가막만 북서내만해역에서 매년 여름 발생하는 빈산소수괴는 해양환경에 악영향을 미쳐왔다. 따라서, 본 연구는 빈산소수괴 발 생시기의 집중적인 현장조사 결과를 바탕으로 다중회귀분석(MRA)을 이용하여 빈산소수괴의 종합적인 발생 메커니즘을 밝혀내고, 그 주 요인에 따른 빈산소수괴 관리방안의 방향성을 모색하였다. 그 결과, 2017년 첫 빈산소수괴는 6월 26일에 발생하였으며, 기상 조건에 의한 수온약층의 형성과 퇴적된 유기물의 영향으로 형성되었다. 이어 7월 12일에는 강우량의 증가에 의한 염분약층의 형성으로, 조사 시기 중 빈산소수괴가 수직 및 수평적으로 가장 크게 확장되었다. 그리고, 8월 8일에는 소량의 강우로 빈산소수괴가 크게 약화되었으며, 이때 주 요인은 Chlorophyll-a 농도 증가(식물플랑크톤 증식)과 퇴적된 유기물이었다. 그리고, 약 1주일 후인 8월 16일에는 많은 강우량에 기인한 매우 안정된 염분약층과 Chlorophyll-a 농도 증가(식물플랑크톤 증식)에 의해 크게 확장된 빈산소수괴가 재발생하였다. 이후 9월 13일의 빈산 소수괴 소멸시기에서는 빈산소수괴가 해저 면을 따라 얕게 확장되었으며, 퇴적된 유기물에 의해 주로 영향을 받은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 빈산소수괴 관리를 위해서는 퇴적된 유기물의 개선뿐만 아니라 성층의 완화 기술이 필요함을 암시하였다.

부산 남항은 도심 속의 다기능 항만으로 공동어시장, 선박수리소, 연근해 및 원양어선 접안시설 등이 설치되어 산업 활동이 활발하다. 산업 활동으로 인해 발생한 유해화학물질이 해저퇴적물에 지속적으로 유입되어 축적되면 수생생태계와 인간에게 영향을 끼칠 수 있다. 따라서 부산 남항에서 2013년 11월(1차), 2014년 11월(2차)에 8개 정점을 선정하여, 해저퇴적물 중 다환방향족탄화수소류(PAHs), 폴리 염화비페닐(PCBs), 부틸계유기주석화합물(BTs)를 분석하여 부산 남항의 농도분포 특성 및 유입원을 밝혀내고자 하였다. 연구 지역에서 PAHs의 평균 농도는 1차, 2차 조사에서 각각 4174.0 ng/g-d.w., 1919.0 ng/g-d.w., PCBs의 평균 농도는 1차, 2차 조사에서 각각 166.3 ng/g-d.w., 21 ng/g-d.w.를 보였으며, BTs의 평균 농도는 1차, 2차 조사에서 각각 50.9 ng/g-d.w., 30.8 ng/g-d.w.를 나타내었다. 유기오염물질의 검출농도는 1차에 비해 2차에서 해저퇴적물 수거로 인해 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 본 조사에서 PAHs, PCBs, BTs 유입원은 각각 연소기원, 육상기원, 도시하수 또는 산업폐수에 의한 기원을 확인 할 수 있었다.

Seasonal characteristics of water and sediment qualities and potential effects of the freshwater discharge from a small tide embankment interior in a coastal area in Goheung county were investigated from May to September in 2012. Chemical oxygen demand values (COD) were mostly higher than 2 mg/L in summer ebb tide, which exceed the standard value of water quality criteria II of acceptable level for aquaculture activities. Nitrogen and phosphorus were found as the limiting nutrients for algae growth in summer and fall and in spring, respectively. Nitrogen was the limiting nutrient for diatom growth in the whole studied period. The sudden high values of COD, ammonia, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) were found in water sample collected from station 5 which located in front of the tide embankment sluice gate during spring ebb tide. The freshwater discharge form the tide embankment interior maybe affected the survey areas during a short time interval. Mean values of eutrophication index of the surveyed coastal region in spring, summer and fall were all bigger than 1. Water quality was mostly considered at level II which acceptable for aquaculture activities. Sediment quality in this study was generally in the range of standard for fisheries environment.

