고속도로에 적용되고 있는 소음저감대책 현황을 고찰하기 위해서 고속도로 건설 전 수행해야 하는 환경영향평가서와 고속도로 완공 후 소음기준 초과 소음에 대한 소음영향분석보고서를 검토하였다. 환경영향평가서는 시기별로 수립되는 방음대책이 변화하였다. 2013 년 전까지는 방음벽(흡음형, 반사형) 위주의 방음대책이 수립되었다. 그러나 2015년 이후 방음벽 이외의 배수성저소음포장과 소음감쇠 기를 저감방안으로 제시하였다. 그러나 보고서마다 소음저감효과가 서술되어 있거난 서술되어 있지 않았다. 환경영향평가 이후 신규소 음저감대책이 수록된 소음영향분석보고서에서 최근 5년간 보고서 일부를 중심으로 검토하였다. 소음대책 수립을 위해서 20년 후 장래 교통량을 이용하여 방음벽 신설, 방음터널, 소음감쇠기, 배수성저소음포장 등의 소음저감대책을 수립하였으며 방음벽과 배수성저소음 포장을 조합한 대책안이 많이 제시되었다.

Environmental noise occurring on ships has various negative impacts on sailors’ health conditions such as hearing loss, sleep disturbance, psychological stress, etc., so regulations on them are required, but the ship noise regulations are usually applied to only large merchant ships. Although regulations on fishing boats with strong fishing and work intensity are determined to be necessary, there has been little relevant research. This study, therefore, attempted to measure the environmental noise of coastal composite fishing vessels less than two tones and provide the results of basic research on the noise regulations for fishing vessels. It measured them by setting the measurement zones as after side, midship and fore side, and based on the criterion of IMO MSC 337(91). The findings showed that the noise of them often exceeded 75dB(A), the criterion of the open deck noise in the zones in which the load of main engines was increased. In particular, the noise of the stern was as high as 92.2dB(A) during the full ahead. Hence, hearing loss may be caused by such a noise, so a variety of regulations on it are determined to be necessary.

In this study, Noise was measured and its frequency size and characteristics were analyzed in office spaces. In order to improve the noise environment, the sound masking technology was used to extract and apply pink noise-based sound masking content suitable for it to obtain a noise reduction effect by improving the noise environment. As a result of this study, We think that the problem of spatial noise can be further improved and changed by mixing these sound masking systems as noise blocking facilities through appropriate harmony with interior facilities from architectural acoustics to construction. It was confirmed that there is an effect of improving the noise environment not only for blocking or improving external inflow noise, but also for various noises generated indoors, such as call centers.

PURPOSES : While driving, drivers are usually limited in communicating with others except for using the horn. Excessive use of the horn may cause noise pollution, quarrels between drivers and pedestrians, damage, etc. This study developed a methodology for environmental adaptation and improvements of vehicle horns. METHODS: In this study, we performed a literature review of previous studies and related technologies regarding the overuse and damage of the horn. The proposed methodology employed the paired comparison method, as well as the semantic differential method. These methods can consider various vehicle horns, such as the Sport Utility Vehicle(SUV) Horn, Van Horn, and Buzzer. In addition, we conducted a factor analysis in order to provide a direction for improvement of future horns. This research provides a means of complimenting existing intellectual property related to vehicle horns. RESULTS: As a result, the most preferred of the selected horns were the Buzzer at 86.7%. In addition, based on the factor analysis, the horns could be classified into pleasantness and comfort factors. The results indicate a positive reaction for various vehicle horns. The horn type and size of the process control have been properly developed considering the position of the vehicle and the surrounding noise measurements. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the proposed methodology, public and private sectors can use fundamental data for reasonable traffic-noise control policies.

The object of this paper is to evaluate a working environment noise at manufacturing process of metal material products. To accomplish the object; An employee noise exposure criteria, which is mounted in big size enterprise, was investigated. The noise at the 460 points of the manufacturing process machine in the 38 processes of the 1 factories were measured. The database of the noise was built from the measurement data. The major sound sources and frequency range for the manufacturing process of metal material product machine was investigated. In this study, we compare working environment noise criteria of korean with employee noise exposure criteria

This study estimates environmental noises and noise impacts on surroundings by relocation of military training center from city central to suburb. Devising noise prevention plans are found to diminish harmful influence and to design noise reduction system. The prediction is drawn in each separation distance. The measurement is conducted during shoot exercise by a light machine gun(M60), an assault rifle(K-2), a Panzerfaust 3 and a recoilless rifle. The measured noise is 103dB(A) at shooting range in military training center, that is very high noise level. The characteristic of shooting noise is momentary and impulsive, also high leveled through all frequency band. And the forecast of noise assessment at the intended area exceeds noise criteria. Consequently, civil complaint is highly expected. Therefore, noise control system is needed for firing range. General methodology, such as soundproof box and barrier can reduce noise level at residential area near shooting range, which is anticipated by simulation.

