In this study, durability and reliability were verified by developing a compost crushing equipment for mushroom cultivation that can perform both the compost turning process and the rice straw grinding process. Structural analysis and vibration analysis were performed. The designed compost crusher is designed with sufficient strength within the range that satisfies the safety factor as a result of structural analysis. In the case of the basic frame, it is judged to have sufficient safety against various impacts that may occur during transport or operation. As a result of the performance evaluation of the compost grinding device, it was measured to be capable of crushing and turning 11,630kg of compost in one hour, and it showed excellent performance in terms of work volume and loadable height.

본 연구는 육상 기원 조립질 하상 퇴적물의 높은 이동성에 영향을 미치는 전단과 파쇄특성을 조사하기 위하여 링전단실험을 수행하였다. 평균 입경 6 mm 자갈에 대하여 링전단시험장치를 사용하여 전단시간(shear time)과 전단속도(shear velocity)에 따른 전단-변형률 역학특성과 입자파쇄 특성을 조사하였다. 특히 배수(장시간 전단)와 비배수(단시간 전단)조건을 고려하기 위하여 초기 전단속도(0.01→0.1→1 mm/sec와 0.1→0.01→1 mm/sec)에 따른 링전단실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과에 따르면, (i) 배수와 비배수조건 모두에서 입자파쇄 특성이 확인되었지만, 비배수조건에서 상대적으로 큰 전단저항을 받는 것으로 나타났다. (ii) 배수조건에 관계없이 수중 자갈의 초기 전단속도는 전단응력-전단변형률 관계곡선을 결정하는 중요한 요인으로 나타났다. (iii) 입자파쇄는 평균 입경에 영향을 받으며 사용된 수중 자갈은 상대적으로 큰 입자파쇄 특성을 보였다. 그리고 (iv) 전단응력 결정에서 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 영향인자는 전단시간과 초기 전단속도임을 확인할 수 있었다. 결론적으로 모래와 자갈을 다량 함유한 조립질 하상 퇴적물은 입자-입자 간 상호 접촉, 마모, 맞물림, 마찰 등의 물리적 이동과정을 통해 입자파쇄와 세립토 함량이 증가되고 이러한 현상은 하상 퇴적물의 고유동성을 초래하는 원인이 되는 것으로 판단된다.

In the agriculture of strawberry cultivation, it is necessary to loosening and breaking up of the intertwined coco peat and strawberry root in order to cultivate strawberry again. The main objective of this study is to design and analyze the structure of strawberry rotary device for using breaking up of coco peat and strawberry root. In order to perform crushing coco peat on the bed, the rotary device was designed under the weigh 20kg with the speed 11.75m/min, and it can operate on bed width from 250~310mm. Due to different depth of bed, the body of device also was designed screw holder to adjust the hight from 0~120mm. To evaluate the safety of structure, body device was analyzed in static and free vibration state by using Abaqus program. The device was applied maximum load 1177.2N, and the maximum equivalent stress was reached 41.9MPa. The free vibration analysis of two rotating cutter showed minimum natural frequency mode 338.58Hz and 339.9Hz. The results indicate that the designed rotary device was satisfied and has enough strength under design and simulation conditions.

Wasted meat & bone has generated as byproducts in the slaughtering process of livestock and also faced with demands for its recycling and environmental protection. Many studies have been conducted to recycle byproducts and carried out mainly on the crushing of bones and the vacuum packing technology of products. In this study, the crushing unit, transporting unit, separated unit and packing unit have designed for development of the crushing and packing systems. Also, to confirm the performance of this system, the experimental verification were carried out the working noise and packing weight.

This study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of expanding the usage of whole crop silage from beef cattle and dairy cow to hogs and chickens. For this purpose, a crushing device was developed to crush whole crop silage. The crushed silage was sealed, and analyzed for its feed value. The silage varieties used for the experiment included Saessal barley and Geumgang wheat. Whole crop barley and wheat were crushed in the crushing system as a whole without separating stems, leaves, grains, etc.. When the crushed whole crop silages (CWCS) were analyzed, full grain, grains above 10 mm in size, grains 5～10 mm in size, and grains below 5 mm in size accounted for, 20%, 4%, 27%, and 49 %, respectively. In order to facilitate the fermentation of CWCS, inoculated some fermenter into each CWCS sample (barley or wheat). As control, another set of sample was not inoculated. Crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, cellulose content, total digestible nutrient (TDN), and relative feed value (RFV) of fermenter-inoculated Saessal barley were 2.45 %, 1.61%, 8.95%, 16.94%, 9.52%, 1.01%, 8.51%, 81.38%, and 447.5%, respectively. The CP, EE, CF, NDF, ADF, lignin, cellulose content, TDN, and RFV in the other sample of Saessal barley without inoculation of fermenter were 2.57%, 1.62%, 9.61%, 18.25%, 10.13%, 1.10%, 9.04%, 80.90%, and 412.9%, respectively. The CP, EE, CF, NDF, ADF, lignin, cellulose content, TDN, and RFV of fermenter-inoculated Geumgang wheat sample were 2.43%, 1.27%, 10.99%, 19.49%, 11.23%, 1.46%, 9.77%, 80.03%, and 382.6%, respectively. The CP, EE, CF, NDF, ADF, lignin, cellulose content, TDN, RFV of the other set sample of Geumgang wheat sample without the inoculation of fermenter were 2.28%, 1.44%, 10.08%, 18.02%, 10.44%, 1.26%, 9.18%, 80.65%, and 416.9%, respectively. The TDN and RFV content in the fermenter-inoculated Saessal barley were 81.38% and 447.5%, respectively, while the one in the fermenter-inoculated Geumgang wheat were 80.03% and 382.6% respectively. When the feed value of whole crop barley and wheat silage without crushing process was compared to the feed value of whole crop barley and wheat silage made from crushing system, the latter appeared to be higher than the former. This could be due to the process of sealing the crushed silage which might have minimized air content between samples and shortened the golden period of fermentation. In conclusion, these results indicate that a crushing process might be needed to facilitate fermentation and improve the quality of silage when making whole crop silage.

