The objective of this study is the compensation countermeasure following settlement of culvert which is installed to the back of abutment as a whole, cause analysis about settlement, considering rational repair reinforcement method, and researching the points to be considered for structure design and construction.

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the varietal variation of Se concentration and to determine the effects of selenium foliar applications on the productivity and agronomic characteristics of the whole-crop barleys. Se fertilizer was foliar applied at five levels(0, 50, 100, 200, 400 ppm) and two forms (sodium selenite and sodium selenate solution) at stem elongation stage, the middle of April. Cultivar effects on whole-plant Se contents were small and not significant. Regardless treatments, there were no remarkable effects on dry matter yield and forage quality of whole crop barleys. Se contents of plant was higher in selenate application by 3~10 times than selenite. In selenate treatments, as Se levels were raised from 50 ppm to 400ppm the Se contents were increased from 331ppb to 3433ppb and Se contents were positively correlated with the rate of Se application levels. Selenium(Se) is an essential nutritional trace element, which is needed for growth and reproduction in all living animals. But the line between the requirement and harmfulness of Se is narrow since selenium is a highly toxic element. The level of Se in feeds of plant varies depending on plant species, growing season and soil which the plants grow on. Because of low concentration of Se in domestic soils, the selenium availability to plants is limited and it is necessary to supplement feed with selenium. Generally organic Se is less toxic and more efficiently utilized than inorganic Se. Under the condition that antibiotics use in feed are prohibited, selenium enriched whole-crop barley can be one way to improve animal health.

Breeding the whole crop siliage rice cultivar basically requires priority in high biomass and grain yield and tolerance biotic and abiotic stresses. In this context, AA genome wild rices are potential resources to broaden genetic variability for whole crop silage cultivar. We have developed several introgression populations from crosses with three AA genome wild rices, O.glaberrima, O.rufipogon, and O.longistamina. Among these populations, the three BC4F8 near isogenic lines (NILs) derived from a cross of Milyang 23 and O.glaberrima(acc. 101154) could produce the high-yielding lines surpassing Milyang 23 by 20% in grain yield. Introgression lines from crosses with 4 accessions of O.rufipogon with japonica rices, Hwaseongbyeo and Ilpumbyeo had huge agronomic variability and very tall and vigorous lines possessing culm length of 125 ∼ 187cm were selected as promising potential parents to improve biomass of existing cultivars. These selections with high yield potential and biomass will be crossed to create another gene pool to combine high yield and biomass and anther culture breeding could be useful to develop genetically fixed F2 lines with both traits.

These experiments were conducted to get high production and quality of whole crop winter cereals, Oat, Wheat and Triticale, in the paddy field. These three whole crop winter cereals are got later harvest than whole crop barley, so there are more production of forage. Its harvest time was the end of May or the early of June in the south area of Korea. Mixed cultivations of Oat and Wheat (MCOW) was got more production over 15 percents in the dry wight, and then contents of crude protein (CP) in MCOW were higher than single cultivation of Oat. And Relative feed values (RFV) of MCOW were higher than single cultivation of Oat. Mixed cultivations of Oat and Triticale (MCOT) were got more production over 7 percents in the dry wight than single cultivations of Oat, but contents of CP in MCOT were not changed in all plots. And RFVs of MCOT were higher than single cultivations of Oat.

난 가공식품인 구운 계란의 포장유통을 목적으로 구운 계란 제조공정 중의 미생물 오염도를 평가하였으며 미생물 살균방법으로 감마선 조사와 고온가압살균법을 비교하여 제품의 보존 안정성 및 유효 유통기한 확보를 위한 살균 기준을설정하였다. PE 포장지에 낱개 포장한 구운 계란의 미생물오염도는 일반세균 > 10 CFU/g, 대장균군 < 10 CFU/g, 곰팡이 포자 > 10 CFU/g 수준이었으며 대부분의 미생물은 제품포장과정에서의 2차 오염에 의하여 오

대두 중의 생리활성 성분을 효율적으로 이용하는 두부를 제조하기 위하여 초미세 전지대두분말에 단백분해효소를 첨가하여 비압착 전두부를 제조한 후 일반성분, 색도, 조직감특성, 관능검사를 실시하여 다음과 같다. 두유의 응고 형성능이 있는 단백분해효소로서는 Aspergillus sojae protease, bromelain papain이었고, 이 효소를 이용하여 두부를 제조한 결과 Aspergillus sojae protease가 가장 좋았다. 단백분해

Lee, Seungjin. 1999. Chaos-Complexity Theory in the Whole Language Context. Studies in Modern Grammar 15, 169-189. This paper attempts to suggest ways in which complexity theory can become a more explicit tool for understanding students` learning and design of learning processes. These are remarkably consistent with whole language approach in schools. Although complexity theory is based on mathematics and physics, many of these principles are equally relevant to a second language learning situation. Now that complexity theory is in its third decade in the West, and has been evolving, it seems that the time is right for a fuller look at the language teaching principle offered by chaos-complexity theory in the field of a second language learning. This paper reviews complex adaptive systems theory through neuroscience and brain research to learning theory and practice. The complexity theory originated not in linguistics but in the mathematical field, and it is interesting to observe that both complexity theory d whole language theory having taken different routes, came to many of the same conclusions about teaching students. Both complexity theory and whole language theory show a very high agreement on issues such as method, approach, affect, effect, role of the teacher, psychological needs of the language learner, and the philosophy of engaging the learner beyond the cognitive domain. By looking at the chaos and complexity theory for learning process, I discuss that learning occurs at the edge of chaos through equilibrium, whole-brain involvement, and "risk-taking". Finally, it seems that complexity and whole language theory affirm the recent shift toward a richer, more open, and more comfortable environment as the most effective way in which educators can optimize the natural human capacity for the learning process.

본 시험은 완효성비료를 이용한 전량기비시비방법을 개선하고자 식양토(덕평통)와 사양토(강서통)에서 완효성비료인 조선완효성비료와 Meister 15를 이용하여 시비방법에 따른 완효성비료의 시용효과를 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 공시토양별 암모니아태 질소의 용출량은 담수 4일째 사양토에서 95ppm, 식양토에서 60ppm 이었다. 2. 벼 잎색도는 조선완효성비료가 Meister 15보다 낮았고, 시비방법간에는 측조시비구보다 전층시비구에서 높았다. 3. 질소 효율은 Meister 15 > 관행 > 조선완효성비료의 순으로 높았고, 시비방법간에는 차이가 적었다. 4. 단립면적당 경수는 조선완효성비료는 측조시비구가 전층시비구보다 많았고, Meister 15는 전층시비구가 측조시비구보다 많았으며, 간장은 Meister 15 > 관행 > 조선 완효성비료의 순으로 길었고, 시비 방법간에는 전층시비구가 측조시비구보다 길었다. 등숙율은 완효성시비가 관행보다 높았고, 시비방법간에는 전층시비구가 측조시비구보다 낮았다. 5. 수량은 식양토에서 비료간 수량차이가 컸으나, 시비방법간에는 수량차이가 적었고, 사양토에서는 비료간, 시비방법간에 수량차이가 적었다. 6. 이상의 결과에서 Meister 15와 같은 완효성비료는 전층시비법으로 시용하여도 좋을 것으로 판단되었다.