A QM-ISP-4 Planetary Mill was employed to activate mechanically the mixtures of anatase and corundum at room temperature for different times. The milled powder mixtures were then sintered at for 1 h. The XRD results showed that the milled powder mixtures were completely transformed into after sintering, except the mixtures milled for 5 and 10 hours. The SEM observations showed the typical morphology of rod-like vary in the range: widths from 0.6 to , and lengths from 3.0 to . The rod-like formation was attributed to the positive effects caused by the mechanical activation.

Electrical treatment has been widely used for porcine oocytes activation. However, developmental rates following electrical activation of porcine oocytes is relatively inefficient compared to other domestic animals. To investigate the effects of porcine oocytes on combined activation by both chemical and electrical treatment, in-vitro matured oocytes were activated by combined cycloheximide and electrical pulses treatment. Cumulus-free oocytes were exposed with NCSU-23 medium containing cycloheximide (10μgml) for 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 min and then activated by electrical pulse treatment and cultured in PZM-3 for 8 days. Also effects of exposure to 6.25μM calcium ionophore for 2 min for cumulus-free oocytes were tested. The percentage of blastocyst formation in 10 min exposure to 10μgml cycloheximide and electrical pulse treatment was significantly increased (P<0.05) than in the control group. And exposure to 6.25μM calcium ionophore for 2 min with 10μgml cycloheximide for 10min and electrical pulse treatment significantly increased (P<0.05) the percentage of blastocyst developmental rates than the control group. In conclusion, activation by combined cycloheximide and electrical stimulation treatment promoted the subsequent development of porcine oocytes and improved the subsequence blastocyst development

본 연구에서는 행동활성화체계(Behavioral Activation System : BAS)와 행동억제 체계(Behavioral Inhibition System : BIS)의 성향이 청년층과 노인층의 뇌파 특성에 차이를 보이는지를 조사하였다. 실험은 19명의 청년층과 31명의 노인층을 대상으로 하여 이루어졌고, 안정 상태의 양측 전전두엽 뇌파를 측정하였다. 분석은 비선형 지수 중 하나인 1/f스케일링 지수를 사용하였다. 그 결과, BAS 성향에서 1/f스케일 지수가 유의한 차이를 보였다. 즉, 좌측 전전두엽(Fpl)에서는 청년층의 1/f스케일 지수가 노인층의 1/f스케일 지수보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 값을 보였고, 우측 전전두엽(Fp2)에서도 청년층이 노인층에 비해 높은 1/f스케일 지수를 나타내는 경향을 보였다. 1/f 스케일 지수가 클수록 복잡도는 감소하고, 반면 확률분포에 관련된 정보의 양은 증가하는 것으로 해석 가능하다. 본 연구를 통해, 주관적 평가 결과로서 행동 활성화체계가 강한 성향을 가진 경우, 노인층은 청년층에 비해 양측 전전두엽의 복잡도가 높은 상태임을 알 수 있다 본 연구의 결과는 BAS성향과 연령 사이의 연관성에 대한 가능성을 시사한다.

본 연구에서는 긍정 또는 부정 시각자극이 제시되었을 때, 행동활성화체계(Behavioral Activation System : BAS) 민감 집단과 행동억제 체계(Behavioral Inhibition System : BIS) 민감 집단 사이에 차이가 있는지를 살펴보았다. 실험은 8명씩의 BAS와 BIS 민감 성향을 가진 남자 대학생을 대상으로 이루어졌고, 안정 상태와 국제정서사진체계(International Affective Picture System)의 긍정/부정 사진자극이 제시되는 동안의 뇌파를 측정하였다. 뇌파의 분석은 뇌 신호원 국소화를 위해, 뇌파의 전기적 신호에 의하여 형성되는 전류밀도에 대한 3차원적인 접근방식으로 데이터를 처리하는 방법 중의 하나인 LORETA(Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography)를 사용하였다. 그 결과, 긍정자극제시의 경우, BAS 민감 집단이 BIS민감 집단에 비해 알파 대역에서 변연계에 포함되는 cingulate gyrus와 전전두엽이 더 활성화되는 반응을 보였다. 이는 BAS 민감집단이 BIS 민감집단에 비해 긍정자극에 대한 반응이 더 민감하고, BAS 또는 BIS라는 인간의 동기체계가 감성자극의 인지와도 관련이 있을 가능성을 시사한다.

