This study analyzed English words that are used in the middle school English text books of the 6th and the 7th National Curriculum in Korea. For this analysis, an English corpus of a total of 1,230,023 nodes was built out of 63 English textbooks of the 6th and the 7th National Curriculum. The study specifically investigated the following items for analysis: 1) tokens and types of words used in the middle school textbooks, 2) frequency of the words, and the numbers of new words introduced in each school-year, 3) high-frequency words in the textbooks with reference to those in large-scale general English corpora, 4) parts of speech of the words and their frequencies, and 5) the comparison of the words used in reading parts and listening parts. Analysis of the corpus revealed the following results. Regarding the average number of tokens and types, the textbooks based on the 7th Curriculum contain more than those based on the 6th Curriculum. As for the frequency of the repetition of words, the 6th curriculum textbooks are more than the 7th curriculum textbooks. Comparison of vocabularies used in the text corpus and in general large-scale English corpus shows that there are more similarities than differences.

본 연구에서는 과학 교과에 적합한 웹기반 프로젝트 수업과정을 설계하고 이를 수업 현장에 적용하여 중학생의 과학 학업 성취도와 학습 태도에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 웹기반 프로젝트 학습에서 학습자는 과제를 수행하기 위하여 웹을 활용하여 정보를 교수자, 학습자를 비롯한 여러 사람과 교환하였다. 남녀 공학의 중학교 3학년 4개 학급을 대상으로 실험 집단에 대하여 웹기반 프로젝트 수업, 그리고 통제 집단에 대하여는 전통적인 수업을 실시하였다. 웹기반 프로젝트 수업은 전통적인 수업에 비하여 학생들의 과학 학업 성취도와 학습 태도에 긍정적인 효과를 가져왔다. 이러한 웹기반 수업은 학업 성취 수준별 비교에서 특히 상위 집단의 학업 성취도를 향상시키는 데 효과적이었다. 또한, 웹기반 프로젝트 수업은 과학 교과에 대한 흥미 유도를 통하여 여학생들의 성차에 대한 부정적인 인식을 해소함으로써 과학학습 태도 향상에 유의미한 효과를 주었다.

The anatomical structures of the head and face are determined by genetical factors and they are important indicators in the field of anthropology. But it is known that they could be influenced by environmental factors such as diet, conditions of nutrition, behavior and so on. In Korea, there have been many changes in the diet pattem since 1970s that anatomical structures of the body have been changed. But there was no anthropolygic studies on the facial features in Korean youth. Therefore in this study we have undertaken to determine the head and facial measurements of the 220 male middle school students free from systemic and ocular diseases or abnormalies. The results are as follows. The head height of the youth is similar with the adult, but other head measurements are smaller than those of adult. The face width and the face height of the youth are smaller than those of the adult and the partial ratio of the subnasale-gnathion measurement on the face height is significant smaller than that of adult. In the face of youth head width, head length, face width and bitragion breadth are correlated weakly with the height and the subnasale-gnthion is correlated with the height significantly.

We have studied to investigate the causes and the degree of complaints of the spectacle wearers in Korean middle school student. Data were collected using a self questionaires, examination of fitting condition of the spectacles, ophthalmic dispensing state from 54 spectacles wearers. The results are as follow : 1. The most common causes of physical complaints are slipping forward(73.1%), nose pressure(67.3%), loose or wobbly(50.0%) and the most popular causes of visual complaints are dizzy(40.3%) 2. The degree of physical complaints are slipping forward(l.O), nose pressure (0.8), loose or wobbly(0.7) and the degree of visual complaints are dizzy(0.6) 3. The degree of physical complaints are serious in the case where the adjustment state of the spectacles is improper and it slips forward even in the proper adjustment state. 4. In the spectacles wearers group who experienced dizzy complaint and ohjeet size change, there is more BO prism effect than the other group who didn't experience visual complaint, but there 1s no BI and vertical prism effect between those groups. 5. The spherical equivalent difference has no effect on the visual complaint of the spectacle wearers in middle school ages. As the result, the most common causes of the spectacle wearers in the middle school ages are slipping forward and dizzy and whose degree are more serious than the other causes. And the spectacle adjustment state, prism effect and spherical equivalent difference have no effect on the complaints of the spectacle wearers in middle school ages.

