국내 전통식품 인증을 획득한 된장을 대상으로 간 섬유화 억제를 위한 기능 소재로서의 활용가능성을 알아보고자하였다. 국내 농산물로만 제조되어진 전통식품인증 된장총 24개 제품을 전국에서 수집하여 70% 메탄올로 추출한다음, MEF 세포주에 처리하여 간섬유화의 지표인 α-SMA의 발현 억제활성을 측정하였다. 공장식 생산과정을 거치는 일반 시판된장과 대조군 대비, 경북지역에서 수집된No. 13 전통인증된장 추출물이 약 74%의 α-SMA 발현억제활성을 나타내어 뛰어난 간 섬유화 억제활성을 나타내었다. 이는 의약품으로 사용되는 silymarin 84%과 비교시10% 정도밖에 차이나지 않았으며, 2년 이상의 발효시간을거친 제품임을 감안할 때 향후 발효시기에 따른 기능성의향상에 대한 기대도 가능할 것으로 예상된다.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) experiments have generally demonstrated that a differentiated cell directly converts into a undifferentiated or pluripotent state. In SCNT experiment, nuclear reprogramming is induced by exposure of introduced donor cell nuclei to the recipient cytoplasm of matured oocytes. Although nuclear reprogramming of cells by the ex-ovo methods is not always consistent or efficient, it has been suggested that a combination of nuclear reprogramming technique may improve the efficiency or frequency of normal development of SCNT embryos. Here we hypothesized that treatment of somatic cells with extracts prepared from GV stage sturgeon's oocytes prior to their use as nuclear donors for SCNT will improve subsequent development. We reported a reversible permeabilization protocol with digitonin to deliver sturgeon oocyte exteact (SOE) to porcine fetal fibroblast cell nuclei ex ovo. Porcine fibroblasts were permeabilized by 4 μg/ml of digitonin for 2 min at 4℃ and then incubated in SOE for 7h at 15 18℃ followed by resealing of cell membrane. As results, no difference was observed in the number of fused couplets or the number of fused couplets that cleaved between the extract treated or control group. However, there was a significantly decrease in the percentage of fused couplets that developed to the blastocyst stage in the SOE treated group (p<0.05). Histone acetylation status was determined using an antibody to acetylation at lysine 9 on histone 3 (H3K9Ac). The intensity of H3K9Ac staining in 1-cell stage NT embryos was significantly increased when treated with the SOE (p<0.05), similar to that in 1-cell stage IVF embryos. In addition, porcine NT embryos reconstructed by using donor cell exposed to SOE prior to cell fusion significantly decreased developmental competence to the blastocyst stage but increased pluripotent gene expressions (Sox2, Nanog and Oct3/4) when compared with those in normal NT embryos (p<0.05).

We have surveyed monthly diversity and seasonal prevalence of Macrolepidoptera in Wol-ak-san [Mt.] for the period of four months from May to August in 2010. Although it is not a part of KLTER/ME and KLPS study in Wol-ak-san conducted in recent few years, this year's data may be comparable with the previous ones as the collection sites and dates are very similar. The three representative vegetations are Quercus mongolica-, Quercus variabilis- and Pinus densiflora-formations, abbreviated as QM, QV and PD, respectively, and we collected exclusively larger moths with bucket-type of light traps for quantified survey. In 2010, as a result, QV showed higher species diversity and specimen number than QM or PD although the differences between QV and QM are very subtle. The result is very similar to the result in 2009. The only difference in 2010 over 2009 is that the number of species, not specimens, has been increased 1.5 times, and this may be caused by the inclusion of July records, which has been usually deleted due to heavy rainy season causing poor collection records. The number of species in Noctuidae was the highest in 2010, about twice more than that in 2009, but the dominant species in 2010 were either Pyralidae (Nacoleia commixta or Bradina geminalis) or Geometridae (Arichanna melanaria). We are still experiencing decline of specimen numbers: 567 specimens collected in 2010 while 651 in 2009 and 874 in 2008, which was already a huge reduction compared to over 2500 specimens in 2007.

