Analyzing the observational data of volcanic activities around the northern part of Korean peninsula, the odds of volcano eruption increases continuously. For example, the cumulative seismic moment and frequence observed near Mt. Baekdu show a sudden increased values. In this study, predicting the diffusion of volcanic ash for two cases were carried out by using interactive realtime simulator, which was developed during last 2 years as a research and development project. The first case is Sakurajima volcano (VEI=3) erupted in August 2013. The second case is assumed as the volcanic eruption at Mt. Baekdu (VEI=7) under landing circumstance of typhoon Maemi (August 2003) in Korean peninsula. The synoptic condition and ash diffusion for the two cases were simulated by WRF(Weather Research and Forecast) model and Lagrangian dispersion model, respectively. Comparing the simulated result of the first case (i.e., Sakurajima volcano) with satellite image, the diffusion pattern show acceptable result. The interactive realtime simulator can be available to support decision making under volcanic disaster around East Asia by predicting several days of ash dispersion within several minutes with ordinary desktop personal computer.

An attempt is made to analyse characteristic features of heavy rainfalls which occur at the metropolitan area of the Korean peninsular the on- and off- Changma season. For this, two representative heavy rainfall episodes are selected; one is the on-Changma season wherein a torrential rain episode happened at Goyang city on 12 July 2006, and the other is the off-Changma season, a heavy rainfall event in Seoul on 21 September 2006. Both recorded considerable amounts of precipitation, over 250mm in a half-day, which greatly exceeded the amount expected by numerical prediction models at those times, and caused great damage to property and life in the affected area. Similarities in the characteristics of both episodes were shown by; the location of upper-level jet streak and divergence fields of the upper wind over heavy rainfall areas, significantly high equivalent potential temperatures in the low atmospheric layer due to the entrainment of hot and humid air by the low-level jet, and the existence of very dry air and cold air pool in the middle layer of the atmosphere at the peak time of the rainfall events. Among them, differences in dynamic features of the low-level jet and the position of rainfall area along the low-level jet are remarkable.

This Study is described safe and efficient Damage Estimation for underwater structures with equipment(3-D scan sonar). Which is conducted inspection in compliance to actual domestic situation and take a dive investigation of actual underwater dam facility directly.

This study is to suggest the improving methods for rural community centers by analysis of 30 community centers in Samnangjin-eup, Miryang city, Gyeongnam. To fulfill this purpose, the facilities, usable condition and management system were examined. The user needs and level of satisfaction were also investigated through the interviews with 858 citizens. The average size of the centers is 96m2, and 73% of them are one-story buildings. Women use the community center more frequently than men in ratio of 6:4. 43.4% of interviewees visit the center 1 or 2 times a month, but on the other hand 27.4% of them use the center almost every day. Recess is surely the main purpose, and health care and community meeting are next two reasons. 67.8% and 72.4% of them are not satisfied with the inside and outside of the community center respectively. The interview results demonstrate that the most important issue is the lack of facilities. To improve the community centers in Samnangjin-eup, first of all, various kinds of indoor and outdoor facilities must be equipped. Secondly, considering the center is the core of rural community life, the qualitative improvement in accommodation is also needed as well as facility diversification. The efficiency of space utilization is another issue. A small piece of land or abandoned space must be utilized. Moreover, it is very critical that the users are mostly seniors and elders, so improvements of facilities will be executed in terms of safety and convenience. Finally, administrative and financial support should be made for the people, so as to maintain the the rural community center on their own.

Korean Association of Criminal Case Studies that had scientific seminar for the first time on February 22, 1992 had 20th anniversary. On June 1, 1993, Pakyoungsa published No.1 of Korean Journal of Criminal Case Studies that included 14 theses released one year since February 1992. Since then, Korean Journal of Criminal Case Studies was published continuously, and it was likely to publish volume 20 in June 2012. The annotations that were published by Korean Association of Criminal Case Studies were written by 146 authors to include 404. The Korean Association of Criminal Case Studies selected either judicial precedents in dispute or judicial precedents from anther point of view to investigate from point of view of criticism and to be likely to develop continuously. Collection of Korean Journal of Criminal Case Studies that increased number of volume was likely to have model of journal of criminal case studies, for instance, wide scope of judicial precedents, variety of authors and annotation methods to have literary values.

상수관망의 노후화에 따라 관파괴와 같은 상수관망의 용수공급 성능을 저하시키는 사고가 자주 발생하게 된다. 이때 파괴부분의 수리나 유지보수를 위해서 물의 흐름을 차단해야 하며 이를 위해서 제수밸브를 차폐하게 된다. 제수밸브는 상수관망 전체에 넓게 분포하고 있으며 설치개수도 관망의 크기에 따라 만개 이상이 설치되어 있다. 이러한 이유로 제수밸브의 유지보수에는 많은 시간과 노력이 필요하다. 제한된 인력과 비용으로 최대의 효과를 얻기 위해서는 제수밸브의 중요도를 평가, 등급화 한 후 중요한 제수밸브들을 우선적으로 관리하는 것이 효율적이다. 본 연구에서는 제수밸브의 중요도 등급을 결정하는 기법을 다수의 실제 상수관망에 적용하여 제수밸브별 상대적 중요도를 산정하고 산정된 결과를 분석하여 실제 상수관망에서 제수밸브 중요도의 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 상수관의 관파괴에 의한 단수의 피해는 단수인구로 정량화하였으며 이를 위해서 segment 및 unintended isolation을 전체 상수관망을 대상으로 결정하였다. 이를 바탕으로 제수밸브의 중요도는 VII(Valve Importance Index)로 정량화 되었다. 적용된 실제 상수관망은 국내 10개 중블록, 국외 3개 관망이다. 제수밸브의 중요도 특성 파악결과, 배수지에 가까운 제수밸브와 같이 명백하게 중요한 밸브 이외에도 관망의 중앙부분에 위치한 제수밸브도 중요한 경우가 많았으며 관망의 구조적인 연결성에도 많은 영향을 받고 있음을 확인하였다.