Regional foods is influenced by weather, local and social environment etc. The purpose of this study was to understand that regional foods in the middle of Chosun Dynasty through Domundaejac. Some of representative dishes of the Hansung and Kyonggi-do Area is duck(rice cake) of seasonally celebrated days, hangua(korea confectionary) and rice wine. Typical foods in Chungchong-do Area is included persimmon, jujube, watermelon and wax gourd. Some of the well-known food in Kangwon-do Area is pear, bangpungchuk(gruel), sukebyung(rice cake), woongjijunggua(korea confectionary) and sanat-kimchi(picked mustard leaves and stem) that is seemed characteristics of mountainous section. Some of the famous dishes in Cholla-do Area is backsanja(korea confectionary), tea, chuksun kimchi(bamboo shoot pickle), citrus fruits and ear shell. Kyongsan-do Area ia famous persimmon, bamboo fruit, dasik(korea confectionary) and yakban(glutinous rice cake). Hwanghae-do Area is famed pear and choshi as assumed the eatly form of gochujang(thick soypaste mixed with red pepper). Representative dishes are deljjuk(blue berry), herring, sangat-kimchi(picked mustard leaves and sterm) in Hamgyong-do Area and daemandu(big dumpling) in Pyongan-do Area. The coast area is famous for using lots of sea food. Fresh seafood is consumed raw, and clams, fish and seaweed are liberally added to soups and other dishes. The East coast is catched salmon, flatfish, codfish, sandfish and mackerel The West coast is catched yellow corvenia, lobster, tiny shrimp and large-eyed herring. The South coast is catched sea mussel, codfish and laver.

This study analysed the result of a survey answered by 120 technology teachers and 360 students from 357 middle schools in Seoul to find out the actual state of safety accidents during technology education activity course in the middle school class and safety awareness of the teachers and students. The result shows that many safety accidents happen during technology education activity course in the middle school class. However, most teachers and students have experienced safety accidents or dangerous situations more than once a year. Technology teachers had very low awareness on the states of retaining safety equipments. On the other hand, they were well aware of the importance of safety, including the actual states of safety education, knowledge of safety, and the will to join safety education. Therefore, safety awareness of technology teachers should be reinforced by the extension of safety training and the improvement of safe environments.

본 연구에서는 성별에 따라 소집단 구성 방법을 달리한 두 가지 협동학습의 교수방법이 학생의 학업 성취도와 과학 학습 태도에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 중학교 2학년의 3개 학급 144명을 대상으로 지구과학 분야의 수업을 처치하여 전체 및 남녀 학생별로 이들 효과를 공변량 분석하였다. 통제 집단에 대하여는 전통적인 수업을 실시하였다. 처치 수업 전에 과학 학습 태도에 관한 질문지가 학생에게 배포되었고, 이 점수를 공변인으로 사용하였다. 처치 후에는 본 연구에서 개발된 과학 학업성취도와 관련된 문항과 함께 같은 질문지가 사용되었다. 학업성취도, 그리고 학습태도의 하위영역인 과학교과에 대한 인식의 성차에서 수업처치의 주효과 그리고 수업처치와 성별 사이의 상호작용 효과는 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 과학 수업에 대한 태도에서는 전체 학생에서 동성끼리 소집단을 구성한 협동학습 집단의 점수가 이성의 경우보다 유의미하게 높았다. 수업환경의 인식에 대한 전체 학생의 점수는 전통적 수업집단보다 두 협동학습 집단에서 유의미하게 높았으며, 이러한 경향은 여학생에서 동성끼리 소집단을 구성한 협동학습 집단에서 더욱 현저하였다.

