The theoretical capacity of silicon-based anode materials is more than 10 times higher than the capacity of graphite, so silicon can be used as an alternative to graphite anode materials. However, silicon has a much higher contraction and expansion rate due to lithiation of the anode material during the charge and discharge processes, compared to graphite anode materials, resulting in the pulverization of silicon particles during repeated charge and discharge. To compensate for the above issues, there is a growing interest in SiOx materials with a silica or carbon coating to minimize the expansion of the silicon. In this study, spherical silica (SiO2) was synthesized using TEOS as a starting material for the fabrication of such SiOx through heating in a reduction atmosphere. SiOx powder was produced by adding PVA as a carbon source and inducing the reduction of silica by the carbothermal reduction method. The ratio of TEOS to distilled water, the stirring time, and the amount of PVA added were adjusted to induce size and morphology, resulting in uniform nanosized spherical silica particles. For the reduction of the spherical monodisperse silica particles, a nitrogen gas atmosphere mixed with 5 % hydrogen was applied, and oxygen atoms in the silica were selectively removed by the carbothermal reduction method. The produced SiOx powder was characterized by FE-SEM to examine the morphology and size changes of the particles, and XPS and FT-IR were used to examine the x value (O/Si ratio) of the synthesized SiOx.

This study aimed to address the increasing demand for technologies preventing mushroom fly damage. By monitoring the annual occurrence patterns of pests over several years and accumulating data, we conducted an analysis to evaluate the efficacy of preventive measures applied before the surge in mushroom fly infestation, typically observed in May. For preemptive control, physical measures involved installing air curtains at cultivation facility entrances and placing sticky traps and insect traps around entry points to block external entry and reduce internal insect density. Additionally, we applied an organic agricultural material, Dalmatian chrysanthemum extract, weekly alongside chemical control measures. To assess the reduction in mushroom fly populations, yellow sticky traps (15×25 cm) were placed at three locations within the mushroom cultivation facility, and the occurrence patterns before and after implementing preventive measures were compared. Compared to conventional practices, the application of preventive techniques resulted in a significant reduction, with a 60% decrease from 15 levels of mushroom flies/m² to 6 levels of mushroom flies/m² in May and a 40% decrease from 10 levels of mushroom flies/m² to 6 levels of mushroom flies/m² in June. While achieving over 50% efficacy during the peak mushroom fly season with preventive measures, we identified complementary actions such as blocking external sources (gaps in cultivation facility doors) and maintaining cleanliness around cultivation facilities (proper disposal of spent substrate) for further improvement. Comprehensive analysis and safety studies, including correlation analysis with contaminants and pathogens, are recommended to ensure the widespread adoption of mushroom fly preventive techniques for safe and stable mushroom production in the agricultural sector.

This study was carried out in order to provide suggestions with regard to optimal control methods for various odor emission facilities (162 companies and 26 industrial classifications) through comparative analysis of effective odor treatment technologies for each type of odor substance by literature reviews, based on measured 22 odor substance data for 162 samples taken from A city. The industrial classification of Pulp showed the highest odor quotient (7,589 as average value) and was followed by the industrial classifications of Wastewater, Woods, and Furniture, indicating average odor quotient values of 2,361, 1,396 and 1,392, respectively. Absorption using chlorine dioxide and sodium hydroxide can be an optimal treatment method to remove the odor substances of sulfide and aldehyde groups. Biofilers with microbial communities will be effective to remove odors caused by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and an absorption method using sulfuric acid is proper for the removal of odor substances caused by nitrogens.

