Alternative investments and Financial technology (FinTech) businesses’ recent entry and quick expansion of new financial services have propelled banking institutions into operational innovation to secure sustainable competitive advantage. Recent increases in the number of academic articles devoted to the strategic facets of asset management were stimulated by significant changes in such a competitive environment. Organizations begin to understand that a strategic approach to asset management becomes a source of long-term survival in an unstable environment and sustained competitive advantages. This study reviewed trendy financial issues: alternative investments, Robo-advisor-based asset management, and related service research in the finance and financial engineering field from the perspective of the aforementioned financial service environment.

With the advancement of industrialization, modern industry had sophisticated technology, and manufacturers also demanded high-precision measurement accuracy. Improving the quality level by increasing the reliability of measurement results as well as accurate measurement is a key issue to increase the competitiveness of today's manufacturing industry. In general, measurement results depend on tolerances in the industrial field, and it may be difficult to guarantee the reliability of the data in the case of an industry that deals with precision parts. Currently, measurement uncertainty is mainly applied to the calibration and test fields of instruments. This study is aim to apply measurement uncertainty as a way to improve the accurate analysis and reliability of measurement results in the industrial field. For this, precision parts connected by shaft and hole were selected among geometric elements, and roundness and cylindricity were measured using a roundness measuring instrument and CMM. And, taking into account the environment in which these measurements were made, factors affecting the measurement results were derived, and a mathematical model was established to calculate the measurement uncertainty. Applying uncertainty in the field in this way is expected to improve the level of quality and accurate analysis of measurement results.

In the field of length, a gauge block is one of the representative gauges used as a standard for length. The main management items of the gauge block are central length, flatness, parallelism, hardness, and surface by visual inspection. The surface of the gauge block may wear over time due to repeated wringing. This phenomenon may deteriorate the precision accuracy and affect the reliability of the measurement results. In this study, the parameters of the surface roughness of the gauge blocks used repeatedly for about 10,000 hours were analyzed. The paired t-test of population mean difference was compared by using the gauge block that has changed over the years as a preliminary experiment and the gauge block with little frequency of use for less than 1 year as the reference value.

선충포식성 곰팡이는 선충을 포획하기 위하여 다양하고 특수한 기관을 사용한다. 국내 성주지역의 참외 경작지 뿌리 주변의 토양에서 3차원 접착 고리를 형성하여 선충을 포획하는 곰팡이를 분리하였다. 곰팡이의 미세형태 구조를 관찰한 결과 분생포자병은 직립형으로 길이는 290~528 (342.8) μm으로 길었으며, 계란형의 30.5 × 20.3 μm 크기를 가진 1~3개의 분생포자를 형성하였다. 균주의 rDNA의 5.8 S 영역의 염기서열을 분석한 결과, Arthrobotrys속의 계통군에 속하였으며, 특히 Arthrobotrys sinensis와 99%의 유사성을 보였다. 형태적 특징과 분자생물학적 계통 분석을 바탕으로 본 균주는 A. sinensis로 확인되었으며, 이는 국내 미기록종으로 식물기생성선충의 생물학적 조절을 위한 하나의 자원이 될 수 있다.

전국 과채류 시설재배지의 뿌리혹선충을 발생 현황을 2013년 부터 2015년에 조사한 결과 2,074개 포장중 42%의 검출율을 보였다. 작물별 뿌리혹선충의 검출율은 박과작물인 오이 44%, 수박 45%, 참외 42%, 멜론 31%, 가지과인 토마토 40%, 고추 41%, 장미과인 딸기 46%를 보였다. 지역별 시설재배지 뿌리혹선충 발생 현황은 중부지역은 184개 포장중 48.4%, 호남지역은 638개 포장중 30.3%, 영남지역은 1,252개 포장중 47.1%의 검출율을 보였다. 뿌리혹선 충이 감염된 토양중 132점 시료에 대하여 분자생물학적 방법을 이용하여 분류 진단한 결과 M. incognita 36.4%, M. arenaria 15.1%, M. hapla 46.2%, M. javanica 2.3%를 보였다.

