헤스페리딘(Hesperidin, HD)은 다양한 식물체에 존재하는, 강한 항산화 기능을 가진 대표적인 flavonoid의 일종이다. 본 연구에서는 수용성 HD인 Hesperidin glucoside(HDG)가 가지는 세포손상 회복, 항염증 인자억제 및 melanin 생성억제 활성을 세포수준에서 비교하였다. HDG는 HD에 당전이 효소반응 으로 제조되었으며, HD에 비해 20,000배 이상 수용해도가 증가되었다. HaCaT 세포주에 대한 세포독성은 HDG가 HD에 비해 월등히 낮았다. HD와 HDG는 모두 자외선 조사된 HaCaT 세포에서 세포생존율 회 복효과를 나타내었다. 또한 HD와 HDG는 세포내 산화질소(NO), 종양괴사인자-α(TNF-α) 및 인터루킨 -6(IL-6)과 같은 염증 매개체 및 cytokine을 감소시켰으며, HD 보다는 HDG의 효과가 다소 우수하였다. Melanoma B16F10 세포주를 이용한 melanin 형성능과 tyrosinase 저해활성을 측정한 결과, HD와 HDG 모두 효과를 나타내었으며 HDG가 약간 우수한 결과를 보였다. 결론적으로, HD의 당전이체인 HDG는 HD에 비해 동등이상의 세포손상 회복, 염증성 매개체 및 cytokine 억제능과 melanin 형성억제능을 나타내 었으며, HDG의 높은 수용성과 낮은 세포독성 등의 특성은 다양한 분야에서의 용도를 확대시킬 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

The effects of extracts from Lentinula edodes (L. edodes) and Aquilariae agallocha (A. agallocha) on the DNA damage response in ultraviolet A (UVA)-exposed HaCaT cells and on the allergic contact dermatitis caused by 2,4-dinitro-chlorobezene (DNCB) were investigated. When UVA-exposed cells were incubated for 24 hours in medium containing L. edodes or A. agallocha extract, the level of 8-OHdG and CPD decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. The combined treatment with both extracts potentiated the decrease in UVA-induced 8-OHdG and CPD levels as compared with those following treatment with a single extract. In addition, the two extracts showed preventive effects against the UVA-induced reduction in collagen levels. Furthermore, the blood levels of IgE, IL-6, and histamine decreased more significantly upon combined treatment with L. edodes and A. agallocha extracts as compared with those following treatment with single extracts in DNCB-induced allergic contact dermatitis in the ICR mouse. The results of the present study suggest that the components with in the extracts of L. edodes and A. agallocha can help to prevent of UVA-induced genomic instability via a decrease in DNA damage, and to decrease the DNCB-induced allergic dermatitis via modulation of relevant proteins including IgE and IL-6. Further study is needed to clarify the purified components related to the preventative effects of the two extracts against UVA- or DNCB-induced genomic damage.

With an increase in the number of people suffering from ageing-related diseases in our rapidly aging society, interests in natural products such as maca(Lepidium meyenii), which has properties of enhancing cognition and sexual performance, have increased. This study was conducted to assess the effects of 7 weeks of maca extract supplementation(0.5~2.0g/㎏ BW) on scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice and on sperm count in male mice. All doses of maca supplementation significantly protected against scopolamine-induced amnesia as determined by a Morris water maze, but not according to passive avoidance tests. Maca supplementation did not affect acetylcholinesterase activity in the whole brain, nor the testicular sperm count of male mice. This study suggests that maca may have some neuroprotective properties in mice, which will be further examined by future studies.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise of low-intensity and moderate- intensity on the functional recovery and histological change in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats. SCI was induced by the spinal cord impactor dropped after laminectomy. Experimental groups were divided into the Group I (normal control), Group II (non-treatment after SCI induction), Group III (low-intensity treadmill exercise after SCI induction), Group IV (moderate-intensity treadmill exercise after SCI induction). After operation, rats were tested at modified Tarlov scale at 2 days with divided into 4 groups, and motor behavior test (BBB locomotor rating scale, Grid walk test) was examined at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. For the observation of damage change and size of the organized surface in spinal cord, histopathological studies were performed at 21 days by H & E, and BDNF(brain-derived neutrophic factor) & Trk-b immunohistochemistry studies were performed at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 days. According to the results, treadmill exercise can play a role in facilitating recovery of locomotion following spinal cord injury. Specially, moderate-intensity treadmill exercise after SCI induction was most improvement in functional recovery and histological change.

