본 논문에서는 외계 행성에서 주어진 임무를 모두 수행하여 클리어하는 탑 뷰 슈팅 게임을 제안한다. 제안 하는 게임을 진행한 플레이어 45명의 로그 기록과 설문 조사 결과를 분석하여, 몰입감, 플레이 패턴의 다양 성, 접근성을 중심으로 제안하는 게임의 특징을 살펴보고자 한다. 첫째, 제안한 게임은 더 높은 몰입감을 위 해 스토리 애니메이션과 오디오를 제공한다. 실험 결과 시각, 청각적 방면으로 몰입감을 효과적으로 제공하 고 있어 대다수의 플레이어가 스토리 애니메이션을 건너뛰지 않고 끝까지 시청했다. 둘째, 제안하는 게임은 더 다양한 플레이 패턴으로 즐길 수 있다. 실험 결과 수많은 경우의 수가 존재하는 무기와 스킬을 선택할 수 있게 하였기 때문에 대부분의 플레이어가 선택하는 스킬들이 서로 겹치지 않고 다양한 방식으로 게임을 플레이할 수 있다. 플레이 패턴이 다양한 만큼 더 게임을 오랫동안, 더 재미있게 즐길 수 있다. 셋째, 제안한 게임은 맵을 비교적 단순하게 구성하였다. 그런데, 호기심 많은 일부 플레이어들이 미션과 직접 관련이 없는 경로를 찾아서 길을 헤매는 경우가 나타났다. 이로 인해, 플레이어들이 게임을 다시 한번 진행하고자 하는 경향이 나타났다.

This study deals with replacement analysis of deteriorated equipment for improving productivity of production system. Frequent breakdown of the deteriorated equipment causes a situation that reduces productivity such as low product quality, process delay, and repair cost. However, the replacement of new equipment will be required a high initial investment cost, so it is important to analysis the economic feasibility. Therefore, we analyze the effect of the production system due to the aging effect of the equipment and the feasibility of equipment replacement based on the economic analysis. The process flow, working time, logistics movement, etc. are analyzed in order to build the simulation modeling for a ship and land switchboard production system. Using numerical examples, the economic feasibility analysis of equipment replacement through replacement of existing deteriorated equipment and additional arrangement of new facilities is performed.

Squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) is a rare benign neoplasm first described by Pullon et al. in 1975. Clinically and histologically, it is confused with ameloblastoma, carcinoma and local periodontoal disease. We report a case of SOT occuring in a 16-year-old female in the right mandibular angle location associated with an impacted molar

This study was to analyse the usability of morphological evaluation of vitrified-thawed oocyte before somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) using Oosight imaging system to show spindle. For the vitrification, in vitro matured bovine MII oocytes were treated by two-step freezing medium without (control group) or with 5 ug/ml cytochalasin-b (CCB group). In Exp. 1, after thawing, recovered oocytes in each treatment group were assessed by live image using Oosight imaging system or/and cytoskeletal protein image using immunostaining. In Exp. 2, in each treatment group the in vitro developmental potential of frozen-thawed bovine oocytes post evaluation using Oosight imaging system and then SCNT was investigated. The SCNT embryos were cultured in CR1aa medium supplemented with 10% FBS, 1 mM EGF and 1 mM IGF at 38.5 C in 5% O2 and 5% CO2 in air for 8 days. In Exp.1, the rates of in vitro survival, morphological good grade and spindle normality of CCB treatment group (91.1%, 54.2% and 55.5%) were better than those of control group (86.1%, 48.5% and 48.5%). After SCNT using vitrified-thawed oocyte, the rates of fusion, reconstructed embryos and blastocyst development were also high in CCB treatment group (66.6%, 36.4% and 3.0%) than control group (60.0%, 27.3% and 0%). These results demonstrated that the identification of morphological spindle image of the vitrified-thawed bovine oocytes using Oosight imaging system helps to predict the SCNT embryo quality.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is an efficient technique which has been successfully applied to developmental biology, and resulted in the production of offspring from various species. It offers many opportunities in basic and medical research as well as endangered species preservation. On the other hand, embryonic stem (ES) cells are useful research tools for genetic engineering and developing disease models. In previous study, we established bovine IVF embryo derived ES cell line which can be grow indefinitely as undifferentiated cell state. In this study, we compared the effect of two different age cells (bovine ES cell; JNU-ibES-05 or adult ear fibroblast cell) on in vitro developmental potential of bovine SCNT embryo. To produce SCNT embryos, the ES cells or somatic cells were dissociated and transferred into enucleated MⅡ oocytes, and cleaved reconstructed embryos were cultured in CR1aa medium containing 10% FBS, 1 ug/ml epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 1 ug/ml insulin growth factor (IGF) for 8 days. In the result, blastocyst development rate was similar between ES cell treatment group and somatic cell treatment group, 27.7% (10/36) and 28.9% (11/ 38), respectively. However, there was particular difference in development speed from day 5 post SCNT, blastocyst expanding was 1 day faster in ES cell group than in somatic cell group. This difference was analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR using pluripotency, growth and cell cycle gene markers. These results demonstrated that SCNT embryo using ES cell as a donor cell has better growth potential than somatic cell, and it will be a useful tool for a transgenic animal production.