본 연구에서는 1톤 용량의 배아미를 생산할 수 있는 중형 배아미 생산시스템의 설계, 개발 그리고 평가를 목표로 하였다. 개발된 배아정미기는 연삭과 마찰의 혼합방식으로 제조되었다. 배아미 생산시스템의 형태는 2대의 직렬 입형 배아정미기로 구성하였으며, 배아부착율, 백도, 싸래기율을 조사하였다. 또한, 연삭식, 마찰식, 연삭과 마찰의 혼합방식에 따라서 각각 배아미의 배아부착율, 백도, 싸래기율도 조사하였다. 본 시스템은 1단계 배아정미기에서는 연삭과 마찰의 혼합방식으로 미강을 깍은 후, 2번째 배아 정미기에서는 쌀의 배아가 떨어지지 않도록 미세 미강을 제거하면서 쌀의 백도를 높이도록 개발되었다. 배아정미기 시작기에서는 축 롤러 부분의 금강석 연삭돌을 3개, 스크린부에는 6개의 연삭돌을 설치하였고, 각각의 정미기 롤러축의 회전속도는 960 rpm과 780 rpm으로 하여 배아 부착율과 백도를 높였다. 그 결과, 약 20%의 배아 부착율을 증가시킬 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 배아부착율은 현미의 함수율과 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 함수율 15.2±0.1%인 시료로 실험한 결과, 투입량 약 600 kg일 때 배아부착률은 약 70%를 나타내었다. 둘째, 배아미의 백도는 정미기 롤러축의 회전속도 960 rpm 과 780 rpm 조건으로 운전하였을 때 각각 35, 37 백도로 향상시킬 수 있었다. 셋째, 싸래기율은 본 시스템에서 1% 미만으로 나타냈다. 본 연구에서 개발된 연식마찰식 배아정미기를 평가해본 결과 배아부착율, 백도, 싸래기율을 효과적으로 개선할 수 있었고 30%의 에너지 이용을 절감할 수 있었다.

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare disease characterized by the presence of retroperitoneal tissue marked by chronic inflammation and prominent fibrosis. A 67-year-old man presented with general weakness and oliguria. Laboratory findings showed blood urea nitrogen 77.7 mg/dL, serum creatinine 9.24 mg/dL, and an IgG4 level within the normal range. Computed tomography (CT) findings showed bilateral hydronephrosis and distal ureteral obstruction due to fibrotic adhesion to a presacral mass. Laparoscopic biopsy was performed. The authors report a case of acute kidney injury caused by non-IgG4 related focal retroperitoneal fibrosis in the pelvis that was successfully treated using prednisolone and tamoxifen… non-IgG4 related focal retroperitoneal fibrosis caused byacute kidney injury.

Micrococcus lutus is common gram-positive aerobic cocci present in soil, water, dust, and the skin of humans and animals. A 72-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a complaint of abdominal pain and a turbid peritoneal dialysate. He was empirically treated with intraperitoneal (IP) cefazolin and ceftazidime. Seven day after admission, Gaffkya species was identified from the peritoneal effluent. He was treated with same organism one month ago and discharged with the dialysis catheter intact. So, we suspected that organism is true pathogen, and identified M. luteus by culture. We changed the antibiotics to cefoxitin, which were given for the total of 14 days. This is the first report of relapsing peritonitis by M. luteus and successful treatment without catheter removal.

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is a syndrome of intrinsic renal injury secondary to ischemic or toxic causes without parenchymal damages and usually non-oliguria. A 20-year old man presented with acute renal failure preceded by 2 days of watery diarrhea. He had been anuria for 48hr with intravenous fluid therapy. Oliguria persisted for 10 days and he required hemodialysis support for 6 days before renal recovery. He denied the use of any regular medication and any intravenous drug use. Renal biopsy revealed severe ATN. Histopathologic findings were marked desquamation of proximal tubular epithelial cells with intact distal tubules and normal glomeruli. We report an unusual case of ATN with anuria and clinically severe features.

Hydroureter could occur in a state where the whole ureter was remarkably expanded. The causes of occurrence are anatomi-cal urinary tract obstruction or vesicoureteral reflux, and it could occur unilaterally or bilaterally according to its reason. A 38-year-old man presented with left flank pain. Abdominal CT showed a severely atrophied left kidney and a large retroperi-toneal cyst near the left kidney. The pathologic finding showed that the cyst wall is composed of transitional epithelium, lamina propria, muscle, and adventitia, and final diagnosis was hydroureter. The unilateral marked hydroureter misdiagnosed as a retroperitoneal cyst was quite rare. We report on this rare case with literature.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution is currently used to prepare the colon before colonoscopy. Hyponatremic encephalopathy is a condition with neurologic symptoms such as headache, vomiting, confusion, seizure, and sometimes respiratory arrest. A 55-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with generalized tonic-clonic seizure and mental change after ingestion of PEG solution 2 L with water. Serum sodium concentrations was 115 mmol/L. After correction with hypertonic saline for 12hrs, serum sodium concentration reached 129 mmol/L and mental status recovered. We experienced a case of acute hyponatremic encephalopathy resulting from ingestion of PEG solution 2 L for colonoscopy.

Peritonitis is a common, major complication in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and tuberculous (TB) peritonitis has been reported to constitute 1-2% of all peritonitis cases. In CAPD patients, TB peritonitis is often diagnosed late and has a high mortality rate. In a recent recommendation made regarding the treatment of TB peritonitis, primary removal of a peritoneal dialysis catheter has been advised in addition to anti-TB drugs. Here, we describe two cases of TB peritonitis in CAPD patients successfully treated without peritoneal dialysis catheter removal.