The long-term biological monitoring data in domestic streams need to be appropriately analyzed. Food-web analysis using network-based approach can give ecological implications on these kinds of data by including interactions between species. The purpose of this study is constructing food-webs as a preliminary step of the analysis. We used observed species list data for 8 years (2008-2015) provided in Water Information System (WIS), focusing cheonggye streams as a case study. On the basis of species interaction dataset extracted from Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI) database, 96 food-webs were constructed. In further studies, these food-webs could be analyzed in various ways such as static, dynamic and spatial approaches.

The purpose of this study was to analyze some parameters’ effects on buckling behavior of Sinusoidal Corrugated Web using finite element analysis program. Studying buckling behavior is one of the most important things to design sinusoidal corrugated web girders and predict the shear performance. In this paper, Four parameters of Sinusoidal Corrugated Web, which are thickness( ), height( ), wave height( ) and wave length( ), were selected for buckling behavior analysis. Via buckling analysis, it is shown that  ,  and  have influence on shear buckling stress, Initial stiffness and reduced strength after buckling.

PURPOSES: The occurrence of unexpected disasters, including fire events, increases as the road network becomes complicated and traffic volume increases. When a fire event occurs on and under bridges, the damage extensively influences direct damage to structures, vehicles, and human life and secondary socioeconomic issues owing to traffic blockage. This study investigated potential fire-hazard risks on bridges of the Korean national route roadMETHODS: The investigation was conducted using field investigation and analysis with satellite pictures and road views from commercial websites and the Bridge Management System (BMS). From the filed investigation, various potential fire resources were identified. The satellite pictures and road views were helpful in measuring and recognizing conditions underneath bridges, stowage areas, etc.RESULTS : There are various potential fire resources underneath bridges such as piled agricultural products, parked petroleum tanks, construction equipment, and attached high-voltage cables. A total of 94.6% of bridges have underneath clearances of less than 15 m. A bridge underneath volume that can stow a potential fire hazard resource was 7,332 m3 on average, and most bridges have about 4,000 m3 of space. Based on the BMS data, the amounts of PSC and steel girders were 29% and 25%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS : It was found that the amount of stowed potential fire hazard resources was proportional to the underneath space of bridges. Most bridges have less than 15 m of vertical clearance that can be considered as a critical value for a bridge fire. The fire risk investigation results should be helpful for developing bridge fire-protection tools.

In this study, we proposed a method for correcting non-compliance of the web standard in webpages based on the characteristics of sampled webpages. We collected about 70,000 webpages by using a web crawler and analyzed them by applying various statistical methods. We found that the top three most frequent types of errors and warnings consist of about 60% and 80% of the total number of errors and warnings, respectively. Based on these results, we focus on correcting four most frequent errors and warnings, and showed that the strategy corrected about 95% of these errors and warnings. In addition, we found that different types of errors and warnings are correlated in such a way that correcting one type of error or warning influences on the correction of another types.

Understanding biotic interactions is important to illustrate ecological functions of stream environments. The purposeof this study is to compare the ecological functions of natural and artificial streams. For linking species, we used bioticinteraction databases and made food-webs for species lists of 18 streams in Seoul, Korea. We conducted species removalanalysis of networks and compared network beta-diversity between watersheds. The results showed that natural streamswere more affected by a removal of keystone species than artificial streams. The cheonggye watershed including artificialstreams had high dissimilarities among streams, presenting that artificial streams had different functions from natural streams.

본 논문은 시뮬레이터 시스템이 가지는 복잡성과 확장성 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 웹 기술을 이용한 선박운항 시뮬레이터 프레임워크를 제안한다. 기존 시뮬레이터 시스템의 필수 기능을 분석하고, 이를 대체할 수 있는 웹 기반 기술을 선별하여 프레임워크를 구성하였다. 또한, 이를 바탕으로 서버와 클라이언트 핵심 기술을 구현하였으며, 이를 통합하여 웹 브라우저를 통해 사용이 가능한 선박운항 시뮬레이터 시스템의 시작품을 제작하였다. 제작된 시작품은 시험평가를 통해 시간과 장소의 제약을 받지 않고 다수의 사용자가 동시에 시뮬레이션 서비스를 이용할 수 있음을 확인하였으며, 향후 다양한 시뮬레이션 분야에 적용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

