Trends of integrating products and services lead to the emergence of Product-Service System (PSS). To implement and embody a PSS solution in new product development, a comprehensive design framework is allowed designers to facilitate the design factors of the PSS in complex business environments. A physical product, containing functionalities for services, is the role of medium between customers and a manufactures. Customers can access those metaphysical interfaces to utilize the product fully or expand its performances. The PSS is aiming to prolong its lifecycle while maintaining its expected quality. Since the quality can be represented as a measure which belongs to user’s perspective, guaranteeing certain level of quality can be interpreted to sustaining customer satisfaction. The objective of this paper is to propose a PSS design framework to identify design factors for developing products and services by integrating object-oriented concepts and blueprinting in context of a business ecosystem. The proposed model is developed based on relationship products and services matching with their design factors. The products and the services are then brought together to form a PSS. Functions and processes can be categorized to identify the design factors in different levels using the object-oriented concepts. Objected-oriented concepts provide PSS analysis tools for describing a business process or a workflow process in the PSS. The blueprint is used to identify the relationships between the products functions and the service processes that are offered as part of a job. To demonstrate of the effectiveness of the proposed model, we use a case study involving a smart phone.

International organization and airport operator have issued a guidance manual with regard to the sustainability specialized in airport by adopting environment friendly rating system and developing a variety of sustainable practices. The structure of framework is essential to the development of practical and effective sustainability guideline of airport. Evaluation criteria and method for airport sustainability properly designed is necessary for the assurance of the level of sustainability. In this study, evaluation criteria and method proper to airport after structuring of framework for airport sustainability will be suggested by reviewing a variety of reference documents issued from foreign and domestic organization.

Many systems using RFID/USN were and are being developed. Some systems are used in practice and some are not. Generally, the main reasons not being used are: The prices of chips are too high considering the effects. The application domain is not appropriate for RFID/USN. So, various skills for higher sensing precision have been introduced like using multiple sensors and avoiding metals which deter sensings seriously. Now, it is time to evaluate systems which were developed using RFID/USN technology. However, no systematic approach has been made for the evaluation. In this paper, a framework using BSC is introduced for the evaluation of systems using RFID/USN. In this framework, some Critical Success Factors(CSF) are derived and some Key Performance Indices(KPI) are developed for each CSF.

This paper presents a parallel kd-tree traversal algorithm based on the parallel binary radix tree construction scheme proposed by Tero Karras in 2012. In his paper, Tero Karras proposed parallel tree construction algorithm which can maximize the utilization of GPU threads, but implementation and analysis of kd-tree are not fully discussed. This paper aims to fill the gap for the specific kd-tree cases. As an application for the kd-tree traversal method proposed in this paper, the proposed method has been implemented with NVIDIA’s CUDA framework and tested on NVIDIA’s realtime raytracing library, OptiX. As a result, the proposed method can construct tree structures within the requirement for realtime process, but still needs specialized spatial caching data structure like the “primitive tree” for highly detailed meshes to handle spatial queries as fast as to visualize implicit surfaces under OptiX framework. However, the proposed method can be applied to dynamic collision detection and manage scene and object information for game applications thanks to its fast tree construction process. Also, realtime raytracing can be applied to game applications based on this study.

When developing games run in different web browsers, people have connected outer Plug-in with games. With the appearance of HTML5, now it becomes more convenient to develop games using HTML5 and Javascript as Multimedia like audio, video, SVG and 2D/ 3D graphic operation using Canvas are possible. However, it’s not easy to directly convert mobile games from iOS, Android, Window mobile environment to HTML 5. This paper proposes we’d like to suggest the method which could convert games made from XNA, window mobile game developing environment to cross-platform games working in the web browser based on HTML5.