연안 내만에서 행해지고 있는 양식어업, 정치망어업의 생산과 관리를 효율적으로 행할 수 있는 기초 자료를 마련하기 위해 어류의 서식환경 중 물리학적인 환경요소인 유향, 유속, 환경소음과 어류의 분포생태를 원격으로 측정할 수 있는 시스템을 구축하고,1996년 10월부터 1997년 6월까지 경남 장승포시 능포리 소재 능포수산공사 정치망어장에서 원격계측 시스템의 기능, 유향.유속, 수중환경소음과 어군행동에 대하여 실험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 시험제작한 16비트 마이크로프로세서 칩 (V25, 8 MHz) 인터페이스 보드는 DAS 와 모뎀간의 통신속도 매칭과 패킷 통신용 모뎀의 통신접속제어 기능을 원만히 발휘함으로써 유향ㆍ유속 원격계측시스템의 송신 기능 효과를 더욱 개선할 수 있었다. 2. 정치망어장에서 유향ㆍ유속 원격계측시스템으로 25시 관측한 결과 유속은 낙조시보다 창조시가 약 3 cm/sec 빨랐으며, 유향의 변동폭은 낙조시에는 60˚, 창조시에는 20˚로 창조시에 유향 변동이 작은 현상을 나타내었다. 3. 수중환경소음 원격계측 시스템으로 자정, 일출, 정오에 모두 1.5 KHz를 기점으로 50 Hz~1.5 KHz 범위의 저주파대와 1.5~10 KHz 범위의 고주파수대로 분리되어 나타났으며, 스펙트럼 레벨은 저주파수대에서는 자정에서 정오까지 시간이 경과함에 따라 차츰 높아지는 경향을 나타내었고, 고주파수대에서는 일출시에는 높았으나 정오에는 다시 낮아지는 경향을 나타내었다. 4. 원격어군탐지기로 측정한 정치망 원통 내에서의 멸치어군은 야간에는 1~2m 층으로 하강하고 일출과 함께 상승하기 시작하여 주간에는 주로 표층에 머물고 있는 경향을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 정치망 이장 부근에서는 유향과 유속은 조석간만의 차에 따라 변하며, 수중환경소음도 그 스펙트럼 레벨이 유향, 유속에 따라 다소 변화됨을 알 수 있었다. 그러나, 어군의 수직 분포와 물리적 환경 요소와의 상관은 다소의 영향은 인지되었으나 명확한 상관관계를 규명할 수 는 없었으므로 다른 환경요인과 함께 분석하여야 규명될 것으로 예상된다.

This paper describes to analyze the underwater ambient noise and biological noise of cultivating fishes in the fish farm cages at the seawater Tongyong-kun, KyongNam and lake of Chungju, Chech'on, ChungBuk from 10 to 19 Oct. 1997, in order to find out the characteristics of these noises. The results obtained were as follows; (1) The ambient noise around the fish farm cages at lake of Chungju was 10~200Hz frequency range, 70~105dB spectrum level. The central frequency was 50~70Hz, changing of ambient noise was getting bigger than 10~200Hz in 200Hz~2kKz frequency by wind, water current. (2) The frequency of noise source around the fish farm cage at the seawater of Tongyong-kun was 20~200Hz, spectrum level was 80~100dB while feed factory was working around the fish farm cage. When feed factory did not work, noise source was 10~600Hz frequency range, 70~90dB spectrum level. It was 10dB less than that of while feed factory was working, and then the central frequency was 70Hz. (3) The vessel noise of excursion ship had changed largely at 100dB spectrum level in 10~500Hz frequency band, and the fishing boat had 20Hz~2kHz frequency range. (4) The biological noise in the fish farm cage at lake of Chungju, which was feeding of Cyprinus carpio, 2was 10~30Hz frequency, 70~104dB spectrum level. The central frequency was 75Hz. The biological noises in the fish farm cage at the seawater of Tongyong-kun, which were feeding and swimming noise, had very different spectrum pattern by species, and the frequency band was 10~800Hz.