본 연구에서는 제초제 저항성인 Ab벼와 해충저항성 Bt벼, 이들의 모본인 동진벼의 현미에서 일반성분, 아미노산, 무기물, 지방산, 비타민 및 항영양소를 분석하여 유전자변형 벼(Ab, Bt)의 영양성분 조성 차이를 비교하고자 수행하였다. 그 결과 무기물의 철분이 모본인 동진벼와 유전자 변형 벼(Ab, Bt) 사이에 약 2배의 차이를 나타내었지만 codex 범위 내에 존재하였고, 비타민 류에서는 Bt벼와 동진벼 간의 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않은 반면 Ab벼의 비타민 B1, B7, E에서 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 또한 트립신 저해제는 시료 모두에서 0.1 TIU/mg 미만으로 극소량 검출되었다. 총 46가지 분석 성분 중 17가지가 함량 및 조성에 유의적인 차이를 보였으나 이러한 차이는 이들의 모본인 동진벼, OECD 표준기술서, 그리고 일반 상업화 품종의 범위 내에 존재해 영양학적 측면에서 실질적으로 차이가 없는 것으로 판단된다.

본 연구는 내충성 독소 발현 유전자(CryIIIA)를 벼에 형질 전환하여 해충에 대한 저항성을 갖도록 국내에서 개발한 해충저항성 GM벼(Btt12R)와 그 모본인 낙동벼의 주요영양성분과 항영양소를 분석하여 각 성분의 함량에 차이가 있는지를 비교하기 위해서 수행하였다. 이를 위해, 낙동벼와 Btt12R 뿐만 아니라 국내 상업화 품종인 영안벼와 화성벼를 수원 GMO 격리포장에서 동일한 조건하에 재배하여 수확한 현미를 사용하였다. 47가지 주요영양성분(8가지 일반성분, 17가지 아미노산, 8가지 지방산, 9가지 미네랄, 5가지 비타민) 중에 16가지 성분의 함량이 모본과 Btt12R 간에 차이를 보였지만, Btt12R의 이 16가지 성분은 함께 재배한 일반벼와 OECD에 명기된 함량 범위 내에 있었다. 2가지 항영양소 중 트립신 저해제는 모든 시료에 0.1 TIU/mg 미만의 극미량으로 존재했으며, Btt12R의 피트산 함량은 낙동벼와 일반벼의 피트산 범위에 포함되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 분석한 Btt12R의 모든 주요영양성분 및 항영소의 함량이 모본 및 상업화 품종의 함량 범위에 포함되었으며, 이를 통해 CryIIIA 유전자를 벼 게놈에 삽입하는 것이 현미의 영양학적 품질에 영향을 미치지 않음을 확인하였다.

Development of an artificial neural network model was presented to predict the daily maximum SO2 concentration in the urban-industrial area of Ulsan. The network model was trained during April through September for 2000-2005 using SO2 potential parameters estimated from meteorological and air quality data which are closely related to daily maximum SO2 concentrations. Meteorological data were obtained from regional modeling results, upper air soundings and surface field measurements and were then used to create the SO2 potential parameters such as synoptic conditions, mixing heights, atmospheric stabilities, and surface conditions. In particular, two-stage clustering techniques were used to identify potential index representing major synoptic conditions associated with high SO2 concentration. Two neural network models were developed and tested in different conditions for prediction: the first model was set up to predict daily maximum SO2 at 5 PM on the previous day, and the second was 10 AM for a given forecast day using an additional potential factors related with urban emissions in the early morning. The results showed that the developed models can predict the daily maximum SO2 concentrations with good simulation accuracy of 87% and 96% for the first and second model. respectively, but the limitation of predictive capability was found at a higher or lower concentrations. The increased accuracy for the second model demonstrates that improvements can be made by utilizing more recent air quality data for initialization of the model.