A food waste disposer is an electrically powered device installed under a kitchen sink. It is located between the sink’s drain and the trap which shreds food waste into tiny pieces so that they can go through plumbing. Use of this unit is convenient and hygienic for discharging food waste in kitchen. Nevertheless, this unit has been illegal until now in Korea because of both conflict with the government’s policy-resource recovery from food waste-and perceived threat to the city’s sewer system. An attempt was made recently to meet growing need to introduce this unit for advantage of using disposer and maintenance of sewer system, etc. So an attempt was made to introduce the food waste disposer system of ‘treatment type before discharging to sewer’, but it was inappropriate for conditions in Korean. In this study, we developed a suitable disposer system for Korea based on an innovative solid recovery technology. And continuous operating experiments were carried out to evaluate the performance of the system for 18 days. The amount of food waste fed into the system was equivalent to the daily amount of food waste made from 30 households living in apartment units, which was calculated to be 14.44 kg/day. After grinding, SS/TS of food waste was 60 percent and it was the maximum amount of solid that could be recovered using this system. In the system of solid collection type using screw press, more than 70 percent of suspended solids were recovered. And less than 20 percent of total soilds were discharged through wastewater and it satisfied the legal standard of Korea. This novel food waste disposer system will satisfy with both the government’s environmental policy and higher quality resource recovery from food waste in the facilities.

With total four lysimeters, having a decreased reaction rate of municipal solid waste (MSW) through the 1st study, the effects of foodwaste leachate (FWL) injection on the degradation of MSW and FWL were estimated for 533days. Average methane potential of FWL injected in lysimeters investigated through the Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP)test was 368.2 mL-CH4/g-VS. The amounts of methane generated in lysimeters injected simultaneously with FWL and leachate were higher than that of FWL injected each lysimeter. The pH levels of leachate generated in each lysimeter maintained a range of 7.2 ~ 8.1. CODCr concentrations were 1,640 ~ 2,275 mg/L initially, and were rising to 4,640 ~ 5,950 mg/L as increasing FWL injection amount. Whereafter those repeated fluctuation in a range of 2,400 ~ 5,600 mg/ L as methane productions in each lysimeter increase. BOD5/CODCr ratios were kept below 0.1 during the test period. Settlement analysis results of MSW in each lysimeter indicated that the simultaneous injections with FWL and leachate in each lysimeter promoted the degradation of not only FWL itself, but MSW. This became clear when the methane balance in lysimeter under rich-organic condition is established.

Sugar, starch and lignocellulosic biomass has been mainly used as raw materials for the production of the bioethanol. However, the sharp fluctuation of grain prices, a threat of world famine, and hardly biodegradable substance like lignin contained in lignocellulosic materials make the pre-processing of the biomass complicated in several aspects. As a result, the focus of attention has now shifted to the ‘third biomass’ such as algae, which has a high value of energy recovery. In this study, a kind of macroalgae and its characteristic were surveyed and then, the physical, biological, chemical, combined, and hydrothermal pretreatments for its hydrolysis were deeply considered. Consequently, the macroalgae could be more effectively hydrolyzed at the combined process such as the hydrothermal-chemical or biological treatment, chemical-biological treatment and so on than the single process like the biological pretreatment.

댐이 위치하고 있는 유역에서도 신규 수자원 확보에 대한 필요성은 계속 제기되어왔고, 이에 따라 기존 댐에 대한 용수공급능력의 재평가의 필요성도 제기되어져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 댐의 하류 용수수요 증가에 따른 추가용수공급 가능 여부를 판단하기 위하여 다목적댐의 용수공급능력을 재평가하였고, 이에 따른 추가용수공급 가능량을 산정하였다. 대상댐은 낙동강의 안동댐 및 임하댐을 선정하였다. 저수지운영모형으로는 표준운영률을 사용한 모형과 HEC-ResSim을 사용하였으며 1979년부터 2008년까지 30년 동안 저수지 단독운영을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 용수공급능력의 평가기준인 이수안전도는 신뢰도 96.7%, 95.0%의 연단위 및 월단위 평가를 기준으로 설정하였다. 신뢰도 95.0%의 연단위 평가 시 안동댐의 경우 용수공급 가능량이 연간 893백만m3로 산정되었고, 임하댐의 경우 연간 382백만m3로 산정되어 안동댐 및 임하댐 모두 기본계획공급량에 비하여 용수공급능력이 부족한 것으로 나타났다.

Limonoid UDP-glucosyltransferase (LUGT)는 리모노이드에 포도당을 붙여줌으로써 궁극적으로 감귤에서 발생하는 limonoid bitterness를 제거해 주는 효소이다. 본 연구에서는 10종의 제주산 감귤로부터 LUGT유전자를 PCR 클로닝하고 그 염기서열을 비교했다. 실험에 사용한 모든 종에서 카르복실기 말단에 식물 당전달 효소에서 발견되는 전형적인 아미노산 서열인 p1ant secondary product glyco