1984, 85, 87년에 걸쳐 7~8월에 부산402호(380GT, 850PS)를 이용하여 한국동해안 주요항구 입구와 외해에서 해중소음과 선박기관소음의 해중음압 분포와 그 음의 스펙트럼 특성을 해황별로 환경소음과 선박기관진동소음으로서 비교.검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 풍속 0~2m/sec일 때 깊이 5m층에서의 환경소음의 음압준위는 부산 동항에서는 108dB, 부산 남항에서는 106dB, 구룡포항에서는 101dB로서 항내에 소음원이 많을 때는 높고, 그렇지 않을 때는 낮았다. 한반도와 울릉도 중간의 외해에서는 다같이 100dB로서 항구 부근보다 낮았다. 또 외해에 있어서 깊이에 따른 음압의 분포는 깊이 20m, 70m 층에서는 5m층에서 보다 1~2dB 낮고, 100m층 이하에서는 100dB로 거의 일정했다. 2. 풍속 10~15m/sec일 때, 외해에서의 환경소음의 음압준위는 5m층에서 108dB이고 그 후 점차 낮아져 70m 층에서 100dB이며, 그 이하에서는 100dB로 모두 같았다. 선박기관진동소음의 음압준위는 깊이 5, 50, 100, 150, 200m층에서 각각 146, 125, 112, 110, 104dB로서 깊어짐에 따라 점차 낮아졌다. 3. 풍속 10~15m/sec일 때 외해의 깊이 5m층에서 10Hz, 100Hz, 1KHz, 10KHz의 주파수대에 있어서의 스펙트럼 레벨은 해중소음이 각각 86, 75, 61, 32dB, 선박진동소음이 각각 105, 95, 86, 55dB로서 후자가 전자보다 20dB 정도 높았다. 200m층에 있어서는 전자가 80, 68, 47, 26dB, 후자가 82, 70, 59, 31dB로서 후자가 전자보다 4dB 정도 높았다.

This paper describes that air noise and underwater noise in the Somjin Estuary are measured and analysed to get the basic data to find out the influence of environment on the underwater. The results obtained are summerized as follows: 1. The spectrum level of air noise in the Somjin Estuary increases until 500Hz, and decreases a little over 2KHz. 2. The spectrum level of underwater noise in the Somjin Estuary increases from 50 Hz to 1 KHz, but it decreases over 1 KHz as the depth is deeper. 3. When the influence of other factors is scarce but the influence of flowing speed is significant, the noise level seems to be higher at speedy layer than at slower layer. 4. The underwater sound level seems to be wider at speedy layer than at slower layer.

A number of problems associated with environmental noises in urban areas have significantly been considered. Specific measurement and estimation of the environmental noise became a primary issue in local governments. Environmental noise monitoring system is required in order to estimate and verify the a city noise map. However, current monitoring positions may not perfectly represent and incorporate many different view points, such as districts of a city, different utilizations of a city by the law, populations, and classifications and traffics of roads. In addition, scientific method to provide specific noise monitoring positions my not be avaliable in current literature. For this reason, the primary objective of this paper is to propose a new method for introducing a number of monitoring positions in the entire city. First, the quality function deployment (QFD) method was utilized to simultaneously represent both districts and utilizations of a city. Second, a new algorithm to find a number of monitoring positions was proposed by compromising many different view points: populations, classifications of roads and areas, and traffics of roads. Finally, the proposed monitoring positions and a sample noise map was provided for verification purposes. Based on these results, the proposed algorithm including the QFD concept may successfully provide specific noise monitoring positions by simultaneously consider may different view points and requirements of a city.

This study, for the development of next generation high speed railway system of a train which has maximum speed over 400km/h, is to develop core generic environmental technologies which are soundproof technology. Also this technology contains the emitting noise performance of high speed operated trains. The ultimate purpose of this study is to develop a new technology of core sound proof system which is more economical and efficient to cope with the noise increased about 7~9dB as the operating speed increased to 400km/h. In view of technology, this study is to the new soundproof shape design, noise absorbing material development, core soundproof facility development, noise reduction method which contains the aerodynamic characteristics of noise, the concrete bed track reflecting noise reduction, the specifications absorbing block of concrete bed and the installation and management of core soundproof system.

연안 경비함정의 선상근무 환경은 육상근무 환경에 비하여 매우 열악하여 선상근무 기피와 성원고령화의 원인이 되고 있다. 특히 선박내 소음은 난청과 같은 직업병을 유발시키는 원인이 된다. 따라서 안락한 선상근무 환경 및 거주 환경의 확보를 통하여 선상근무 피로도를 경감시키는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 선박내 소음 및 진동의 실선 계측을 통하여 선상근무 환경을 체계적으로 평가한다. 그리고 선상근무 환경의 평가 결과에 기초하여 선상근무 피로도 경감대책을 제안한다

To develop managing guidance of occupational noise exposure for metal working facility, we have studied about drafting contour map of noise exposure, methods of noise assessment and actual calculation method of time weighted noise exposure. Therefore we have suggested that contour maps of noisy workplace are very important for controlling metal working fluid facility and two kinds of noise assessment method, so called, personal and static exposure are necessary to avoid argument between workers and managing group. Finally we would like recommend that the Korean specfication of noise exposure should be modified to protect ONIHL(occupational noise induced hearing loss).