본 연구는 세계적으로 점점 애완 식품 시장이 발달하고 있음에 따라 천연물을 소재로 하여 치석, 치태를 감소시킬 수 있는 기능성 수제 간식을 개발하고 그것을 통하여 구강의 건강을 개선하고자 진행하였다. 연구에 사용된 개들은 주변 학우들에게 연구에 대하여 설명을 해주고 동의한 학우들의 개들에 통하여 진행하였다. 간식 급여 기간은 2016년 5월 11일 ~ 25일까지 2주간 급여를 진행하였고, 체중을 기준으로 급여하였다. 지표를 이용하여 치석, 치태의 축적도를 관능검사로 평가하였다. 상이한 대상을 통한 연구로 인하여 정확하지 못한 실험 결과를 초래 하였다. 이를 확인하기 위한 적절한 동물들의 사용과 재료에 대한 연구와 실험방법, 실험기간을 제대로 확립한다면 치석, 치태 감소에 좋은 새로운 소재라 생각한다.

본 연구에서는 1톤 용량의 배아미를 생산할 수 있는 중형 배아미 생산시스템의 설계, 개발 그리고 평가를 목표로 하였다. 개발된 배아정미기는 연삭과 마찰의 혼합방식으로 제조되었다. 배아미 생산시스템의 형태는 2대의 직렬 입형 배아정미기로 구성하였으며, 배아부착율, 백도, 싸래기율을 조사하였다. 또한, 연삭식, 마찰식, 연삭과 마찰의 혼합방식에 따라서 각각 배아미의 배아부착율, 백도, 싸래기율도 조사하였다. 본 시스템은 1단계 배아정미기에서는 연삭과 마찰의 혼합방식으로 미강을 깍은 후, 2번째 배아 정미기에서는 쌀의 배아가 떨어지지 않도록 미세 미강을 제거하면서 쌀의 백도를 높이도록 개발되었다. 배아정미기 시작기에서는 축 롤러 부분의 금강석 연삭돌을 3개, 스크린부에는 6개의 연삭돌을 설치하였고, 각각의 정미기 롤러축의 회전속도는 960 rpm과 780 rpm으로 하여 배아 부착율과 백도를 높였다. 그 결과, 약 20%의 배아 부착율을 증가시킬 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 배아부착율은 현미의 함수율과 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 함수율 15.2±0.1%인 시료로 실험한 결과, 투입량 약 600 kg일 때 배아부착률은 약 70%를 나타내었다. 둘째, 배아미의 백도는 정미기 롤러축의 회전속도 960 rpm 과 780 rpm 조건으로 운전하였을 때 각각 35, 37 백도로 향상시킬 수 있었다. 셋째, 싸래기율은 본 시스템에서 1% 미만으로 나타냈다. 본 연구에서 개발된 연식마찰식 배아정미기를 평가해본 결과 배아부착율, 백도, 싸래기율을 효과적으로 개선할 수 있었고 30%의 에너지 이용을 절감할 수 있었다.

해양에서 발달하는 강수시스템의 연직풍에 따라 변동하는 해양성 에어러솔의 입경별 특성을 알아보기 위하여 마라도에서 남서쪽으로 419 km 지점에 위치한 이어도 해양종합과학기지에서 2009년 6월 8일부터 22일까지 에어러솔수 농도와 연직풍 관측을 실시하였다. 에어러솔 수 농도와 연직풍은 레이저입자계수기와 초음파 3차원 풍향 풍속계를 이용하였으며, 지상일기도, NCEP/NCAR 재분석자료, 라디오존데 자료를 이용하여 종관상태를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 전체적으로 1.0 μm 이상의 크기의 에어러솔 수 농도 분포가 강수 중에 크게 변동하였으며, 하강류에서 상승류로 연직풍이 변함에 따라 크게 증가하였다. 강수 중에는 큰 입자(1.0 μm 이상)의 에어러솔 수 농도가 약 5배 증가하였고, 이때 상승류가 약 0.4 ms-1로 나타났다. 또한 축적모드(1.0 μm 미만)와 큰 입자(1.0 μm 이상)의 에어러솔 수 농도는 강수 중과 비교하여 약 45%와 92%가 제거되었다. 이는 독립된 해양지역에서의 큰 입자(1.0 μm 이상) 에어러솔 수 농도 증가는 수평풍 보다는 상승류에 의해 크게 영향을 받고, 강수에 의한 세정효과도 나타났다. 따라서 해양경계층 내 에어러솔의 생성 및 발달 메커니즘에 상승류의 영향이 크게 기인함을 알 수 있었다.

Nano-indium-coated ZnO:In thick films were prepared by a hydrothermal method. ZnO:In gas sensors were fabricated by a screen printing method on alumina substrates. The gas sensing properties of the gas sensors were investigated for hydrocarbon gas. The effects of the indium concentration of the ZnO:In gas sensors on the structural and morphological properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. XRD patterns revealed that the ZnO:In with wurtzite structure was grown with (1 0 0), (0 0 2), and (1 0 1) peaks. The quantity of In coating on the ZnO surface increased with increasing In concentration. The sensitivity of the ZnO:In sensors was measured for 5 ppm CH4 gas and CH3CH2CH3 gas at room temperature by comparing the resistance in air with that in target gases. The highest sensitivity to CH4 gas and CH3CH2CH3 gas of the ZnO:In sensors was observed at the In 6 wt%. The response and recovery times of the 6 wt% indiumcoated ZnO:In gas sensors were 19 s and 12 s, respectively.

