경상남도 사천시와 남해군에 속하는 10개 도서의 식물상을 조사하여 향후 기후변화에 따른 식물상의 기초자료를 얻고자 수행하였다. 10개 도서의 관속식물은 113과 359속 512종 9아종 35변종 7품종 563분류군이 출현하였다. 그중 양치식물은 10과 12속 18종 1변종 19분류군, 나자식물은 4과 8속 10종 10분류군, 피자식물은 99과 339속 484종 9아종 34변종 7품종 534분류군이 출현하였다. 희귀식물은 10과 10속 10종 10분류군으로 CR등급은 목련, VU등급은 주목, 모감주나무, 범부채 3분류군, LC등급은 측백나무, 새박, 갯방풍 등의 6분류군이 출현하였다. 한국특산식물은 닥나무, 해변싸리. 처진물봉선 등의 11과 11속 10종 1품종 11분류군이 출현하였다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 55과 86속 87종 7변종 94분류군이 출현하였다. Ⅴ등급은 목련, Ⅳ등급은 가시나무, 섬딸기, 피막이 등의 10분류군, Ⅲ등급은 바위손, 구실잣밤나무, 붉가시나무 등의 26분류군, Ⅱ등급은 모람, 번행초, 갯장구채 등의 17분류군, Ⅰ등급은 실고사리, 봉의꼬리, 푸조나무 등의 40분류군이 출현하였다. 침입외래식물은 사방오리, 약모밀, 유채 등의 40과 91속 104종 1아종 1변종 106분류군이 출현하였다. 도시화지수는 26.17%, 귀화율은 18.83%로 나타났다. 생태계교란식물은 3과 5속 5종으로 환삼덩굴, 도깨비가지, 돼지풀, 가시상추, 양미역취 등의 5분류군이 출현하였다.

Sexual dimorphism is the most conspicuous difference between the sexes. This study examines possible sexual dimorphism and the relative growth patterns of morphometric characteristics in the marine medaka, Oryzias dancena for their potential to help differentiate between males and females of this species. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated by a non-linear regression method were L∞=30.2 mm, K=3.22/year, and τ0=-0.05. All 18 characteristics measured showed a difference between males and females from 70 days after hatching. Each of these characteristics were significantly different between sexes (ANCOVA, P<0.05), and the ratio of standard length between sexes showed that males were larger than females for all five morphometric measurements. Fin length measurements were taken for 21 distances of anal fin and 7 distances of dorsal fin between landmarks. There were all differences for all dorsal fin rays between the males and the females and there is significant difference in 70 days after their hatch when the sexual dimorphism is presented. The significant difference (P<0.05) in fin ray for male and female was more greatly seen as they grow. Male marine medaka showed more rapid growth than females, with longer length, dorsal fins and anal fins. Differences in these characteristics will be useful during experiments when it is necessary to differentiate between sexes of marine medaka.

Background : Recently, there is a urgent demand for development of new varieties with enhanced resistance to various biotic/abiotic stresses. In order to develop ginseng varieties with such traits, systematic breeding program and comprehensive field studies are prerequisite. Methods and Results : ‘Cheonmyeong' seeds were collected in 2008 from the farmer field of Buyeo. Physiological investigation and propagation were conducted from 2009 to 2011. It was given the name 'Eumseong No. 8 through the observed yield trial from 2012 to 2013 and local adaptability was carried out from 2014 to 2015. All phenotypes including agronomic characteristics, seed yield, and physiological response to biotic/abiotic stresses were investigated according to the ginseng GAP and UPOV guidelines. Yellow-red leaf and pink berry at maturing stage were observed. The time of emergence, flowering and berry maturity of the ‘Cheonmyeong’ were faster than those of ‘Chunpoong’. Stem length of ‘Cheonmyeong’ was shorter than that of ‘Chunpoong’, whereas stem diameter was thicker than that of ‘Chunpoong’. Main root length was shorter but main root diameter is thicker than that of ‘Chunpoong’. Number of seeds of ‘Cheonmyeong’ was fewer than that of ‘Chunpoong’ but 1,000-seeds weight and stratification rate were higher than those of ‘Chunpoong’. The yield performance of this variety was 661 kg/10 a in local adaptability test for two years, which is 22% higher than that of ‘Chunpoong’. ‘Cheonmyeong’ showed strong resistance to phytophthora blight, mulberry mealybug and nematode and moderate resistance to alternaria blight. ‘Cheonmyeong’ did almost not occur yellow spot of aerial part and rusty skin of root, show moderate resistance at high temperatures. Conclusion : Our study demonstrated that ‘Cheonmyeong’ is an ideal variety with heavier root weight and enhanced stress resistance and contribute will enhance biotic/abiotic stress resistance and increase the farmers' income.

Background : The purpose of this study was to evaluate methods to high quality medicinal vegetables, thereby increasing farm income. This study investigated the effects of different covering material and weed eliminating on stable foliage production in Peucedanum japonicum Thunberg. Methods and Results : method of weed elimination with covering material were conducted under four condition compose to Non covering(4～6 times by manual weed control), Barley straw cutting covered with 700㎏․10 a−1, Rice straw cutting covered with 500㎏․10 a−1, Rice husks covered with 1,000㎏․10 a−1. Fermented mixed oil cake compost applied at 380㎏․10 a−1, 60% of basal fertilizer in March 14, 40% of top dressing were four times application in April 14 ～July 15. Sowing dates were March 25, 2015. Plants were spaced 15 ㎝ apart in rows 15 ㎝ apart with open cultivation. Conclusions : Rice husks covering < Barley straw covering < Barley straw covering cultivation this order, aerial part as a result were plenty amount of growth. Weed the rates was 12 to 29% lower incidence. Green leaf yields is uncovering control plot (915 kg․10 a−1) compared to 2% from covering rice husks, barley straw and rice straw covering increased to 18%, 20%, respectively.

Background : The purpose of this study was to evaluate methods to high quality medicinal vegetables, thereby increasing farm income. This study investigated the effects of different organic fertilizer and applicated cultivation on stable foliage production in Peucedanum japonicum Thunberg. Methods and Results : method of application with organic fertilizer were conducted under nine condition compose to control(non application), N-P2O5-K2O (20-12-10)㎏․10 a−1, Hyphal incubation compost(HIC) applied at 851㎏․10 a−1, Hangawi organic compost(HOC) applied at 547㎏․10 a−1, Fermented mixed oil cake compost(FMOC) applied at 380㎏․10 a−1, 60% and 40% of basal fertilizer in March 12, top dressing were four application in April 12, May 12, June 13 and July 12, respectively. Sowing dates were March 23, 2015. Plants were spaced 15 ㎝ apart in rows 15 ㎝ apart with open cultivation. Conclusions : chemical fertilizers < hyphal incubation compost < hangawi organic compost < fermented mixed oil cake compost application, top dressing than 60% in order of 40% additional fertilizer, aerial part as a result were so many such amount of growth as number of leaf per plant, etc., Green leaf yields is untreated control plot (875 kg․10 a−1) compared to 12% from using chemical fertilizers, HIC application 18% higher, HOC application 20% higher, and FMOC application increased to 28% of the most.