Building the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road is a new initiative for international cooperation. It will have a positive impact on the peaceful use of the South China Sea by encouraging a Code of Conduct to Parties in the South China Sea between China and ASEAN members; realizing a breakthrough of jointly developing oil and gas resources in the area; promoting comprehensive cooperation in maritime non-traditional security field; and providing a peaceful external environment for the South China Sea dispute settlement. The South China Sea dispute is a negative challenge to building the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. However, the pace building should not be stopped because of it. In the future, the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road will be on the international consensus as an international legal regime. Also, it will improve the domestic legal system regarding building the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road for China as well as the countries along the Belt and Road, especially the ASEAN members.

The fatalities of the evacuation facilities of the buildings accessed by unspecified people on the daily basis are significantly emerged as a problem. Evacuation facilities should be designed for common human behaviors the assumption that the customers are not familiar with the buildings. In addition, the characteristics of modern buildings such as high-rising and enlarging should be considered to design the evacuation plan. The evacuation is a problem that people reach a safe place with themselves. The architectural plan for the life safety should be established to minimize various disaster damages. To do so, the factors such as time, risks on the steps, combustion ash variables, safety training should be considered on the architectural planing.

최근 도시 공간에 대한 사회적 안전성에 대한 수요가 증대됨에 따라, 젠더에 따라 특성화된 공간 점유와 사용이 나타나는 젠더화된 공간에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 하지만, 젠더화된 공간에 대한 연구는 대개 담론을 중심으로 한 이론 측면이 주를 이루고 있으며, 실제 도시 공간에서의 실증적 분석이 매우 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 공간 조직 관점에서 이러한 젠더화된 공간 유형들이 도시 공간에서 어떻게 나타나고 있는지 탐색하는데 있다. 보다 구체적으로 도시의 토지이용과 경제활동이 구체적으로 재현되고 있는 도시 건물의 용도별 공간 분포를 탐색하기 위해, 서울시를 대상으로 공간 젠더링을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 공간 점유 측면에서 남성적 공간으로 유형화되는 지역들이 여성적 공간에 비해 상대적으로 높은 비율을 차지하고 있으며, 젠더화된 공간들은 주로 도시 중심부에 집중적으로 혼재되어 분포하고 있어 서로 명확하게 구분되지 않고 있다. 그러나 개별적인 젠더별 공간 점유는 연속적 공간에서 국지적인 공간 클러스터를 형성하고 있음을 보여주고 있다.

The purpose of this study is to present improvement for classification system of current neighborhood living facility to correspond rapid social change and various industries after understanding its status and problem. In current Building Standard Law, various kinds of buildings are classified for their structure, purpose of use, and building types. The Neighborhood Living Facility is divided into First Neighborhood Living Facility and Second Neighborhood Living Facility with applying area standards, according to facilities of convenience degree for neighborhood inhabitants. This classification, however, has problem in an arbitrary decision and applying of buildings without any definition or standards to adopt. And, there are some mixed neighborhood public functional facilities and amusement business affecting public morals among the Neighborhood Living Facility, so hazard environmental problems are also existed. According to the improved program, the study presents a prompt adoption of new facilities according to various industry increase, with minimum public discontent over adopted area standards. This study suggests making a clear scope through reclassification of Neighborhood Living Facility within the scope of the law on current Neighborhood Living Facility and an improvement plan of introducing necessary definitions on purpose of facility.

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of the use of the western building system with the change of the architectural design in the Japanese colonial period focused on the facility built by Joseon Government-General in 1910s. Through the 131 cases of governmental building, the tendency of the use of western building system. After 1910, Japanese Imperialism adopted the western wooden building system which main structure was made with combination of small pieces of timber for building the modern governmental facility because of the political and financial intention. So, all facilities were designed similarly by the structural module and the facade was finished by the feather boarding in the same with the ‘sitamitakei-giyohu’ in Japan. the functional requirements of each facility was not revealed. Such an western wooden building system was used until 1920s with the change of the facade by the mortar coating. But, in 1920s-1930s, the building system have begun to change. The use of the brick system caused some changes although the planing concept was still lasted. On the other hand, the use of the reinforced concrete led to more changes on the overall scheme.

By the earthquake and the wind against the displacement that occurs in buildings by utilizing the movement of the clip architectural exterior panels can follow the displacement and deformation by preventing the loss of architectural exterior panels to protect life and property.

This study is on the correlation between the capacity of the city, and floor area of super-tall buildings. Land use affects on a floor area by use of super-tall buildings, and amenities and public facilities affects too. As a result, the appropriate size of the super-tall buildings on the capacity of the city will help in the development of the district region.