미디어 영상, 예술 분야에서의 표현 특징들 중 초현실주의의 표현 기법을 이용한 많은 작품이 출시되고 있으며 이에 대한 연구가 시작 진행되고 있다. 그러나 아직 게임 캐릭터의 표현 특징 중 초현실주의의 표현 특징에 관한 연구는 거의 전무한 상태이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 초현실주의에서의 표현 기법을 중심으로 판타지 게임 캐릭터의 표현 특징을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 초현실주의에서는 신체의 일부와 동물 또는 다른 사물을 꼴라쥬 하는 형태와 변형, 그리고 왜곡을 이용하여 현실에 존재하지 않는 이미지들을 표현하였는데 이러한 방법들은 판타지를 기반으로 한 온라인 게임 캐릭터에서도 유사하게 사용되었다. 본 논문은 미학적 맥락 속에서 판타지 게임 캐릭터들의 특징을 분석하여 현 시대 문화적 배경 속에 게이머들의 심리를 이해하여 보다 호감 있고 창조적인 게임 캐릭터 제작에 도움을 주며, 예술 기법 활용의 가능성을 증가시켜 창의적인 게임 그래픽 제작의 가능성을 여는데 의미가 있다.

This interior landscape design was proposed for the Han kyung zic memorial hall in soongsil university. Exhibition spaces have been recognized as places for the exchange of information, and various exhibitions and expositions have actively been held. Thus, the need for systematical design and planning of interior landscaping of a variety of exhibition places is called for. The goals of this study is to offer the opportunity of contact with the harmony of creation. Analyzing the harmony of creation which are appeared in architectural and interior landscape design, it is found out that a strong theme is needed to landscape an exhibition space. The theme is useful to increase the recognition and concentration of visitors, draw their attention, and convey clear information. Through the exhibition created by this plan, we will have more opportunity of contact with harmony of creation. An Exhibition space is a place where visitors meet and communicate with each other. Thus, design and planning of interior landscape considering the characteristics of exhibition spaces are expected to provide more information and interests with visitors. In this regard, systematical studies need to be conducted in link with the field of exhibition design.

Pil-Hwan Lee. 2003. A Historical Study on English Negative Expressions - with Special Reference to the Methodology in English Historical Syntax. Studies in Modern Grammar 31, 107-136. This is a study on the changes in sentential negation in English, from Old English to the present day, in terms of Jespersen`s(1917) Negative Cycle. The Negative Cycle is an assumption that negative adverbs are depleted lexical meaning they undergo phonological and morphosyntactic reduction to a bound morpheme prefixed to the finite verb. The history of English clearly supports this assumption. The issue is how to explain these aspects of changes. van Kemenade(1997a, 1997c, 1999, 2000) tries to account for the history of English sentential negation as a pure case of morphosyntactic change. It means that the change was triggered by structural factors. However, it is argued in this paper that the triggering factor for the change is the weakening of meaning. In other words, negative adverbs are morphologically and syntactically weakened to negative head status due to the semantic bleaching of negation and to the overlapping function in expressing sentential negation in NegP. The two positions in NegP inherently presuppose the functional redundancy in expressing sentential negation, so the specifier of NegP is generally weakened to Neg˚.

Kwon Young-Moon. 1999. Meaning Aspects of Complex Expressions. Studies in Modern Grammar 16, 199-219. The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning aspects of complex expressions. Complexity in thought tends to be reflected in complexity of expression. A complex expression has added morphemes or cannot neutralize in meaning in contexts that the almost equivalent expression can. Iconic motivation is reflected in linguistic expressions such as followings: singular - plural, affirmative negative, male - female, present - nonpresent, state - change of state, noun - pronoun, adjective - adverb, positive - comparative - superlative, cardinal - ordinal, and so on. The complexity principle is based on cognitive factors such as attention, priority, mental efforts, and so forth. To structuralize language through conceptualization is cognitively efficient, and it helps us to communicate with each other efficiently.

Chung, Sang-Hun. 1998. An Image-Schematic Analysis of Values in Linguistic Expressions. Studies in Modern Grammatical Theories 12, 225-240. The purpose of this study is to analyze some aspects of value systems reflected in linguistic expressions by means of the image-schematic approach that Mark Johnson has presented, and axiological semantics which studies values with reference to the meaning of various linguistic expressions, and whose task is to describe those values and ways in which they determine both the structure and the functioning of human language as manifested in human communication. The concepts `good` and `bad`, and Tischner`s hierarchy of values have been used. The results of the study are as follows; First, image-schemata are primarily based on human bodily experiences. Second, image-schemata which are based on different clusters of experiences are bi-polar. They have a `good` pole and a `bad` pole. Third, center, link, whole, up, front, right are regarded as `good`, while periphery, no link, part, down, back, left as `bad`. Fourth, `bad` can be defined relative to `good`. but not the reverse. Things canbe `bad` only to the extent to which they are `not good`, for the experience of `bad` comes from the experience of `lack`. Fifth, positively charged concepts are more likely to be unmarked forms, while negatively charged concepts are more likely to be marked forms.