The aim of this study is to design an intelligent pattern-based real-time trading system (PRTS) using rough set analysis of technical indicators, dynamic time warping (DTW), and genetic algorithm in stock futures market. Rough set is well known as a data-mining tool for extracting trading rules from huge data sets such as real-time data sets, and a technical indicator is used for the construction of the data sets. To measure similarity of patterns, DTW is used over a given period. Through an empirical study, we identify the ideal performances that were profitable in various market conditions.

The recent trend in the war fields on the globe may be characterized by the network-centric warfare, which would, in turn, make the concept of weapon systems be changed. To this end, the concept of system of systems (SoS) has been introduced in literature. An SoS is a collection of multiple systems, each of which is an independent system and can be interoperable with each other. Thus, in defense domain each SoS is a big weapon system as a whole operated in actual environment and each element of it is also an independent smaller weapon system, but they should be interoperable via network among each other. The safety results studied for each elementary system alone may not be fully applicable to the whole SoS. As such, the objective of this paper is to study how to make the SoS safety requirements be distributed down over the interoperable elementary systems. Since handling the interoperability requires a technique of systems architecture, a standard method called the DoD Architectural Framework (DoDAF) has been used here to derive a solution. Using DoDAF, the safety requirements were first analyzed in the operability environment. The results were then studied to be included in an integrated model of both the systems design and safety processes. A further study of present paper would facilitate ensuring safety in the development of SoS weapon systems in practice.

We don't have time to waste, time is running, and the global warming is an issue that concerns to all of us. Information technology, which on a global level is responsible for 2% of emission of greenhouse gases. However, the remaining 98% is seen as an opportunity for IT to help our planet, our companies and our society. The purpose of this paper is to analyze green information technology (IT) initiatives and their strategic impact. And to have done this, we develope and create a very useful balanced-scorecard framework to explain, understand, and identify the direct and indirect contribution of green IT initiatives. The green IT evaluation framework, called here a sustainable green IT balanced scorecard, integrates the four BSC-IT perspectives with the Zuboff's automate/informate goals of information systems and the contribution of the sustainability (economic, social and environment). This study also seeks to answer the following questions: 1) what are the driving forces for implementing green IT initiatives? 2) How can an analytical framework be built to systematically analyze the benefits and strategic contribution of green IT initiatives? And 3) how green IT initiatives impact the strategic goals of a firm and how they can contribute to the triple bottom line? The framework demonstrates to be useful as a management tool to hopefully integrate environmental and social management with the general management of a company. Besides, the strategy map and measures for each cell of the framework are provided.

디지털 기술의 급속한 발전으로 시간과 공간의 제약이 없는 인프라 환경이 구현되 면서 더욱 더 유연하고 빠른 적응성에 대한 요구가 정치, 경제, 문화 전반에 확산됨에 따라 IT 기술을 통해서 이러한 요구를 충족시킬 수 있는 서비스로 대두되고 있는 것 이 바로 클라우드 서비스이다. 이러한 클라우드 서비스 시대의 개막은 관련 기업뿐만 아니라 공공기관, 개인에 이르기까지 모든 영역의 서비스 이용자들의 삶에도 큰 변화 를 가져오고 있다. 본 연구에서는 더욱 더 사회적 이슈가 되고 있는 고령화 사회에 대 응하기 위한 클라우드 서비스 비즈니즈 모델을 개발하기 위한 프레임워크를 제안하고 자 한다. 이를 위하여 고령화 사회를 정의하고 변화를 분석하고 클라우드 산업 비즈니 스 모델 구성요소를 찾기 위한 시장 다이나믹스 분석을 통해 클라우드 비즈니스 모델 에 영향을 주는 시니어 마켓 변화 동인을 확인하고 시니어 마켓을 활성화하기 위해 고령층의 니즈를 분류한다. 그리고 고객니즈 변화 분석과 가치사슬분석을 하여 나온 고객니즈와 제공하는 기능을 축으로 비즈니스 모델을 설계한다. 또한 시니어 마켓 변 화 동인에 따른 환경변화 속에서 성장을 지속 가능하게 하는 비즈니스 모델 진화를 분석한다. 마지막으로 변화하는 비즈니스 모델을 평가하기 위한 프레임워크를 제시하 여 기업 상황에 맞는 비즈니스 모델을 선택하는데 도움을 두고자 한다.

