본 연구는 최근 산업곤충으로 주목받고 있는 쌍별귀뚜라미의 생산 효율 증대를 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 온도, 습도에 따른 부화율 및 부화 기간을 비롯하여 사육 밀도에 따른 생존율 및 산란 온도에 따른 산란수를 조사하였다. 적정 부화 상대습도는 90% 조건에서 부화율 90%를 보여 가장 높았다. 온도별 부화율 조사결과 20℃에서 98.3%로 가장 높았다. 또한, 온도별 부화 35℃조건에서 7.1일로 가장 짧게 나타났다. 또한 사육 용기에 3,000~20,000개체를 투입하여 35일간 조사한 밀도별 생존율은 34~18%였다. 쌍별귀뚜라미의 먹이에 채소 급여가 성장에 미치는 특성을 조사한 결과 생존율은 1.8배, 생체중량은 2.5배 높게 나타났다. 온도별 산란수 조사결과 25℃ 조건에서 30일 후 1,710개로 가장 높았다.

본 연구는 최근 유용곤충으로 주목받고 있는 쌍별귀뚜라미의 생산 효율 증대를 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 부화율, 사육밀도에 따른 생존율, 산란온도에 따른 산란수을 조사하였다. 부화율은 상태습도 30%, 50%, 70% 및 90% 처리구에서 각각 42%, 66%, 82% 및 90%로 나타났다. 사육밀도는 150cm X 60cm X 50cm 용기에 3,000마리, 5,000마리, 10,000마리, 15,000마리, 20,000마리 처리구로 구분하여 수행하였으며, 30℃ 조건에서 부화한 유충이 성충까지 소요된 기간은 약 35일이었다. 생존율은 각각 34%, 31%, 28, 21% 및 18% 이었으며, 성충이 된 후 처리구별 생체 총 중량은 각각 858g, 1,257g, 2.778g, 3,091g 및 3,670g 으로 조사되었다. 산란수 조사는 20℃, 25℃ 및 30℃에서 30일간 조사하였으며, 평균 산란수는 각각 267개, 1,710개 및 1,042개이었다. 산란수 조사 30일 기간 중 10일간 평균 산란수는 각각 220개, 984개 및 647개로 82%, 57% 및 62%로 나타났다.

The current status of insect pollinator use was surveyed. Honeybee was larger than mason bee and bumblebee in average use area per farm household at kinds of insect pollinator. Insect pollinator was used at 19 crops. Among them, tomato was the most used crop, which was 44.9%, and in order to apple 26.7%, strawberry 13.1%, red-pepper 7.7% and watermelon 3.7%. In the use of insect pollinators, bumblebee, which was 56.9%, was higher than honeybee (31.3%) and mason bee (11.8%). The most farmers were a positive intention except for 1.5% of farmer in the use of insect pollinator for crop pollination. The best advantage in insect pollinator use was improvement of seed setting percentage, which was 28.3% and the worst problem was low activity at bad weather, which was 25.8%. And also, 97% of farmers have an intention to use continuously insect pollinator.

강원도 원주일원의 토양에서 분리한 Streptomyces sp. SK-862 균주는 단백질 분해효소인 트립신에 대하여 강한 저해작용을 하는 물질을 생산하였다. 저해물질의 정제는 n-butanol 용매로 추출한 후 합성수지인 Amberite XAD로 흡착하였으며 ODS-HP-LC, GPC HPLC 순으로 정제하였다. 정제된 물질은 pH 2-10에서 안정하였으며 80℃에서 60분간 온도 처리하였을 때에는 65%가 실활되었다. 물, 메탄올, 에탄올, 부탄올에는 잘 용해되었으나 비극성용매인 클로로포름, 에틸아세테이트에는 녹지 않았다. TLC에서의 R_f값은 n-butanol : methanol : water(5 : 3 : 1 v/v)의 용매에서 0.56, ethanol : ammonium hydoxide : water(8 : 1 : 1 v/v) 0.23이였다. 자외선 흡수스펙트럼 조사에서는 259nm에서 최대흡광도를 보였으며, 당 반응은 검출되지 않았으나 닌히드린과 반응하였다.

Next generation sequencing technologies provide opportunities to reveal the genetic variants and differentially expressedgenes. The genetic variants are closely relevance to understanding of genes and phenotypic differences related to agronomic characteristics among cultivars. In this study, we conducted RNA-seq using two Korean soybean accessions, including Daewon and Hwangkeum, by using next generation sequencing against Williams 82 genome as reference. A number of variants such assingle nucleotide variants (SNV), multiple nucleotide variants (MNV), insertion/deletion (InDel) and replacement, was 34,411 and 55,544 in Daewon and Hwangkeum, respectively. Among these variants, 9,611 nonsynonymous variants were detected within 4,290 genes in Daewon and 13,225 non-synonymous variants were located on 5,672 genes in Hwangkeum. The distribution of nonsynonymous variants and expression values of genes can serve as invaluable resource for genotyping and study of traits within genes for soybean improvements.

The main nutritional problem of sorghumxsudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolorxSorghum sudanese) silage is low quality and palatability. This experiment was conducted to evaluate whether organic com grain and crushed rice addition of sorghumxsudangrass hybrid silage increases forage quality of the silage. The sorghumxsudangrass hybrid silages with added com grain and crushed rice were similar to conventional corn silage in moisture content. However organic sorghumxsudangrass hybrid silage had low pH values. Silage added with gain and byproduct had higher crude ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents than control corn silages, while its non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) showed the opposite results. Lactic acid, butyric acid and lactic percentage oftotal organic acid (UT) of sorghumxsudangrass hybrid silages were higher than those of com silage, but acetic acid was higher than control. In vitro dry matter digestibi/ity (IVDMD) of com silage was higher than other sorghum silages. Feed intake of sorghumxsudangrass hybrid silage added with crushed rice was highest among silages. Therefore, these data indicate that crushed rice and com grain added sorghumxsudangrass hybrid silage could be recommended as the most effective treatment for increasing silage quality and palatability.

Activity of senescence-induced antioxidant enzymes in the detached rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin) was examined. The levels of ~textrmH2~textrmO2 content and peroxidase (POD) activity were gradually increased during leaf senescence, whereas catalase activity was decreased. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was increased, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) were slightly increased until 3d and 4d of dark induced-senescence, and thereafter were decreased. The activation of all SOD isoforms showed a significant decrease after 6d and 7d. After 4d to 7d of dark senescence, there was a significant effect in enhancing the activity of APX-12 and -13 isoforms as compared with light, despite similar levels in total APX activity. GR-8 and -10 isoforms were more effective in leaf senescence at 4d to 7d, particularly with respect to dark-induced senescence. These results suggest that the metabolism of active oxygen species such as ~textrmH2~textrmO2 is dependent on various functionally interrelated antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, SOD, APX and GR.