플로우 데이터는 지역간 공간적 상호작용이나 상호작용에 따른 공간 조직의 형성과 변화 등을 분석하고 이해하는데 중요한 자료로 활용되고 있다. 플로우 데이터에 대한 전통적인 지도학적 시각화 방법으로 널리 사용되고 있는 유선도는 복잡하고 많은 유선의 표현에 따른 낮은 가독성이나 중첩성 등이 한계로 지적되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 최근 비공간적 데이터 뿐 아니라 공간 데이터의 새로운 재현 방법으로 각광받고 있는 정보 시각화 도구에 주목하여, 플로우 데이터의 지리적 시각화 기법으로서 정보 시각화 도구의 적용가능성을 탐색하고 각 기법에 대한 유용성을 체계적으로 평가하고자 한다. 이를 위해 자바스크립트 기반의 데이터 시각화 라이브러리인 D3.js의 강제 유향 그래프, 코드 다이어그램, 위계적 엣지 번들링, 생키 다이어그램, 시간 거리 그래프를 활용하였으며, 실제 고속 철도 운행 플로우에 대한 다양한 시각화 사례를 실제로 개발하여 보여주고 있다. 사례 분석 결과, 각 정보 시각화 기법은 전통적인 유선도가 갖는 한계들을 효과적으로 극복할 수 있으며, 플로우 데이터에 대한 대안적인 시각화 기법으로 유용하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 이를 통해 본 연구는 플로우 데이터의 지리적 시각화 분야에 유용한 가이드라인을 제공할 수 있고, 지리학, 지도학 및 공간 정보 분야에서 공간 정보의 매핑과 시각화 방법에 대한 인식적 변화를 가져올 것으로 기대한다.

Congenital duodenal obstruction is a rare cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction caused by various intrinsic and extrinsic congenital lesions. Annular pancreas is one of the causes of extrinsic duodenal obstruction and a duodenal web is one of the causes of intrinsic duodenal obstruction. The simultaneous occurrence of an extrinsic and intrinsic pathology is rare. Only four such cases have been reported in literature. We present a similar case of male neonate with partial duodenal obstruction caused by annular pancreas and an intrinsic duodenal web.

This research is aimed at developing Web-Based Instructional Media in the Indonesian senior high school writing class. The Dick and Carey Model (2009) was employed as the development model. The steps began with identifying instructional goals, conducting instructional analysis, analyzing learners and contexs, writing the performance objectives, developing assessment instruments and instructional strategies, developing and selecting instructional materials, designing and conducting formative evaluation of instruction, revising, and finally designing and conducting summative evaluation. The overall results identified that the Educational Technology Expert validation reached 94.62%, the Media Expert reached 99.04%, and the Matter Expert reached 85.00%. These results proved that the use of Web-Based Instructional Media significantly improved the students’ writing skills. The small group trial demonstrated 78.38%, while the field trial 82.79%; these showed that the Web-Based Instructional Media could be implemented both in the small group and the field trial. In conclusion, the results of the expert validation and the field trials stated that the web-based instructional media is highly appropriate use in improving Bahasa Indonesian students writing skills.

Forecasting of box office performance after a film release is very important, from the viewpoint of increase profitability by reducing the production cost and the marketing cost. Analysis of psychological factors such as word-of-mouth and expert assessment is essential, but hard to perform due to the difficulties of data collection. Information technology such as web crawling and text mining can help to overcome this situation. For effective text mining, categorization of objects is required. In this perspective, the objective of this study is to provide a framework for classifying films according to their characteristics. Data including psychological factors are collected from Web sites using the web crawling. A clustering analysis is conducted to classify films and a series of one-way ANOVA analysis are conducted to statistically verify the differences of characteristics among groups. The result of the cluster analysis based on the review and revenues shows that the films can be categorized into four distinct groups and the differences of characteristics are statistically significant. The first group is high sales of the box office and the number of clicks on reviews is higher than other groups. The characteristic of the second group is similar with the 1st group, while the length of review is longer and the box office sales are not good. The third group's audiences prefer to documentaries and animations and the number of comments and interests are significantly lower than other groups. The last group prefer to criminal, thriller and suspense genre. Correspondence analysis is also conducted to match the groups and intrinsic characteristics of films such as genre, movie rating and nation.

This study about hotel bookings in Spain analyzes the influence of three low price signals and the type of distribution channel on perceived value and behavioral intentions: Positive influences on perceived value and buying intention were found for price beating guarantee and for always low price signals but the distribution channel was only found to have an effect on behavioral intentions. Finally, it has been detected that gender plays a moderating role on both perceived value and buying intention.

This study is intended to provide marketing practitioners with an overview of web analytics to explore the issue of how to define and measure the effectiveness of social media through analyzing the various activities of current/potential consumers as well as provide a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of digital content marketing using social media. These analytics answer broad questions about which types of social media metrics are best at referring traffic, about conversations at the organization’s website, and about comparing different social media channels, such as Facebook and Twitter in this study. The major goal of this study is to demonstrate the value of businesses’ efforts and to optimize their digital/social marketing strategy using web analytics. Based on this goal three research questions were identified: (1) can the model identify social media performance variables that are related to audience response which can be represented by website traffic?; (2) which social media sties are driving traffic to a firm’s website, specifically in B2B environment?; and (3) can the model provide insight into the importance of those variables? These analytics employ time series analysis to specifically address activities in SNSs that effectively drive traffic to a website and accomplish business goals. This study is one of the first empirical investigations in the marketing communication field related to measuring social media’s effectiveness.

