본 연구는 영어 재귀사의 해석 가능한 선행사가 문장 안에 잠정적으로 두 개 존재할 때, 한국인 EFL 학습자들이 영어의 통사적 제약보다 그림으로 주어지는 맥락 정보에 기반하여 재귀사를 해석하는가를 알아보고자 하였다. 특히, 학습자들이 그림맥락이 주는 정보를 가지고 영어 재귀대명사를 해석하는 데 있어서 복문 내포절의 정형성 여부에 따라 선행사 판단 양상이 달라지는지를 조사하였다. 한국인 성인 EFL 학습자 23명과 영어 원어민 화자 11명이 각각 실험집단과 비교집단으로 연구에 참여하였다. 실험참가자들은 총 80개의 영어문장이 다양한 그림과 함께 제시되는 그림기반 진리값 판단과제(Picture-based Truth-Value Judgment)를 온라인으로 수행하였으며, 전반적인 실험결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 한국인 성인 EFL 학습자들은 영어 원어민 화자와 마찬가지로, 그림 맥락이 특정 선행사를 선호하도록 유도하는 화용적 정보가 제공되는 가운데에서도 영어의 통사적 제약을 위반하는 장거리선행사는 재귀사의 선행사로 허용하지 않으려는 경향이 있었다. 둘째, 선행연구들과는 달리 복문 내포절의 정형성 여부가 EFL 학습자들의 해석 양상에 유의미한 차이를 가져오지는 않았으므로, 해당 이슈에 관한 재검증의 필요성이 제안된다.

Present study investigates whether the syntactic constraints of English reflexives and pronouns originally proposed in Standard Binding Theory (SBT; Chomsky 1980, 1981, 1986) are well-reflected in written corpus data in British English by using the ICE-GB corpus. Four linguistic factors including structural relations between the reflexives/pronouns and their antecedents were used to analyze 1,000 sentences (400 reflexives and 600 pronouns) extracted from the ICE-GB corpus. The results demonstrated the following: i) The linguistic factors related to binding conditions showed structural differences between reflexives and pronouns in English; ii) English reflexives showed more cases of discourse binding (i.e., binding outside the sentential boundary) than the original expectation of SBT; iii) With the domain of sentential binding, structural constraints such as c-commanding and binding domain (Governing Category: SSC and TSC) were nearly violated with reflexives.

The purpose of this paper is to confirm that, in the local domain, Korean reflexive caki is not a bound-variable pronoun but an anaphor. According to Choi (2014, 2015), in the local domain caki has [-speaker] feature, namely, (f(x)) and, therefore, cannot be coindexed with the antecedent of caki. However in this paper, it is pointed out that only the antecedent which has [-speaker] becomes the antecedent of caki. In consequence, if caki is a pronoun, Binding Theory B must be violated in the relevant constructions unlike Choi’s (2014, 2015) claim. Futhermore, this paper shows that the argument that 'caki' is not a pronoun but an anaphor in the local domain can be maintained by examining Reinfart and Reuland’s (1993) Binding Theory and Lidz’s (2001) new approach to anaphors (SE-anaphor and SELF-anaphor), too.

The purpose of this paper is to show the internal structures of Korean reflexives such as 'caki, casin and caki casin.' According to Boskovich (2012), Korean is an NP language in which the determiner is positioned in the specifier of NP. In this paper, following his suggestion, it is claimed that 'caki' appear in the position of the specifier of the NP and 'caki casin' is placed in the specifier and head of the NP.: it follows that 'casin' is derived in the head position of the NP. With regards to some problems DP analyses of the Korean reflexives pose, it is pointed out that since Korean is not a DP language, the determiner cannot be the head of the relevant phrase and that since Korean is a head final language, even if Korean would be a DP language, the head D should be in the rightmost position. Lastly, this paper shows the complex structures combined the structures of 'caki. casin, caki casin' with the structural cases such as '-ul/lul' under the structure of the NP.

Yong-Suk Kim. 2000. A Morpho-Syntactic Analysis of Reflexives: A Minimalist Approach. Studies in Modern Grammar 19, 1-26. This study proposes a minimalist DP-analysis of the internal structure of reflexives in natural languages, along with Chomsky`s (1995) assumptions. This analysis proves that X^0-reflexives as well as XP reflexives should syntactically fall under the DP structure, as expected in Abney (1987). Consequently, the analysis uncovers the following long-pending mysteries: (i) why English has the occurrence of only phrasal reflexives; (ii) why phrasal reflexives consist of a pronominal element and a reflexive morpheme; (iii) why so many different types of reflexives are empirically identified in Korean. Besides, this study illustrates that the contrast of long-distance anaphora between X^0-reflexives and XP reflexives is attributed to the analyzability of the D head of X^0-reflexives as LF clitic, which is assumed to cliticize to a higher relevant functional category at LF.

Yong-Suck Kim. 1966. A Study on the Feature-Checking Theory of Reflexives: Focusing on the Reflexivization in Korean. Studies in Modern Grammatical Theories 8: 91-127. The main goal of this study is to argue that the various types of anaphora, displayed by Korean reflexives, can be explained in terms of a reformulated version of feature-checking theory along the line of Chomsky`s(1992, 1999) minimalist theory. As a result from this study, it comes to light that all kinds of Korean reflexives, including X^0 reflexives, except the caki type are analyzed as complex reflexive NP consisting of a pronominal element, either overt or covert, and a reflexive element, as analogous to English reflexive, him+self. These internal elements of reflexives must move up to the relevant positions within the upper functional category DP at LF level for their feature-checking respectively, which virtually gives rise to another movement of D (or DP in some instance) for the identification of its feature-variables by higher AGR. It also turns out under the argumentation that the subject-orientation of reflexives may be captured by the `subject-orientation principles for reflexives,` proposed here under the feature-checking theory of reflexives.

The main purpose of this article is to account for the linguistic variations of blocking effect on the long-distance binding of reflexives under the `feature-checking theory of reflexives,` proposed here based on Chomsky`s (1992) minimalist theory. As a result from this study, it comes to light that all kinds of reflexives, including even X^0 -reflexives except the caki type, are analyzed as complex reflexive NP, consisting of a pronominalizer(pronom) and a reflexivizer(reflex) as analogous to English reflexive, him+self. By this observation, it is argued under the `feature-checking theory of reflexives` that the differences in the blocking effects on long-distance reflexive binding among languages are mainly attributed to the interaction of the typological variations of Φ-feature checking process among languages and those of internal structure among reflexives, and some other types of problems with long distance bound reflexives in the pro-drop languages like Korean and Chinese may be explained by the analysis of them as an emphatic reflexive for pro subject.