The appearance and evolution of SaaS over the recent years is potentially one of the major advances in information technology. However, if SaaS is to achieve its potential, there needs to be a clear identification and understanding of the various issues involved, both from the perspectives of the providers and the consumers of SaaS technology. While a lot of studies are currently taking place in the technology itself, there is an equally urgent need for understanding and researching the business-related issues surrounding SaaS service. As more and more individuals and companies use the SaaS service, their concerns are beginning to grow about just how safe and reliable an environment it is. For successful implementation of SaaS service, it is necessary to establish the certification systems to ensure safety and reliability of SaaS. This paper provides the safe and reliable framework for systematic SaaS certification systems. In order to develop it, the critical issues related to service quality and certification of SaaS service are identified and the systematic framework for certification systems of SaaS service and service provider domains are developed. A evaluation methodology for the developed certification systems is also proposed.

Smart-Phones are utilized in disaster management field because it can deliver disaster information to large population simultaneously and quickly, and provide accurate information through situation-based service using the LBS(Location Based Service). To study on the utilization of smart phone for disaster information collection and dissemination method, this study suggest a framework which connects smart phone by loading application for reporting disaster. The disaster monitoring and situation dissemination system framework using smart phone is composed of 4 parts. First, smart phone application enters image, video, voice and text information and location of the disaster. Second, the disaster report reception and situation dissemination server receives the information, save in the DB, and send through smart phone SMS. Third, store into disaster information database. Fourth, display the disaster report and management information on 2D GIS, support the decision making process in deciding whether to manage as disaster, and disaster management web service which disseminates situation.

Most real world design evaluation and risk-based decision support combine quantitative and qualitative (linguistic) variables. Decision making based on conventional mathematics that combines qualitative and quantitative concepts always exhibit difficulty in modelling actual problems. The successful selection process for choosing a design/procurement proposal is based on a high degree of technical integrity, safety levels and low costs in construction, corrective measures, maintenance, operation, inspection and preventive measures. In this paper, a design decision support framework using a composite structure methodology grounded in approximate reasoning approach and evidential reasoning method is suggested for design evaluation of machinery space of a ship engine room at the initial stages. An illustrative example is used to demonstrate the application of the proposed framework.

본 논문은 감성 캐릭터라 불리는 3차원 모델을 모바일 게임 콘텐츠에 삽입하여, 사용자의 감성 상태에 따라 게임 환경 및 감성 캐릭터의 시청각적 요소를 능동적으로 변화시키는 3차원 그래픽 콘텐츠 개발을 위한 iOS 기반 프레임워크 기술에 관해 설명한다. 본 프레임워크에서는 사용자의 생체 신호를 분석하여 9가지의 감성 상태로 분류한 후에 그에 따라 감성 캐릭터를 변화시킬 수 있도록 한다. 이 기술은 감성 모바일 콘텐츠의 개발과 콘텐츠의 시청각적 요소의 변화가 사용자 감성에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 연구 등에 활용될 수 있다. 본문에서는 개발된 프레임워크 기술의 설계 및 구현 내용과 이를 기반으로 구현된 모바일 감성 콘텐츠와 두 개의 게임에 대해서 설명한다.

We constructed a photometric database system which is optimally designed for microlensing events from KMTNet (Korea Microlensing Telescope Network) observation. We developed a framework software for the convenience of archiving, uploading, searching, and downloading of processed photometric data. From various tests for optimal data archiving engines, we found that the MyISAM storage engine shows the best performance. For the high performance of database system, data types of each field are carefully suggested from various combinations of tests especially to correct round-off errors. The developed framework provides the convenience of access to the database server using query forms via web pages, and displays the light curve of selected target for a quick view.