The present study aimed to investigate rapid weight loss (RWL) and consequent physical and psychological challenges among judo athletes at the national athlete training center in 2017. The following results were obtained. Judo athletes used weight loss methods such as “gradually reduce meal portion,” “skip meals,” “limit water intake,” “wear sweat suit for training,” and “use sauna,” and had physical and mental distress from such unhealthy weight management practices. Information about weight loss was obtained from “colleagues or senior athletes,” “Internet,” and “head coach or coach,” and not experts such as nutritionists or physicians. Thus, athletes are recommended to employ healthy weight control methods based on advice from experts, such as nutritionists and physicians

Mycetophagids, the family of primitive tenebrionoid beetles, are commonly fugivorous. They mainly feed and inhabit in the fruiting bodies of higher fungi, fungus-grown bark, and moldy vegetative materials. Some species are associated with a large variety of moldy substances and are found both outdoors in natural environments and indoors in association with a variety of stored products. They are not serious pests, and their presence is usually indicative of poor storage conditions and moldy produce. There are only five Mycetophagidae species previously recorded for Korea, Mycetophagus antennatus (Reitter 1879), M. ater (Reitter, 1879), M. hillerianus Reitter, 1874, Typhaea pallidula Reitter, 1874, and T. stercorea (Linnaeus 1758). In the course of this study, 60 specimens from 12 sites of Korean Mycetophagidae were examined. We reviewed taxonomically four genera and nine species in Korea. Among them, four species including Eulagius ussuriensis Nikitsky, 1988, Litargus japonicus Reitter, 1877, Mycetophagus irroratus (Reitter,1879), and Mycetophagus pustulosus (Reitter,1889) are newly recorded in Korea. We also obtained additional bionomic data for the seven species including their host fungi and habitat based on field observations and laboratoryrearing data in part.

Allomyrina dichotoma is a typical pet beetles in Korea. From 2010, similar symptoms of milky spore disease were found collectively in grubs of the species reared in insect farms. They shared a specific symptom that the skin of last instar larvae was changed softer with opaque white and infested grubs eventually died. To clarify the cause of the symptom, we collected the larvae of A. dichotoma from five farms and examined intestinal bacterial florae of them using pyrosequencing technique. From those results, a member of Paenibacillus was found only in the larvae showing the symptom of disease. Through PCR analysis using a Paenibacillus specific primer set, we obtained the partial 16S rRNA gene sequence and confirmed the microbe as Paenibacillus sp. For detailed characterizing, a whole guts was extracted from each larva showing the sign of the disease and incubated at 70℃ for 15 min to isolate spore forming bacteria. After then, each content of guts was cultured on MYPGPNAL agar medium (12.5 μg/ml of nalidixic acid) at 30℃. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis for six isolate showed that they were closely related to P. rigui (97.5~98.0% similarity) and to P. chinjuensis (95.9~96.6% similarity). Additional tests including API test and cellular fatty acid composition analysis were performed, but the strain couldn’t be identified at species level, suggesting it may represent novel species of the genus Paenibacillus.

This study was conducted to identify an insect species in Genus Ostrinia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) that gave serious damage to the red bean, Vigna angularis. The species has ever been described as O. zaguliaevi in the previous presentation (Jung et al., 2010). Because, however, inconsistent information has been recognized for the species, we reviewed characteristics in morphological, molecular and sex pheromone levels, and host-range. Male genitalia had 3-lobed uncus and tibia of midleg showed massive type. The morphology indicated that the species might be one of O. zaguliaevi, O. scapulalis and O. zealis. Partial nucleotide sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ) and Ⅱ genes were not identical with those of the 3 species in GenBank, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of COⅠ was not identical with that of O. zealis. In the 23 analyses that sex pheromones were checked, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate, which was reported in the sex pheromone components of both O. zaguliaevi and O. zealis, was not detected at all. An intensive study in Japan has reported that the feeding habit of O. scapulalis is polyphagous, while that of O. zaguliaevi is monophagous (only in Petasites japonicus) (Ishikawa et al., 1999). After considering all these information, we concluded that it is reasonable to decide that the insect species in the red bean in Korea is O. scapulalis.

This research focuses on the relationships among customer satisfaction, delight, and loyalty. Although customer delight is one facet of an affective evaluation that can be predicted from customer satisfaction as cognitive component of the evaluation, there is no empirical examination on the casual relationship among customer satisfaction, delight, and loyalty. This study aims at addressing this gap in the service literature. The research questions are (1) How is customer satisfaction related to customer delight? and (2) Does customer delight matter in the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty? Data from a survey of consumers across upscale restaurant and retail bank in Korea were obtained. Our results show that customer satisfaction contributes positively to customer delight, and that customer delight plays a significant role in the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty. This chained relationship from customer satisfaction to customer delight to customer loyalty suggests that achieving customer delight represents one of the underlying pathways through which basic or core requirements expected by customers are satisfied. Our finding suggests that service firms need to monitor and manage their levels of customer delight as a performance metric, and delighting customers may be an important strategy to build competitive advantage through customer loyalty.

최근 다엽콜리메이터를 부착한 선형가속기를 이용한 방사선수술의 빈도가 점차 높아지고 있다. 이러한 정교한 방사선 수술은 소조사면 내에 고선량의 방사선이 집중적으로 조사되기 때문에 체계적이고 정확한 정도관리가 필수적이다. 본 연구는 PIB(Particle in Binder) 방식 중 침전법을 이용하여 400 ㎛ 두께의 요오드화납(PbI2)과 요오드화수은(HgI2) 광도전체 센서 시편를 제작하였다. 제작된 시편의 전기적 특성은 암전류, 출력전류, 응답특성 및 선형성을 평가하였다. 평가 결과, HgI2 가 우수한 신호발생량과 선형성을 보였다. 끝으로, 두께에 따른 HgI2 센서의 신호반응 특성 결과, 400 ㎛ 두께에서 신호발생효율이 가장 높았고, ±2.5 % 이내의 우수한 재현성을 보였다.