Concrete has been widely used for material of bridge girder. However, Concrete is considered as inefficient material for long-span girder. Because it has low material strength compared with those of steel girder, huge cross sectional area are required to have same strength of steel girder bridges. UHPC(Ultra High Performance Concrete) as new material is developed to supplement this weakness of concrete. UHPC has high compressive strength and show softness behavior due to it is reinforced by fiber. If UHPC has no any reinforcement for shear, diagonal tension crack failure is dominant like normal concrete. So, reinforcement for shear is essential and prestress is efficient method of reinforcement for UHPC due to high compressive strength. However, design equation for shear strength suggested by K-UHPC Certification(2012) do not consider prestress effect. Therefore, this study investigate effect of prestress for shear strength of ultra high performance concrete I-girder by using finite element analysis program

국립생물자원관에서는 자생생물 조사 및 발굴 사업을 포 함한 다양한 생물다양성 관련 사업들을 통해 표본과 생물소 재 등을 확보하고 있다. 기확보된 표본과 생물자원의 위치 정보에 근거한 자생생물의 정확한 분포 정보의 체계적인 관리 및 활용을 위하여 2014년 생물공간정보 서비스를 구 축하였다. 생물공간정보 서비스에서는 생물종 분포, 지역별 분포, 주제별 분포, 프로젝트별 그리고 채집자별 분포 정보 를 서비스하고 있다. 생물종 분포 메뉴에서는 하나의 생물종을 선택한 후 전국 또는 지역별 분포 지도를 조회할 수 있으며, 지역별 분포에 서 행정구역(시·도, 시·군·구), 생태경관보전지역, 국립공원 을 선택하여 해당 지역 내 분포하고 있는 생물종을 조회할 수 있도록 하였다. 행정구역에서는 광역시·도 및 시·군·구를 선택하여 분포 생물종을 조회할 수 있으며, 조사기간으로 시계열 조회가 가능하며, 고도검색, 버퍼검색 기능을 제공 하고 있다. 생태경관보전지역 검색기능에서는 거금도 적대 봉, 지리산, 동강유역 등의 생태경관보전지역 참조공간지도 를 적용하여 해당지역별 분포 생물종을 조회할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한, 21개 국립공원 참조공간지도를 적용하여 각 국립공원별로 분포 생물종을 조회할 수 있도록 하였다. 주제별 분포 메뉴에서는 기후변화지표생물종, 생태계교 란생물의 분포 정보를 제공하고 있다. 기후변화로 인해 계 절활동, 분포지역 및 개체군 크기 변화가 뚜렷하거나 뚜렷 할 것으로 예상되어 지표화하여 정부에서 지속적인 조사 및 관리가 필요한 생물종의 국내 분포를 조회할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한, 외국으로부터 유입된 종이거나 유전자변형생 물체 중 생태계의 균형에 교란을 가져오거나 가져올 우려가 있는 야생동물로써, 환경부령에 의해 현재 18종이 지정되어 있는 생태계교란생물에 대한 국내 분포를 조회할 수 있도록 구성되었다. 분포지도에는 4가지 주요 검색 기능과 2가지 다운로드 기능을 포함하고 있다. 첫 번째, 포인트/그리드 검색을 통해 표본 하나하나의 포인트를 표시하거나, 특정영역(그리드) 의 생물종 또는 표본점수의 통계를 조회할 수 있다. 연도별 검색에서는 특정연도 또는 기간을 선택하여 해당 기간의 분포지도를 조회할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 고도 검색에서는 특정 고도 범위내의 분포지도를 조회할 수 있도록 하였다. 강수량 검색에서는 특정 강수량 밤위 내의 분포지도를 조회 할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한, 화면상에 나타나는 분포지도를 이미지 파일로 다운로드하거나 분포지도에 나타나는 데이 터를 엑셀파일로 다운로드 할 수 있도록 하였다. 생물공간정보 서비스에서는 국가 생물자원 관리시스템 내 생물표본 및 유전자원 데이터베이스를 원시데이터로 사 용하고, 고도자료 및 기상청에서 제공하는 강수량 자료를 환경변수로 사용하고 있다. 배경지도로는 V-World 위성영 상 및 일반지도와 Open Street Map을 이용하며, 참조지도 로써, 행정구역도, 생태경관보전지역, 국립공원 위치도를 사용하였다. 국립생물자원관에서는 국가생물종목록 연번체계(KTSN) 를 이용하여 누구나 생물종 분포지도를 쉽게 연계하여 이용 할 수 있도록 서비스를 구축할 예정이며, 국가 생물자원 관 리시스템에 등록되는 모든 표본 정보에 대해 실시간으로 분포를 포함함으로써, 효율적이고, 체계적인 관리가 가능하 도록 시스템을 고도화 할 예정이다. 향후, 종 다양성 분석 등 연구관련 기능의 강화를 위해, 비교 지역에 대한 종다양도, 우점도, 유사도, 동일종 등을 분석 가능토록 할 계획이다.