백두산화산대응체계 구축을 위하여, 북한을 포함한 중국, 일본 등의 동아시아 지역 이외에 범세계적인 화산전문가의 국제협력 네트워크를 구축할 필요성에 따라, 이를 가시화하기 위한 도구로서 화산연구관련 포털을 고려하게 되었다. 타 방재분야와는 달리 기상학적 상황, 지질학적 조건, GIS 및 원격탐사 자료의 융합이 절대적으로 필요한 관계로 포털 및 전문가 정보관리체계를 위한 프레임워크를 구성하기 위하여 전 세계적으로 가장 활발한 화산전문 포털인 V-hub의 내용 및 기술적 구성을 검토하여 백두산을 포함한 한국의 화산연구 포털에 필요한 항목을 도출하고 이를 구현하기 위한 방안을 검토하였다. V-hub는 미국의 NSF(National Science Foundation)에서 지원하고 있으며, 실시간정보의 제공과 논문 및 인력 아카이빙 체계를 복합적으로 유지하고 있다는 측면에서 그 위상이 다른 재난정보 서비스 사이트와의 차별성을 확인할 수 있었다. 국내의 활동인력과 현황에 대한 검토 결과 보다 많은 연구자들이 참석할 필요가 있을 것으로 사료되며, 특히 국가의 위성프로그램을 보유한 나라로서 원격탐사분야 및 지질학 분야의 가능성이 가장 클 것으로 기대된다.

This research focuses on analyzing the problems of guideline signs, facilities and length of nature trails of Odaesan and Seoraksan national park, and aims to help the preservation of nature by increasing the efficiency of children's learning of nature by observing the usage of nature trails in the children's point of view. On-site research and questionnaire research took place in November 2008 and february 2008. Considering the contemporary problems, we have proposed the location change of guideline signs to be suitable for children and also the change of its design for children's increased attention.

본 연구는 생태보전과 지역민의 경제적 편익에 중점을 둔 생태관광형 축제 중의 하나인 봉화송이축제 방문객의 만족도를 조사하고 축제 프로그램의 만족도 향상을 위한 방안을 제시 하고자 하였다. 생태관광축제를 2년간 조사한 점에서 기존 연구와 차별성을 가진다. 본 연구를 위해 2005년 봉화송이축제 방문객 236명과 2006년 봉화 송이춘양목축제 방문객 238명을 대상으로 방문객 만족을 조사하였다. 조사방법으로는 설문조사와 인터뷰가 사용되었고, 설문조사는 2005년 9월 24일에서 27일 까지 그리고 2006년 9월 29일에서 10월 2일 까지 행해졌다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 방문객들은 체험 프로그램인 송이채취프로그램에 대한 만족도가 다른 프로그램에 비해 매우 높았다. 더욱 많은 방문객들이 참가하기를 원하였다. 둘째, 방문객들은 보전 관련 프로그램인 반딧불이 일생에 대해 큰 흥미를 나타내었다. 생태보전에 대한 이해도 향상과 방문자 만족을 위해 질 높은 해설자의 필요성이 더욱 강조된다. 셋째, 프로그램과 관련된 지역민들의 편익에 있어, 방문객들은 축제를 통해 봉화가 송이의 특산지임을 다시 한번 느꼈고 지역 특산물인 송이를 구매한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 조선시대 왕궁 건축 건립에 사용된 봉화 춘양목의 가치에 대한 재인식, 춘양목을 활용한 전통 건축 퍼즐 만들기, 그리고 전통결혼식 등을 통해 지역문화도 이해하게 된 것으로 밝혀졌다.

This study aims to evaluate urban parks in terms of public service and to find ways to elevate user satisfaction for the creation and usage of an urban park, on the assumption that an urban park is a sort of urban public service. To achieve this, the study relied on two methods: the descriptive method of researching publications and related scholastic writings, and the empirical study method including a survey and interviews with respondents. As a result, "Conviction for a local government" was the highest item and "benefit of urban parks", "physical environment", and "safety" were of lower orders of evaluation. On the contrary, "park information" and "reflecting of park users' opinion" were the lowest item. This means although the local government has enough ability to provide and manage physical park facilities, the government passes secondary service over lightly, in terms of public service. Correlation and regression analysis showed all positively correlated factors: “Y = -0.465 + 0.164 X1 + 0.176 X2 + 0.197 X3 + 0.169 X4 + 0.186 X5 + 0.148 X6 + 0.112 X7” (Y = park service satisfaction, X1 = credibility, X2 = originality, X3 = accessibility, X4 = representative, X5 = physical settings, X6 = safety, X7 = consensus).Urban parks must be essential public facilities in urban city. Therefore, for maximizing park benefits, more careful consideration will be made in terms of the public service of urban park.