This thesis reflects the relations between words and music in a Korean Hymn, 'Lift Your Eyes And Look to Heaven' written by Park Jaehoon. This song is made on the basis of one of Seok Jinyoung's Poems during the Korean War in 1952 when Korea was confused extremely. The texts consist of Enhancing the reasonability of Christians, who should witness the gospel of full hope in the cries of wounded spirits. This hymn has some following characteristics. The poet uses the repeated phrase at the first and last lines. As a topic the main context of the each paragraph is placed after the first repeated phrase. The important contexts are complemented and expressed from in the second line. This matter includes a theologic ascension focused by the Word Jesus. Each line is contrasted in the view of the total structure. This comparative text is hardly compared with a single paragraph song. Even an uniformed single paragraph can not explain this ascented expression in each distinguished text. For example, why does the writer express the cries of sigh in the seventh measure in the first paragraph and the waters of life in the same measure in the second paragraph. But we can see the characteristic expression which this complicated poem has, Mr. Park would like to give the total form and mood rather than the description of each word. He uses the characteristics and advantages of multi-paragraphic songs, which is proved as the following matters. One of the most outstanding points in common is two sucessive measure structure. The meaning change and complexity of each paragraph are not described directly as a picture but is expressed indirectly by variations which are shown in the repetition of melody and harmony. But the most important matter is the poetic and musical mood in common. The main phrases 'The cries of sigh in real' and 'the demand for improvement' have repeated expressions such as phrases 'Lift your eyes and look to heaven' and 'O believer What will you do', rhythms 'the pattern of sigh' and 'the pattern of calling.' The peak of the third lines have not only a negative word 'sigh' but also the positive word 'Jesus', We can find that this part makes the complement efficient and implies the main words in the last part of the first line. As an exception we can understand that the last phrase of the second line 'the cries of sigh' and the fourth line 'O believer' are concretely described as a picture. This is interpreted as a disadvantage of the limit in multi-paragraph and as a great merit of expression for total mood. In conclusion I dare to say the hymn 'Lift your eyes And Look to Heaven' is a skillful and witted art which resolves absolute or relative problems in words and musi

Hong, Se-Il. 1997. Pragmatic Function of Questions: Their Illocutionary Forces and Social Hierarchy. Studies in Modern Grammatical Theories, 11: 143-161. Questioning is a speech act which affect the way of conveying meaning and the meaning of questions must be partly dependent of rules governing social relationships. The primary purpose of this paper is to show the relationship between the pragmatic functions of questions and social hierarchy between speaker and listener. Three oral corpus of English and two TV drama scripts of Korean were examined and three different kinds of relationship (intimacy, authority, social distance) were assumed. The findings are as follows: 1) Questions can be classified in the modes of their pragmatic function: information questions, examination questions, rhetorical questions, requests, statements. 2) According to the English data, when information is requested, we have the expression of immediate concern. The function of examination questions is to control the respondent`s knowledge, while questions of indirect requests function as requests. Formality characterizes the use of questions of indirect requests and social relationships the use of rhetorical questions. 3) Korean data show that social hierarchy influences more heavily on the speaker`s discourse strategies in choosing the mode of questions. < Table 2 > manifests that information is easily obtained by friends or close family members, while it is rarely or indirectly obtained by senior members or authority figures.

Chung, Moo-Joo. 1996. Perceptual Strategies for the Spatial Expressions Related to `Front/Back` and `Left/Right` Orientation. Studies in Modern Grammatical Theories, 8: 71-89. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the fact that spatial expressions linked with front/back and left/right have both deictic and non-deictic roles according as the specified reference point possesses any intrinsic orientational properties of direction. The results are as follow: First, native speakers of Korean tend to use a deictic strategy (regardless of any kind of dynamic feature) when the referent point does not possess any intrinsic front/back axis. It was observed, however, that a deictic strategy can still be used even when the specified reference point possesses orientational properties, if the uttenance context involves a kind of speaker-centering. Second, the shift between deictic and absolute strategies also occurs with spatial expressions involving `left` and `right`. Speakers of Korean tend to use a deictic strategy for the left/right orientation when the referent has the features of [-intrinsic front/back] and [-intrinsic left/right], whereas an absolute strategy is used for the reference point with intrinsic front/back and left/ right. The shift between these two strategies is confined to a deictic one when the referent object and the speaker are aligned in the same direction.