ZnO nanorods for gas sensors were prepared by a hydrothermal method. The ZnO gas sensors were fabricated on alumina substrates by a screen printing method. The gas-sensing properties of the ZnO nanorods were investigated for CH4 gas. The effects of growth time on the structural and morphological properties of the ZnO nanorods were investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The XRD patterns of the nanocrystallized ZnO nanorods showed a wurtzite structure with the (002) predominant orientation. The diameter and length of the ZnO nanorods increased in proportion to the growth time. The sensitivity of the ZnO sensors to 5 ppm CH4 gas was investigated for various growth times. The ZnO sensors exhibited good sensitivity and rapid response-recovery characteristics to CH4 gas, and both traits were dependent on the growth time. The highest sensitivity of the ZnO sensors to CH4 gas was observed with the growth time of 7 h. The response and recovery times were 13 s and 6 s, respectively.

Bi co-doped ZnS:Mn,Bi yellow phosphors for white light emitting diodes were prepared by the conventional solidstate reaction method. The optical and structural properties of ZnS:Mn,Bi phosphors were investigated by x-ray diffraction, scanning electro microscopy and photoluminescence. ZnS:Mn,Bi phosphors showed XRD patterns of hexagonal structure. The photoluminescence of ZnS:Mn,Bi phosphors showed spectra extending from 480 to 700 nm, peaking at 580 nm. The photoluminescence of 580 nm in the ZnS:Mn,Bi phosphors was associated with the 4T1 → 6A1 transition of the Mn2+ ions. The highest photoluminescent intensity of the phosphors under 405 nm and 450 nm excitation was obtained at Bi concentration of 7mol%. The optimum mixing conditions with epoxy and yellow phosphor for white light emitting diodes were observed in a ratio of epoxy:yellow phosphor of 1:3.5. The CIE chromaticity of the white LED at the 1:3.5 ratio was X = 0.3454 and Y = 0.2449.

In this study, the antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Amphidinium carterae ethanol extract (AE) was evaluated for using as a functional food ingredient. Chlorella ethanol extract (CE) was used to the comparison as a control. Anticancer activities of the AE and CE were analyzed by HepG2 and HT-29 human cancer cell. The AE showed antimicrobial activities for all tested bacterial strains. Whereas, CE showed antimicrobial activities for several tested bacterial strains only. The CE showed higher total phenolics contents, DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities (47.36 mg/g, 22.42% and 28.58%, respectively) than those of AE (8.88 mg/g, 20.16% and 17.69%, respectively). AE showed anti-diabetic effect on α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with dose-dependantly manner. The cell viability of AE (125 μg/mL) on HepG2 and HT-29 human cancer cells were 38.12% and 11.27%, respectively. It was demonstrated that ethanol was efficient solvent for extracting functional components from A. carterae. These results indicated that AE can be described as a good candidate for using as a functional food ingredient.

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is a syndrome of intrinsic renal injury secondary to ischemic or toxic causes without parenchymal damages and usually non-oliguria. A 20-year old man presented with acute renal failure preceded by 2 days of watery diarrhea. He had been anuria for 48hr with intravenous fluid therapy. Oliguria persisted for 10 days and he required hemodialysis support for 6 days before renal recovery. He denied the use of any regular medication and any intravenous drug use. Renal biopsy revealed severe ATN. Histopathologic findings were marked desquamation of proximal tubular epithelial cells with intact distal tubules and normal glomeruli. We report an unusual case of ATN with anuria and clinically severe features.

Hydroureter could occur in a state where the whole ureter was remarkably expanded. The causes of occurrence are anatomi-cal urinary tract obstruction or vesicoureteral reflux, and it could occur unilaterally or bilaterally according to its reason. A 38-year-old man presented with left flank pain. Abdominal CT showed a severely atrophied left kidney and a large retroperi-toneal cyst near the left kidney. The pathologic finding showed that the cyst wall is composed of transitional epithelium, lamina propria, muscle, and adventitia, and final diagnosis was hydroureter. The unilateral marked hydroureter misdiagnosed as a retroperitoneal cyst was quite rare. We report on this rare case with literature.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution is currently used to prepare the colon before colonoscopy. Hyponatremic encephalopathy is a condition with neurologic symptoms such as headache, vomiting, confusion, seizure, and sometimes respiratory arrest. A 55-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with generalized tonic-clonic seizure and mental change after ingestion of PEG solution 2 L with water. Serum sodium concentrations was 115 mmol/L. After correction with hypertonic saline for 12hrs, serum sodium concentration reached 129 mmol/L and mental status recovered. We experienced a case of acute hyponatremic encephalopathy resulting from ingestion of PEG solution 2 L for colonoscopy.

Temperature and humidity are the most important factors and should be effectively controlled for the cold storage of graius. Fuzzy logic can be easily implemented to the MIMO(Multi-Input Multi-Output) control systems. For the cold storage in grain bin, fuzzy logic was applied to an air conditioning system. The capacities of the grain bin and the air conditioner are 80 tons and 30㎾, respectively. Also, the target values of temperature and relative humidity in outlet duct of the air conditioner were 8 and 75%, respectively. In order to control temperature and relative humidity of air, a damper in inlet duct was manipulated for temperature control and a heater was used for humidity control. Temperature deviation and change of temperature deviation were used as input parameters for the fuzzy system. Humidity was only considered as a load. The experimental results showed that the controlled temperature of exhausted air was maintained at 82. Relative humidity of the air was also controlled at the target relative humidity of 50∼80%.