We present observational results from optical long-slit spectroscopy of parsec-scale jets of DG Tau. From HH 158 and HH 702, the optical emission lines of H, [O i] 6300, 6363, [N ii] 6548, 6584, and [S ii] 6716, 6731 are obtained. The kinematics and physical properties (i.e., electron density, electron temperature, ionization fraction, and mass-loss rate) are investigated along the blueshifted jet up to 650′′ distance from the source. For HH 158, the radial velocity ranges from -50 to -250 km s-1. The proper motion of the knots is 0:′′196 - 0:′′272 yr-1. The electron density is 104 cm-3 close to the star, and decreases to 102 cm-3 at 14′′ away from the star. Ionization fraction indicates that the gas is almost neutral in the vicinity of the source. It increases up to over 0.4 along the distance. HH 702 is located at 650′′ from the source. It shows  -80 km s-1 in the radial velocity. Its line ratios are similar to those at knot C of HH 158. The mass-loss rate is estimated to be about  10-7 M⊙ yr-1, which is similar to values obtained from previous studies.

In this study, a real-scale specimen of Steel-Confined Prestressed Concrete (SCP) composite girder was tested in a three points bending. Furthermore, vibration tests were performed to verify the dynamic stability of the SCP composite girder for railway bridges. The results of the experimental test were similar to stable rigidity behavior until the static actuator limit load (6300 kN). That is, the SCP composite girder showed a stable rigidity behavior in the ultimate load (3,174 kN) as well as the service load (1,076 kN). Finally, the possibility of resonance of the SCP composite girder has been found to be low.

An experiment have been conducted to investigate the behavior of dredged fills on flexible containers (scale model geotextile tubes). The study was focused on the development of geotextile strain. The model geotextile tube is made of woven geotextile material. Results showed that during the dewatering stage, the tube height decreases and the tube width increases. This increases the density of the confined fill material and the tensile reaction of the tube. The compaction effect on top of the geotextile tube decreases as the tube height reduces. On the other hand, the confinement effect at the sides of the geotextile tube increases as the tensile reaction intensifies. As a result, The geotextile strain increases as the value of the coefficient of lateral pressure is increased.

The German cockroach, Blatella germanica, is one of the most important household pest that can cause disease on human. Conventional contact insecticides show less efficacy because it is hard to be contacted or digested by cockroach that lives inside small crevice. Ethyl formate(EF), which is a potential fumigant to control various insect pests such as stored grain insects and quarantine pests, can be penetrated wherever air exist and shows toxicity on respiratory system of insect. In this trials, we've demonstrated practical and commercial scale fumigations of EF on German cockroach. Efficacy of EF was described in terms of concentration × time (CT) product. At practical fumigation, EF gave 100% control of German cockroach nymph and adult when the CT product was 43.2g h m-3. When 600m3 scale warehouse fumigation for 15 hours with 5g m-3 of EF, nymph and adult stage of German cockroach were completely controlled. The ventilation time to reduce EF concentration under TLV(Threshold Limit Value, EF=100ppm) was less than 1 hour. These results show that EF can be applied at warehouse or mill house to control German cockroach effectively.

A microencapsulated cinnamon oil (CO)-coated film was developed using a pilot-plant scale film coating system. CO microencapsulated with polyvinyl alcohol was incorporated with a printing ink and the ink mixture was applied to the surface of a polypropylene (PP) film as an ink coating using a gravure printing press at a speed of 20-200 m/min. The tensile strength, percentage elongation at break, elastic modulus, and water vapor permeability of the PP films with and without coating with the microcapsules were not significantly different (p > 0.05), which indicates that the coating did not alter those properties of the films. Microencapsulation effectively prevented the volatilization of CO in the films. The microencapsulated system may be extended to other food-packaging films for which the same ink-printing platform is used. The results from this study imply that the oil-microencapsulated films could be potentially produced by a modern film manufacturing system.