반복적인 교통하중은 아스팔트 포장에 손상을 누적시키는 반면, 휴식기 동안 아스팔트 혼합물에는 축적된 손상의 회복현상이 지속적으로 일어난다. 이러한 손상회복 현상은 아스팔트 포장의 피로수명을 증가시킨다. 본 연구에서는 간접인장시험을 이용하여 아스팔트 혼합물의 손상회복특성을 측정할 수 있는 시험방법을 개발하고, 이를 통해 일단 아스팔트와 개질 아스팔트를 포함하는 총 네 가지 아스팔트 혼합물의 손상회복특성을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 손상회복시험은 반복재하시험과 일련의 MR시험으로 구성된다. 반복재하시험과 MR 시험 동안 회복변형 (resilient deformation)을 측정하고 응력과 변형률을 이용하여 DCSE (Dissipated Creep Strain Energy)를 구하고 이를 통해 아스팔트 혼합물의 손상회복특성을 평가할 수 있는 파라메터로서 DCSE/DCSEapplied를 이용한 정규화된 손상회복속도 (normalized healing rate)를 제안하였다. 실험결과, 아스팔트 혼합물의 손상회복속도는 온도가 증가함에 따라 지수 함수적으로 증가함을 알 수 있었으며, 아스팔트 혼합물의 손상회복특성은 폴리머 개질과 같은 아스팔트 바인더의 특성보다는 아스팔트 함량과 같은 혼합물의 구조적인 특성에 더 많은 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었다.

We assessed whether the use of a symmetrical upper limb motion trainer in daily repetitive training for a 6-week period reduced spasticity and improved motor function in three chronic hemiparetic patients. Upper limb motor impairment and disability were measured by the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and Manual Muscle Test (MMT), respectively. The electromyography (EMG) of the affected hand was recorded during isometric wrist flexion and extension. In all patients, FMA and MMT scores were significantly improved after the 6-week training. However, MAS scores of the affected wrist spasticity did not change considerably. Onset and Offset delays in muscle contraction significantly decreased in the affected wrist. The co-contraction ratio of flexor and extensor muscles significantly increased after the 6-week training. Onset and offset delays of the muscle contraction and co-contraction ratio correlated significantly with the patients' FMA. This study showed that repetitive, symmetric movement training can improve upper limb motor functions and abilities in chronic hemiparetic patients. Also, the EMG assessment of motor response is likely to provide insights into mechanisms and treatment strategies for motor recovery in chronic hemiparetic patients.

중추신경계는 일단 손상이 되면 손상된 세포의 재생, 손상된 수초의 회복, 신경계의 정상적인 연결 등의 제한성 때문에 그 회복이 매우 힘들다. 이러한 중추신경계의 중요한 손상으로는 다발성 경화증, 뇌졸중, 척수손상, 외상, 축삭의 탈수초화 등이 있다. 이전 연구들은 많은 발생빈도를 보이고 있는 척수손상에서 실질적인 척수의 기능적인 회복을 위해 손상된 척수신경의 재생과 축삭의 재수초화가 중요한 요인이라고 전하고 있다. 최근에는 이러한 척수손상에 대한 치료적 접근으로서 세포이식 기술이 하나의 해결책을 열어주고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 척수손상의 특성을 살펴보고, 척수손상에 의한 기능장애에 대해 세포이식이 기능의 회복을 증진시킬 수 있다는 증거를 논의하고자 한다.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cognitive function and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) improvement with Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI) and Stroke patient through Computer Assisted Cognitive Rehabilitation (CACR) program within specific approach and hierarchial approach training program. For this investigation CACR training was administered to 14 patients diagnosed of TBI and Stroke. Method: The CACR was given to the subject patient for 1months, 5times a week and each stimulation lasted 30 minutes. Cognitive function and activities of daily living were compared pre-CACR program with post-CACR program by MMSE and FIM . Results: Summarizing the results of this investigation; 1. Statistically significant improvement in 8 items of MMSE and 11 items of FIM was found after the application of CACR program training. 2. Cognitive function showed the spastically significant improvement after CACR program within specific approach and hierarchial approach training program 3. Activities of daily living showed the statistically significant improvement after CACR program within specific approach and hierarchial approach especially hierarchial approach more statistically significant increased than specific approach.