본 연구는 ICSI후 돼지 난자의 활성화 처리와 ICSI전 주입정자의 수정 능력 획득 유기효과를 구명하기 위하여 실시하였다. ICSI후 ethanol, cycloheximide 그리고 ethanol과 cycloheximide를 병용처리 시 난할율과 배반포배 발달율이 대조구와 처리 구간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다(p<0.05). 그러나 ICSI전 caffeine과 Ca-ionpphre로 주입정자의 수정능력 획득 유기 처리 시 난할율과 배반포배발달율 모두 처

Methods for activation of reconstructed oocytes were examined for the production of nuclear transfer (NT) rat embryos using fetal neural stem cells as donor. Neural stem cells were isolated from Day 14.5 rat fetuses, and the oocytes for recipient cytoplasm were recovered from 4-week old Sprague Dawley rats. After enucleation and nuclear injection, the reconstructed oocytes were immediately exposed to activation medium consisting of 10 mM SrCl₂ for 4 h (immediate activation after injection; IAI), or cultured in vitro for 2~3 h before activation treatment (injection before activation; IBA). Pre-activated oocytes were also used for NT to test reprogramming potential of artificially activated oocytes. The oocytes were grouped as IIA (immediate injection after activation) and ABI (activation 2~3 h before injection). Following NT, the oocytes were cultured in vitro. Development of the NT embryos was monitored at 44 and 119 h after activation. The embryos in groups IAI, mA, and IIA were cleaved to the 2-cell stage at the rates of 36.6%(15/41), 39.5% (17/43) and 46.3% (25/54), respectively. However, in the ABI group, only one embryo (1.8%, 1/55) was cleaved after activation. After in vitro culture, two NT embryos from IAI group had developed to the morula stage (4.9%, 2/41). However, no morula or blastocyst was obtained in the other groups. These results suggest that immediate activation after injection (IAI) method may be used for the production of rat somatic cell NT embryos.

우리나라 대부분의 국가산업단지 개발은 기업의 수요에 의한 개발이 아닌, 정부차원에서 공급자 위주로 이루어져왔다. 기업의 다양한 수요를 수렴하지 못한 개발은 지금의 산업단지 수요ㆍ공급의 심각한 불균형 현상을 초래하게 되었고, 특히 북평 산업단지는 95년에 준공되었지만 전국 42개 국가산업단지 가운데 현재까지 미분양률이 약 63%로서 가장 높은 상황이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 북평 산업단지 활성화를 위한 방안으로서 클러스터 구축 및 공동물류 시스템 운영을 통한 활성화 방안에 대하여 연구하였다.

This study was designed to identify the effect of various decline boards and postures of lower extremities on surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of knee muscles during isometric single-leg decline squat exercises. The subjects were twenty young male adults who had not experienced any knee injury and their Q-angles were within a normal range. They were asked to perform single-leg decline squat exercises in five various conditions. The EMG activities of the gluteus maximus (GM), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VMO), tibialis anterior (TA), and gastrocnemius (GCM) muscles were recorded in five various single-leg decline squat exercises by surface electrodes and normalized by maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) values. The normalized EMG activity levels were compared using one-way ANOVA with repeated measures. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Exercises 2 and 4 produced significantly greater EMG activity of VMO than did exercise 1 (<.05/10), 2) The VMO/VL ratio of EMG activity of exercise 4 was the highest, producing a significantly greater ratio than exercise 1 (<.05/10). These results show that single-leg lateral oblique decline squat exercise is the best exercise for selective strengthening of VMO, and the posture of the contralateral leg does also affect strengthening of VMO, but we'll need to research patellofemoral joint compression for clinical application of single-leg lateral oblique decline squat exercises.

This study was conducted to establish the optimal temperature condition before oocyte activation in B6D2 F1 mouse. In experiment 1, two embryo culture media (CZB vs KSOM) were evaluated for the development of activated mouse oocytes. Parthenogenetic embryos cultured in KSOM showed better blastocyst development than ones cultured in CZB(56.2% vs 81.0%, p<0.01). Two-hour of pre-incubation before activation significantly reduced the number of hatched blastocysts in KSOM (22.0% versus 8.8%, p<0.05). In experiment 2, recovered oocytes were pre-incubated at different temperature conditions before activation. The experimental groups were divided by 5 as follows. Group A: pre-incubation for 120 min at 37℃, Group B: pre-incubation at 37℃ for 90 min then at 25℃ for 30 min, Group C: pre-incubation at 37℃ for 60 min then at 25℃ for 60 min, Group D: pre-incubation at 37℃ for 30 min then at 25℃ for 90 min, and Group E: pre-incubation at 25℃ for 120 min before activation. Group A (67.6%) and B (66.7%) showed better development to the blastocyst stage than other groups (Group C: 50.0%, Group D: 49.2%, Group E: 33.3%, p<0.05). The present study indicates that the temperature before activation affects the development of B6D2 F1 mouse parthenogenetic oocytes and exposure to room temperature should be limited to 30-min when the oocytes are left in HEPES-buffered medium for micromanipulation.