PURPOSES : Most Red bus1) (metropolitan bus) routes to Seoul need to increase supply by increasing the number of buses and number of trips because of the high level of congestion in buses, which also accommodate standing passengers. Due to the recent Itaewon disaster, people have been banned from standing on Red buses due to concerns over the excessive use of public transportation, adding to the inconvenience of passengers, such as increased travel time. However, some routes incur a large deficit owing to excess vehicles and trips relative to the number of passengers, thereby increasing the financial burden of Gyeonggi. Therefore, in this study, a reasonable operation plan is required based on the demand on Red bus routes. METHODS : Using accurate data from smart cards and a Bus Management System, the model was applied to consider bus usage, bus arrival distribution, waiting time, and operating conditions, such as actual bus usage time and bus dispatch interval. RESULTS : As a result of applying the model, buses between 7:00 and 9:00 and 16:00 and 18:00 were very crowded because of standing passengers, and passenger inconvenience costs decreased because of the longer waiting times for bus stops in Seoul. Currently, there are 15 buses in operation for the red bus G8110. However, considering the annual transportation cost, transportation income, and support fund limit, up to 12 buses can be operated per day. The G8110 route was analyzed at 23.6 million won for passenger discomfort cost, as 15 buses operated 97 times per day on weekdays. However, when establishing optimal scheduling, 12 buses per day operated 75 times per day, with a 19.7 million won passenger discomfort cost. CONCLUSIONS : As all red buses run from the starting point, passengers at the bus stop wait for more than an hour before entering Seoul, and the passenger discomfort cost of using demand-responsive chartered buses decreases only when commuting from Jeongja Station and Namdaemun Tax Office stops. Currently, many people commuting from Gyeonggi-do to Seoul are experiencing significant inconvenience owing to the ban on standing in Red buses; a suitable level of input can be suggested for the input and expansion of chartered buses.

PURPOSES: The demand for extending national highways is increasing, but traffic monitoring is hindered because of resource limitations. Hence, this study classified highway segments into 5 types to improve the efficiency of short-term traffic count planning. METHODS : The traffic volume trends of 880 highway segments were classified through R-squared and linear regression analyses; the steadiness of traffic volume trends was evaluated through coefficient of variance (COV), and the normality of the data were determined through the Shapiro-Wilk W-test. RESULTS : Of the 880 segments, 574 segments had relatively low COV and were classified as type 1 segments, and 123 and 64 segments with increasing and decreasing traffic volume trends were classified as type 2 and type 3 segments, respectively; 80 segments that failed the normality test were classified as type 4, and the remaining 39 were classified as type 5 segments. CONCLUSIONS : A theoretical basis for biennial count planning was established. Biennial count is recommended for types 1~4 because their mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs) are approximately 10%. For type 5 (MAPE =19.26%), the conventional annual count can be continued. The results of this analysis can reduce the traffic monitoring budget.

요금을 지불하게 되는 유료도로에 대해서는 별도의 가중치를 산정하여 교통계획 모형 내에서 모델링 할 수 있도록 해야 하나 현존하는 유료도로의 가중치 산정방법에서 발생하는 문제점은 현실과 유사한 통행패턴을 설명하기에 부적당하다. 본 연구는 국가교통DB센터에서 이미 정산된 가중치, 차종별 시간가치를 적용한 가중치 그리고 차로수별 교통량 비율로 수정된 가중치로서 총 세 개의 대안을 선정하여 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 국가교통DB센터에서 정산되어 차로수의 구분없이 동일한 가중치를 적용하였을 경우에는 허용오차범위 내에 포함된 샘플수가 다른 시나리오에 비해 비교적 다수 포함되었으나 현재 유료도로의 차로수별 할인율과 할증률을 반영하지 않고 정산되었다는 점에서 현실에 맞지 않는 방법론으로 분석되었다. 또한 차종별 시간가치를 이용한 가중치는 현재 적용되는 가중치 중에서 가장 이론적으로 정립되었다고 할 수 있으나 가중치의 비율이 낮게 적용됨으로서 배정교통량이 과다예측 되는 결과로 나타났다. 그러나 차종별 시간가치와 차로수별 교통량 비율을 합산하여 재 산정한 가중치를 적용한 결과는 세 개의 대안 중 가장 현실에 근접한 통행배정 결과로 분석되었다. 또한 통행배정 방법에 있어 총량OD평형배정방법이 PCU통행배정방법보다 현실에 가까운 배정결과가 나타나는 것으로 나타났다.

To solve the traffic problems of small cities like Chung Ju City, electronic communications equipment and the introduction of advanced technologies are being used or promoted. Other local areas with developed systems in place are being investigated for applicability. Systems like these will be introduced. This system will embody an organized, efficient transportation and safety system within this study At the moment, to solve the problem of reoccurring traffic in small towns in our country, we must develop an ITS service. We are now in the process of selecting and establishing the most adaptable ITS service to a small city For this purpose, we have studied existing records; taken a poll of the citizens of Chung Ju; examined present traffic conditions, examined road capacities; and reviewed available means of transportation. To accomplish the purpose of a thesis like this, we will research and analyze developed nations' and domestic cities' existing systems, construction and operation. We are in the process of building an ITS System which is the most adaptable to a small city like Chung Ju.