한려해상국립공원 동부지역에 속해 있는 5개의 섬(지심도, 내도, 윤돌도, 송도, 갈도)에 대한 식물상을 2010년부터 2011년까지 조사하였다. 본 연구 대상지역에 분포하는 관속식물의 출현은 지심도는 85과 195속 219종 24변종 2품종 3아종 246분류군, 내도는 72과 127속 131종 12변종 143분류군, 윤돌도는 56과 73속 73종 10변종 1아종 84분류군, 송도는 33과 63속 64종 6변종 70분류군, 갈도는 47과 84속 84종 7변종 1품종 1아종 93분류군으로 모두 105과 272속 334종 39변종 4품종 3아종으로 총 380분류군이 출현하였다. 산림청 지정 희귀식물은 7종이 출현하였으며, 특산식물은 6종이 출현하였고, 식물구계학적 특정 식물종은 Ⅰ등급에는 42종류, Ⅱ등급에는 1종, Ⅲ등급에는 25종류, Ⅳ등급에는 4종류, Ⅴ등급에는 4종류로 총 76종류가 출현하였다.

In recent years, environmental pollution by pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the aquatic environment is of great concern worldwide. Recent studies have been reported to occur in a variety of environmental organisms such as surface, drinking and ground water, soils, sediments and hospitals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and environmental behavior of fourteen human PPCPs in surface waters of Mankyung River in South Korea. We were conducted to field survey for water quality and PPCPs analysis at November, 2006. PPCPs were analyzed by liquid chromatograph coupled with a tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS). The concentration of COD was measured to be 2.37～19.71 mg/L, which was belong to 4～5 grade in water quality criteria of lake. Station 2 that there is no pollution in upper stream, was appeared to lower concentration. The concentration of TN and TP, that is cause matter of eutrophication, were found to be 7.78～35.42 mg/L and 0.08～0.95 mg/L, respectively, which were exceeding 5 grade in Lake water quality criteria. The 11 kind of PPCPs compounds except levofloxacin and triclosan were detected to Mankyung river. PPCPs concentrations of STP(Sewer Treatment Plant) effluents and aquatic environment in Mankyung river have been detected in the range from dozens of ng/L to hundreds of μg/L that by order of atenolol, carbamazepine, propranolol, Ibuprofen, erythromycin, ifenprodil, clarithromycin, mefenamic acid, fluconazole, indomethacin, disopyramide. PPCPs concentration of Station 1 and 5, which was influenced by Jeonju STP and Wanju STP, was detected high values. Station 2 that there is no pollution, showed lower values. Station 3 which joined Gosan stream and Jeonju stream and station 4 which influenced by stock wastewater was detected to low values.

This study was carried out to survey the pollution of nonylphenol (NP) in surface sediments around Gwangyang bay and Yeosu sound. NP was suspected chemicals as endocrine disruption. Gwangyang bay is located on the mid south coast of Korea. It is a semi-closed bay which Yeosu petrochemical industrial complex, POSCO (Pohang Steel Company) and Gwangyang container harbor are there. The surface sediments were collected at 15 stations with gravity corer at October, 1999, February, May and August, 2000. Also, the stream and intertidal sediment were collected at 5 sites at August, 2000. Concentrations of NP in surface sediments were in the range of 6.89 to 202.70 ng/g dry wt.. Seasonal range (mean value) of NP is 13.98 to 30.48 (23.46) ng/g dry wt. at October, 10.35 to 54.91 (28.10) ng/g dry wt. at February, 29.05 to 202.70 (82.32) ng/g dry wt. at May and 6.98 to 83.40 (25.37) ng/g dry wt. at August. NP was seasonally fluctuated, and the highest mean value and range was detected at May, 2000. NP was highly distributed in the inner part of Gwangyang bay than Yeosu sound. Concentrations of NP in stream and intertidal sediments showed the highest value in downstream near Yeosu petrochemical industrial complex and Yondung stream. It suggests that the source of NP is industrial wastewater and municipal sewage.

The objective of this study is understanding and evaluation of temporal and spatial variation of pollutant loads by input sources for water quality management in Kamak Bay. Flow rate of rivers and ditches ranges from about 2,592-63,072㎥/d in October to 864-55,296㎥/d in January. In particular, the R2 predominated flow rate among input sources. Total COD, BOD, DIN and DIP loadings in January were about 896kg/d, 718kg/d, 2,152kg/d, and 154kg/d, respectively, which exceeded those of October. Lower POC/TOC levels are estimated in R2, and also in October. Temporal variation of pollutant loads were closely related to the human activity. Total discharging loadings of BOD, TN and TP by unit loading estimation were 4,993.0kg/d, 2,558.7kg/d, and 289.2kg/d, respectively, and were mainly affected by the population. Runoff ratio of BOD was about 0.14 in January. Mean NH4+-N and PO43--P loadings from sediment were 16.23㎎/㎡/d and 7.26㎎/㎡/d, respectively. For the improvement of water quality in this area, not only pollutant loads of rivers and ditches but also benthic flux from sediment should be reduced within the limits of the environmental capacity.