본 연구는 식품 생산 환경에서 A. ochraceus를 저감하기 위하여 물리적 제어기술인 광살균(LED, UV), 열수 처리를 통하여 그 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 A. ochraceus 포자 현탁액(107-8 spore/mL)를 스테인리스 칩에 1 mL 접종하고 37oC에 건조한 후 각각의 물리적 처리에 적용하였다. LED를 활용하여 30분, 1, 2, 5, 8, 11시간 처리하였으나 균수에서 유의적인 차이를 확인하지 못하였으나 UV-C와 열수침지에서는 모두 A. ochraceus가 유의적으로 감소하였다. UV-C를 단독으로 스테인리스 칩에 360 kJ/m2까지 조사한 결과 A. ochraceus가 1.27 log CFU/ cm2 까지 유의적으로 감소한 것을 확인하였다. 열수 처리에서는 가장 고온인 83oC에서 5분간 침지할 경우 A. ochraceus 초기 접종농도인 6.49 log CFU/cm2를 모두 사멸 시켰다. 그러나 고온의 열에너지를 5분간 현장에서 유지하는 것이 쉽지 않으므로 경제성과 사용 적합성 등을 고려하여 비교적 저온인 60oC와 자외선을 복합처리 하여 적절한 저감 조건을 확인하고자 하였다. 복합처리 결과 미온수에서도 침지시간 증가와 UV-C 조사량 증가에 따라 유의적으로 감소하여 불검출되었다. 이러한 결과들을 바탕으로 미온수인 60oC 물에 작업도구 등을 침지하여 3분 간 침지한 후 10분 이상 UV 살균처리 장치에 비치하여 둔다면 작업 중 A. ochraceus가 식품으로 교차오염되는 가능성을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

시설토마토에서 사전에 해충밀도를 예찰 하지 않고 작물 정식과 동시에 적용한, 기생성/포식성 천적과 그들의 먹이원/서식처가 결합되어 있는, ‘Natural Enemy in First (NEF)’ 기술의 총채벌레와 진딧물 방제효과를 확인하였다. 처리 후 12주차에 NEF 처리구에서 총채벌레 밀도억제 효과는 천적처리구 및 관행방제구에 비해 각각 32%와 82% 더 높았다. 처리 후 진딧물의 밀도는 모든 처리구에서 낮게 유지되어 처리구간 유의성 있는 차이를 확인할 수 없었다.

Corrosion inhibitors including calcium hydroxide have been used to prevent corrosion in the pipes for tap water supply. The corrosion index (i.e., Langelier Index) differs by area and water quality. The corrosion indices of the areas studied differed by more than 2.0. The ‘homogenized’ calcium hydroxide was added to the treated water at the K water treatment plant, in order to increase the value of the corrosion index and the concentration of calcium. As the result, the concentration of calcium was increased while the turbidity and pH changed little. The corrosion rate of the tap water with the 'homogenized' calcium hydroxide could be slowed down pretty much. The results suggested that the technology of 'homogenization' of calcium hydroxide can applied to tap water and desalinated water to prevent corrosion in water pipes even in corrosive pipes.

The spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), can feed on more than 70 species of insects including immature stages of Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. P. maculiventris is native to North America and there was an attempt and failure to import P. maculiventris to South Korea in 1970s. Recently, P. maculiventris was successfully re-introduced to South Korea and is being contained and reared in a quarantined facility at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, South Korea. In this presentation, we will introduce this new biological control agent targeting major lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in agriculture and forest. In addition, current research on mass rearing and aerial release of P. maculiventris using drones will be presented.

Due to economic feasibility and recycling policy of wastes, various types of residues have been studied particularly for high valued materials, such as gas adsorbents. In this study, the preparation of an adsorbent using the waste from coffee manufacturing process was attempted, and the removal efficiencies the odor and VOCs with acetaldehyde were quantitatively evaluated. The obtained coffee adsorbent had a specific surface area ranging from 400~1024 m2/g, the adsorption amount at the largest specific surface area was about 92.6 mg/g for acetaldehyde. The adsorption time by the characteristics of the adsorbents, such as pore, pore volume and the amount of adsorbent was also measured. This was to determine whether or not coffee adsorbents have any performance as adsorbent.

수분을 포함한 압축공기는 공압 시스템에서 부식과 관석 등의 여러가지 문 제를 유발하기 때문에 기상 내의 수분을 효율적으로 제거하기 위한 다양한 기술이 개발되어오고 있다. 특히, 분리막을 이용한 제습 방법은 에너지 소비가 작 고, 장치를 소형화할 수 있다는 장점으로 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 제습용 중공사막을 상전이 방적법으로 제조하고, 친수성 또는 소수성으로 표면 개질하였다. 선택도와 투과도 향상을 위하여 기공 구조를 제어하였으며, SEM, 기체 투 과도, 접촉각 측정 등으로 중공사막의 특성을 분석하였다. 또한, 분리막을 모듈 화하여 제습 실험을 수행하였으며, 여러 운전 조건에서의 특성을 확인하였다.