Visual census and hydro-acoustic survey was carried out at Ulju small scale marine ranching area (MRA) to estimate demersal fish aggregations on September and November 2013. In this hydro-acoustic survey, the authors combined an image sonar with a scientific echo sounder to monitor an underwater situation and compare two acoustic data. Consequently, visual census survey was useful to estimate fish species composition for hydro-acoustic survey, because it is easy to identify aggregated fish species and overcome limits on a fishing depth and ability of an conventional fishing gear like a bottom gill-net or a fish trap at marine ranching area. Mean fish density was estimated as 0.757 g/m2 on September and 0.219 g/m2 on November and Fish abundance was finally calculated as 1.51ton (coefficient of variation, CV=13.1%) on September and 0.44ton (CV=47.7%) on November, respectively. Hydro-acoustic survey combined with the image sonar was useful to monitor fish aggregations and estimate fish stocks around artificial reefs at shallow coastal MRA. We were able to easily identify the underwater structures like an artificial reef and a fishing rope as well as fish aggregations from image sonar data. Therefore, the method was effective to separate unwanted echo signals in acoustic data of scientific echo sounder.

In this study, the reduction kinetics and behaviors of oxides in the water-atomized iron powder have been evaluated as a function of temperature ranging 850-1000˚C in hydrogen environment, and compared to the reduction behaviors of individual iron oxides including Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and FeO. The water-atomized iron powder contained a significant amount of iron oxides, mainly Fe3O4 and FeO, which were formed as a partially-continuous surface layer and an inner inclusion. During hydrogen reduction, a significant weight loss in the iron powder occurred in the initial stage of 10 min by the reduction of surface oxides, and then further reduction underwent slowly with increasing time. A higher temperature in the hydrogen reduction promoted a high purity of iron powder, but no significant change in the reduction occurred above 950˚C. Sequence reduction process by an alternating environment of hydrogen and inert gases effectively removed the oxide scale in the iron powder, which lowered reduction temperature and/or shortened reduction time.

In this study safety distance was investigated for small-scale LNG storage facilities in order to provide basic data for safety. The results are as follows; (1) For explosion pressure criteria, current criteria are reasonable, but water spray system should be recommended to LNG storage tank to ensure safety. (2) For criteria based on the results of the quantitative risk assessment, criteria applied to people are 5kW/㎡ for radiation, LFL for dispersion, and 7kPa for explosion pressure. And criteria applied to facility are 37.5 kW/㎡ for radiation and 20 kPa for explosion pressure.

본 연구의 목적은 가정 내 안전성 평가도구에 대해 알아보고 노인에게 적용해봄으로써 노인의 가정환경 평가를 소개하고, 향후 국내에서의 적극적인 사용을 제안하기 위한 것이다. 가정 내 안정성 평가도구 중 Safety Assessment Scale(SAS)는 다른 평가도구에 비해 비교적 문항수가 적고, 실시 방법이 간단한 장점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 강원도 원주시에 거주하는 노인 두 명의 가정을 방문하여 SAS 평가를 하였다. 두 대상자 모두 독거노인으로 연령, 인지기능, 한국판 간이 정신 상태 검사(Mini Mental State Examination – Korea; MMSE-K)점수는 유사하였다. SAS 평가결과는 비슷한 인지 수준 의 대상자라고 하더라도, SAS의 점수에는 10점의 차이가 있었다. 대상자 1의 경우 대상자 2에 비해 점수가 더 높았고, 즉 이것은 위험이 크다고 해석할 수 있었다. 특히 낙상 및 안전사고, 영양 상태의 위험이 컸고 이러한 항목의 중재 및 교육이 필요하였다. 앞으로 작업치료 영역에서 노인을 대상으로 한 가정 내 환경에서의 안전성 평가의 중요성은 점점 더 부각될 것으로 보인다. 대상자의 안전한 가정 내 생활을 위한 중재 수립, 대상자 교육, 나아가 대상자의 가정환경 수정을 하기 위한 평가도구의 하나로서 SAS의 적용을 고려해 볼 수 있을 것이다.

Methyl Bromide (MB) has been regulated by montreal protocol due to ozone depletion since 1992, and there is a need to develop MB alternative fumigation methods. To find out the efficacies and tolerance in developmental stages of citrus mealybugs (Planococcus citri) which frequently infested in imported pineapples, phosphine(PH3) gas was tested in different exposure times (2~24 hr) and concentrations (0.1∼2g/m3) in small desiccators at 8℃. Based on Lethal 99% concentration × time products (LCTP 99%) of PH3 gas to target developmental insect, 2g/m3 PH3 was applied for 24 hr in 300 m3 fumigation facility, which was designed in well sealed and evacuation system (5 air exchange/min). We monitored PH3 gas in fumigation facility to confirm CTP and checked PH3 gas in atmospheres in air ventiliation process after fumigations to make quarantine guideline and protocol for worker safety as well as efficacy to target pest.