역을 새롭게 정의하고, 고위험해역에 선박의 진입제한 근거를 마련하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 개정 법률에 따라 정부에서 고시해야 할 해적 위험해역 및 고위험해역 설정 방안을 검토하여 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 해적사고 동향, 국제적 고위험해역 설정 현황 및 해적퇴치에 관한 국제적 대응 현황을 조사 및 분석하여 고위험해역 등을 설정시 고려해야 할 사항을 도출하고 이를 바탕으로 위험해역과 고위험해역의 지리적 범위를 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 제시된 해적 고위험해역 등에 관한 자료는 해적피 해 예방에 관한 정부의 정책 개발뿐만 아니라 학술적 기초자료도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.