All measurements include uncertain factors affecting the result in accordance with environment and conditions. In order to guarantee right decision making and quality improvement, these factors must be found and appropriate actions should be taken. This paper aims to estimate and analyze variabilities found in set-up and as well as measurement uncertainty when using CMM(Coordinate Measuring Machine). Two skilled operators were selected to individually measure a product which was a kind of main part of an engine called connecting rod cap. The results showed that at the least, 10 % was stable while at the most, 30 % was somewhat unstable regarding P, percentage of measuring errors. There was little difference between the two operators on measurement uncertainty expecially considering their degree of freedom based on their objective and subjective judgement of type B uncertainty despite the significant difference between them. Through this research, I have come to a conclusion that a much more detailed analysis on variation factors can be identified in general measurement by using CMM and the result of set-up variability demands specific investigation and efforts to improve operators’ skill or thorough examination on the method of setting product to minimize set-up variability later.

There can be included a variety of uncertainties in all measurement results whether we can perceive or not on the causes. These uncertainties may end up in lowering the reliability of measurement results and also deteriorate the level of quality. For the purpose, we tried to combine the strengths of measurement uncertainty and measurement system analysis together to present a practical flowchart so as to verify those potential variation factors in general measurement processes. As a case study, we did an experiment and gathered data on the length between two holes of an engine cylinder head which is a core part for vehicles with a coordinate measuring machine and estimated nine uncertainty factors of it. Consequently, it was identified that the four primary factors among the nine which were related to the measurement standard, random errors or spread of the repeat measurements, differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion and the environment especially had been the influence around the laboratory. Since it is impossible to analyze the equipment and appraisal variations respectively through the only measurement uncertainty, we have used the measurement system analysis following the flowchart. Showing the result of being just about 0.5 % lower for the appraisal variation, and the equipment variation occupied about 7% for the total Gage R&R. Through this research, we have come to a conclusion that much more detail analysis on variation factors can be possible to be identified in measurement processes by using the developed flowchart which is composed of measurement uncertainty and measurement system analysis. Therefore, we expect engineers who are involved in quality and measurements to utilize this developed method.

동부품종을 윤작작물로 도입하고자, 미국에서 선충저항성 윤작작물로 알려져 있는 동부(cowpea, Vigna unguiculata) 10품종 을 도입하여 국내 시설재배지에 가장 많이 분포하고 있는 두 종의 뿌리혹선충, Meloidogyne arenaria 와 M. incognita에 대한 저항성을 검정하였다. 땅콩뿌리혹선충(M. arenaria)에 대해서는 Texas Cream 40 한 품종이 중도 저항성을 나타내었고, 나머지 9품종은 모두 감수성이거나 중도 감수성이었다. 고구마뿌리혹선충(M. incognita)에 대해서는 Texas Cream 40, Purple Hull Pinkeye, Texas Pinkeye Purple Hull 등이 중간정도 이상의 저항성을 보였고 나머지 7품종은 감수성으로 나타났다. 이들 도입 동부 품종들의 뿌리혹선충 저항성반응은 미국과는 다르게 나타났으며 두 종류의 뿌리혹선충에 모두 저항성을 나타내는 품종은 없었다.

딸기잎선충(Aphelenchoides fragariae)에 감염된 딸기(Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. 장희에서 부위별로 감염 증상을 조사하였다. 감염주 전체의 딸기잎선충 밀도는 최고 23,293마리였고 감염된 딸기주는 정상포기에 비하여 속잎이 위축되게 나타났다. 특히 감염주의 꽃대 길이는 정상주에 비해 26%로 현저히 짧았으며, 심하게 감염된 포기로부터 꽃대에는 기형과가 형성되었다. 크라운, 잎자루, 잎, 꽃대, 꽃받침, 열매 등 부위별 딸기잎선충의 밀도를 조사한 결과 꽃받침에서 가장 높은 밀도(403마리/g)를 나타냈다.