Waste oyster shell is a waste product from oyster-culturing farm and also presents a major disposal problem in itself. The present study is conducted to develop equipments for recycling waste oyster shells etc. Through the processing of the recycling treatment of wasted marine products, it is transfered and used as the other functional materials. The advanced drying and crushing equipments are designed and conducted the performance evaluation. Finally, it was shown that performance of these are superior to that of the other existing equipments.

선박은 박판으로 구성되어 있는 판구조물이며 사고하중을 받으면 압괴, 마찰접촉, 찢김, 대변형 등 같은 복잡한 비선형 거동을 경험하게 된다. 이런 구조물의 붕괴거동을 해석적인 방법으로 평가하기란 매우 힘들며 일반적으로 실험 및 외연적 시간적분을 이용하여 구조물의 압괴·충돌강도를 추정하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 내연적 시간적분, 외연적 시간적분 결과를 비교하여 합리적이고 효과적인 해석기법을 제안하고자 한다. 이번 수치 시뮬레이션 간 범용 유한요소해석

It is not difficult to see the road repairing. There are many and various machines which crush road surface. The efficiency and power of the machine depend on crushing head-shape, crushing interval, crushing load, crushing stress, machine's dropping height and roller's kind. The objective of this study is to select the optimal model among ten models of crushing machine with constraints such as crushing depth, variation, and crushed particle size. And then this paper provides the valid theoretical base on selected model. The data for this study are chosen from the site of construction in Kangnung during three months (2004. 6. 1~2004. 8. 31). The provided methodology in this paper will be fruitful not only for the selection of crushing machine but also for the aspects of construction period, cost, work efficacy according to the condition from the various sites of construction.

It is not difficult to see the road repairing. There are many and various machines that can crush road surface. The efficiency and power of the machine depend on crushing head-shape, crushing interval, crushing load, crushing stress, machine's dropping height and roller's kind. The objective of this study is to select the optimal model among ten models of crushing machine with constraints such as crushing depth, variation, and crushed particle size. The data for this study are chosen from the site of construction in Kangnung during three months (2004. 6. 1 ~ 2004. 8. 31). The provided methodology in this paper will be fruitful not only for the selection of crushing machine but also for the aspects of construction period, cost, work efficacy according to the condition from the various sites of construction.

산업부산물을 활용하여 친환경적인 재자원화를 도모하고 화재에 대비한 콘크리트의 내화성능 및 폭열을 방지하고자 산업부산물(플라이애시, 고로슬래그 미분말)과 섬유(PVA섬유, 강섬유)를 혼입한 내화모르타르의 압축강도 잔존률을 비교분석하여 내화모르타의 역학적 특성을 파악하고, 내화소재 개발에 대한 기초적인 자료로 활용하고자 한다.

A metal halide lamp was developed to improve the performance of high pressure mercury lamps. In South Korea, these are used in street lamps, fishing lamps, and automobile headlights; however, these are not specified in Annex A part 1 of the MINAMATA convention. In this study, valuable materials were investigated in automobile headlights and street lights and were minimized to contaminate mercury via staged crushing. The staged crushing prevents mercury emissions in the crushing process. Thus, the mercury concentration in glass-type byproducts from waste HID lamps was increased from 260.29 mg-Hg/kg to 2,907.16 mg-Hg/kg. In addition, glass from waste street lamps was increased from 1,083.71 mg-Hg/kg to 14,101.95 mg-Hg/kg. In the case of street light crushing, mercury-containing glass waste decreased by 67%. The specific wastes from staged crushing were mainly glass type. In this material, mercury species vaporize at over 800°C. The elemental mercury was estimated to oxidize during its use and crushing. Therefore, to ensure the harmless treatment of specific wastes from staged crushing, treatment at over 800°C is recommended.

본 연구에서는 파쇄 메커니즘이 상이한 파쇄기(함마 크럿셔와 롤 크럿셔)와 파쇄회로(개회로 및 폐회로)를 사용하여 각각의 파쇄기 종류에 따른 백운석 파쇄산물의 입도분포와 파쇄특성에 대해 알아보았다. 함마 크럿셔로 파쇄한 경우, 100 mesh 이하의 미분이 약 34 wt.%로 롤 크럿셔로 파쇄한 경우보다 약 3 배 이상 높았다. 또한 14~25 mesh 산물은 롤 크럿셔로 파쇄할 경우, 함마 크럿셔로 파쇄한 경우에 비하여 약 20 wt.% 이상 많이 생성되었다. 35 mesh 이하의 산물은 함마 크럿셔로 파쇄 시 전체의 약 80 wt.% 정도였다. 두 파쇄기 모두 개회로에 비해 폐회로 파쇄 시 미분의 발생률이 감소하였다. 광석에 따른 적절한 파쇄기 및 파쇄회로의 선택에 따라 목적하는 입도의 산물을 효율적으로 얻을 수 있다.