이 연구는 중학교 1학년 과학의 '지각의 물질과 변화' 단원을 공부한 중학생들이 학습한 지질개념을 자연환경과 생활주변에 얼마나 연계시켜 인식하고 있는가를 조사하여 학교교육과 생활환경과의 연계성을 논의하고 주변 자연환경의 차이가 개념 이해와 과학적 태도에 얼마나 영향을 주는지 연구하였다. 연구 대상은 전라북도 전주시, 부안군, 진안군 소재 중학교 2학년 학생 330명을 대상으로 조사했다. 광물과 암석의 경우, 학교학습에서 그 표본관찰 등으로 개념은 정립되어 있는 것으로 분석되었으나, 생활주변의 암석을 관심있게 관찰한 학생은 16%에 불과하며 대부분은 관심이 없다. 전라북도 내 소읍지역 부안과 진안지역에는 주변에 특별한 지층과 지질구조를 가진 채석강과 마이산 등이 있어 암석 및 지질구조의 야외관찰 학습에 연계 지도가 용이한 지역이나 전주지역 학생보다 관찰경험이 조금 많을 뿐, 전 지역 학생들 모두 야외관찰 학습을 거의 하지 않고 있다. '지각의 물질과 변화' 단원의 학습 시, 주변의 야외 관찰 학습장을 찾아서 광물과 암석을 채집해 관찰하고 크고 작은 지질구조를 입체적으로 관찰함으로써 학습의 효과를 높이도록 해야 한다.

The purpose of the study was to compare the satisfaction level on hospital meal size and actual intake rate of hospital foods between elderly and middle aged patients. Sixty one middle aged and one hundered thirty two elderly patients were surveyed on the foods served in the hospital-rice, soup, meat/fish, vegetable, kimchi and daily products. Compared to the middle aged patients, the more elderly thought the serving size of rice was too big(p<0.05), and those of soup, meat/fish and kimchi tended to be too big. There was no difference in the satisfaction level on the serving size of vegetable dish between two age groups. In actual intake rates of hospital meal there were no significant differences between the elderly and middle aged patients. However, the elderly male ate significantly(p<0.05) less amount of rice than the middle aged male and the elderly female ate significantly(p<0.01) less amount of meat/fish then the middle aged female. Satisfaction levels and actual intake rates were significantly correlated in all food items.

This study was carried out to compare the dietary behaviors and the nutrient intake of a middle school and a high school girls in Iksan. The subjects consisted of 132 middle school girls and 122 high school girls in Iksan. The proportion of subjects eating meals irregularly was higher in the high school girls (98.6%) than in the middle school girls(78.7%). The proportion of subjects skipping a meal also was higher in the high school girls(61.5%) than in the middle school girls(53.8%) and most of them (65.8%) skipped breakfast though they thought breakfast was the most important meal of a day (87.4%). The subjects tended to overeat at lunch (38.6%), and at dinner (55.9%). The main reasons of skipping a meal were 1. They had no time (49.3%), and 2. They had poor appetite (24.7%) Mean daily energy intake was 2198.5Kcal in the middle school girls and 2150.5Kcal in the high school girls and mean daily intake of protein, iron, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and niacin was significantly higher (p〈0.05, p〈0.01) in the middle school girls than in the high school girls. Mean daily calcium, iron, vitamin B1, vitamin A and C intake of middle school girls were lower than those of RDA and all nutrients intake of high school girls except for phosphorus was lower than those of RDA. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) was under 1.0 for calcium, iron, vitamin A, B1 and C. Mean blood level of cholesterol, triglyceride, Hb, Hct, GOT, GPT were 170.9mg/dl, 78.9mg/dl, 13.1g/dl, 39.5%, 18.8mg/d and 15.7mg/dl, respectively.

Stroke occurs when local thrombosis, embolic particle or the rupture of blood vessele interrupts the blood floe to the brain. -estradiol 17-valerate has been reported to exert neuroprotective effects when administered before an ischemic insult. Recently, the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia has been studied extensively in rat with various methods. In the present study, we investigates whether -estrodiol 17-valerate can protect against brain injury. RNA sample were extracted from the hippocampus of female rat, reverse-transcription in the presence of [32p] dATP. Differential gene express-ion profiles were revealed (Bone morphogenetic protein type 1A receptor, Protein disulphide isomerase, Leukemia inhibitor factor receptor, cytochrome bc- 1 complex-x core P, thiol-specific antioxidant protein). RT-PCR was used to validate the relative expression pattern obtained by the cDNA array. The precise relationship between the early expression of recovery genes and stroke is a matter of luther investigation. This Study was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation(KOSEF) through the Biohealth Products Research Center(BPRC), Inje University, Korea.