전국 15개 분재원으로부터 송백류 분재, 화백(Chamaecyparis pisifera), 향나무(Juniperus chinensis), 육송(Pinus densiflora), 곰솔(Pinus thunbergii), 주목(Taxus cuspidata) 등 총 6종, 55점의 분재를 수집하고, 이를 잎, 줄기, 뿌리, 토양으로 나누어 부위별로 선충의 종류 및 밀도를 조사하였다. 분재에 서식하는 선충은 주로 토양과 뿌리에 분포하였으며 특히 뿌리에서 85.5%로 높은 검출율을 나타내었고 총 7목 21속의 선충이 발견 되었다. Tylenchida목에서는 Tylenchus 속이 가장 많았고, 다음으로 Ditylenchus 속, Aphelenchoides 속, Aphelenchus 속, Criconemoides 속, Pratylenchus 속, Helicotylenchus 속, Hemicycliophora 속, Mesocriconema rusticum, Tylenchorhynchus 속, Paratylenchus 속 순이었다. Rhabditida목에서는 Cervidellus 속, Diploscapter coronatus, Panagrolaimus 속 순이었으며, Dorylaimida목에서는 Dorylaimus속 그리고 Alaimus속 순이었다. Triplonchida목에서는 Tripyla 속 그리고 Diphtherophora 속이 발견되었으며, Monhysterida목에서는 Monhystera 속이, Mononchida목에서는 Mononchus 속, Plectida목은 Plectus parietinus가 발견되었다.

땅콩뿌리혹선충(Meloidogyne arenaria)에 저항성인 녹비작물을 선발하기 위하여 콩과 녹비식물 9종, 비콩과 녹비식물 9종을 시험하였다. 콩과식물 녹비작물 중에서 네마장황과 알파파는 땅콩뿌리혹선충에 저항성을 보였으나, 검정콩3호, 등갈퀴, 레드클로버, 새완두, 세스바니아, 크림슨클로버, 헤어리비치 등은 모두 매우 감수성으로 나타났다. 비콩과 녹비식물 중에서 메리골드, 들묵새, 수단그라스, 숙근천인국, 하우스솔고, 호밀은 땅콩뿌리혹선충에 저항성이었고, 보리와 유채는 감수성이었다. 따라서 뿌리혹선충의 피해가 우려되는 포장에 사용 가능한 녹비식물은 콩과 식물로는 네마장황과 알팔파, 비콩과 식물로는 메리골드, 들묵새, 수단그라스, 숙근천인국, 하우스솔고, 호밀이다.

There can be included a variety of uncertainties in all measurement results whether we can perceive or not on the causes. These uncertainties may end up in lowering the reliability of measurement results and also deteriorate the level of quality. For the purpose of finding and improving these causes , we tried to combine the strengths of measurement uncertainty and measurement system analysis together to present a practical flowchart so as to verify those potential variation factors in general measurement processes. Through the case study we have come to a conclusion that we can expect engineers who are involved in quality and measurements to utilize this developed method.

식물기생성선충으로 인한 피해를 경감시키고 예방하기 위한 방안으로 본 연구는 고추 시설하우스 재배지역의 토양 내 선충 발생 양상과 분포 및 밀도 조사를 하였다. 밀양시 부북면, 무안면 그리고 상남면의 고추 시설재배 32 농가의 56개 하우스로부터 71점의 토양 샘플을 수집하여 고추 재배 연작 연수 및 고추 재배 시기 등에 따른 식물기생선충의 분포와 밀도를 비교 분석하였다. 농가의 방제제 사용으로 인하여 고추 재배 연작 연수와 선충 밀도와의 유의성은 없었다. 선충의 발생 양상은 뿌리혹선충, 참선충, 둥근꼬리선충, 창선충, 위축선충 그리고 부식성선충을 포함한 기타 선충이 검출되었다. 식물기생성 선충들 중 뿌리혹선충의 밀도가 가장 높았다. 밀양시 고추 시설재배지 중 부북면, 무안면, 상남면의 순으로 뿌리혹선충의 밀도가 높은 경향을 나타내었다.

Increasing specific power, torque and high responsibility have come to the fore as the important strategy of reducing fuel consumption in vehicle engines. Therefore, the boosting performance of various boosting devices has been investigated using a diesel engine simulation program. For the comparison of boosting performance, the simulation result of a naturally aspirated 2.0 liter engine is used as a basis. Subsequently, the boosting effects of single turbocharger, single supercharger and 2-stage boosting system combined with a turbocharger and a supercharger are compared at the same engine condition. The simulation results show that the 2-stage boosting system can attain lower specific fuel consumption and higher air mass flow. In low engine speed range, a supercharger mainly leads higher boosting performance with higher responsibility in the combined boosting system.