As the 3D laser scanning technology capable of databaseing large sewage box culverts becomes possible, it is necessary to develop a standardization manual that can clearly distinguish the structural and operational defect types of box culver and analyze the defect data. In this study, we collected and analyzed defects in sewage box culverts of 14,827m in total by selecting three districts in Korea. The major defects were surface damages, and their defect densities were 2.17 m2/m, 0.27 m2/m and 0.10 m2/m for aggregate exposure, Steel reinforcement exposure, and Steel reinforcement projecting. In order to support the decision of the box culverment management, it was divided into five grades and each defect code and defect score were allocated. The results of this study are useful for the diagnosis of the sewage box culverts in Korea and it is expected to support a decision making for management.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to develop a regression model to predict the International Roughness Index(IRI) and Surface Distress(SD) for the estimation of HPCI using Expressway Pavement Management System(PMS).METHODS : To develop an HPCI prediction model, prediction models of IRI and SD were developed in advance. The independent variables considered in the models were pavement age, Annual Average Daily Traffic Volume(AADT), the amount of deicing salt used, the severity of Alkali Silica Reaction(ASR), average temperature, annual temperature difference, number of days of precipitation, number of days of snowfall, number of days below zero temperature, and so on.RESULTS : The present IRI, age, AADT, annual temperature differential, number of days of precipitation and ASR severity were chosen as independent variables for the IRI prediction model. In addition, the present IRI, present SD, amount of deicing chemical used, and annual temperature differential were chosen as independent variables for the SD prediction model.CONCLUSIONS: The models for predicting IRI and SD were developed. The predicted HPCI can be calculated from the HPCI equation using the predicted IRI and SD.

국내 해양관련 데이터베이스의 정보를 구축하는 중에 확인된 문제점들은 HNS 크게 두 가지로 요약된다. 첫 번째는 물질정보가 없는 경우로서, 많은 경우 자연물질로 다양한 성분을 함유하고 있으며, 이외에도 이성질체 및 동족체화합물로서 확인된다. 두 번째로는 국내 HNS DB의 출처가 다양하여, 정제되지 않은 경우인데 물질정보의 환경조건이 상이하거나 같은 조건에서도 서로 다른 정보가 혼재하는 경우이다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해, 유럽의 GESAMP에서 제시한 보고서와 미국 CAMEO를 참조하여 누락정보를 확보하였으며 두 데이터베이스의 명명법의 차이에서 오는 누락 정보를 두 데이터베이스의 유사명 자료비교와 화학구조를 이용해 확인하였다. 자연물질과 그룹화합물들도 주요성분의 자료를 활용하였으며, 이성질체의 경우 단일성분의 자료를 기입하거나, 위험성이 높은 성분의 자료를 선택해서 기입하였다. 물질정보 중 IMDG 등급의 경우 주위험성외에 부위험성의 중요성을 고려하여 HNS DB에 새로 기입하였으며, 부록으로 HS 번호 부여 및 해양환경거동분류를 첨부하였다. 향후 아직 남아있는 누락정보의 확보를 위해서는 GESAMP circular report를 확보하도록 할 필요성이 있다고 판단된다

Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS) has operated mushroom resource management facilities which consist of eight separate rooms with automatic temperature and humidity controllers for the safe preservation of mycelial cultures and dried voucher specimens. Recently the liquid-nitrogen (LN) cryogenic system for the permanent/semi-permanent preservation of the strains commercially or scientifically important are successfully installed. Currently, 3,072 strains of 493 species in 139 genera of edible and medicinal mushrooms are preserved. During the last two years, an intranet site was designed and constructed for efficiently managing genetic resources. Based on accumulated data, morphological and physiological characteristics of mycelia and fruiting bodies, genetic sequences such as DNA barcodes and other molecular markers, preservation information, and the related pictures and documents of each strain are provided via graphical user interface.

The leafhopper subfamily, Typhlocybinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae), caused direct damage by sap-sucking or indirect damage by transmission of viruses or diseases to the host plants, so Typhlocybinae is one of the most important insect pests in agriculture, urban ecology, forest, etc. in the world. However, their identifications are very difficult due to small size and morphological similarities, and their exact biological information such as host plants and life cycle are not reported yet for most species. So, we construct an integrated biological database that presents accurate diagnostic methods (illustrated key characters, DNA barcoding data), patterns and seasons of occurrences, and some ecological photographs such as dorsal habitus of specimens and plant damages

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major pathogen that may be one of the main reasons for economic losses in the livestock industry. BVDV is a well-characterized member of Flaviviridae family with plus-stranded RNA viruses. Non-structural NS5B protein is RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which is responsible for viral RNA synthesis and genome replication of BVDV. Therefore, the NS5B polymerase is a key target for the discovery of anti-BVDV drugs. A number of small-molecule inhibitors against the NS5B polymerase have been reported in literature of which we collected series molecules having various scaffold with their biological data determined by evident experimental conditions, methods and procedures. Then, we constructed database of 655 small-molecule NS5B inhibitors having definitive activity values, structural parameters, and physicochemical properties (such as molecular hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, polarity, Hbond donors and H-bond acceptors) associated with their absorption and permeability through a cheminformatics approach. The database was opened to provide insight for allosteric NS5B inhibitors of BVDV with an accessible platform on the web (http://nabic.rda.go.kr/chemical genomic database/BVDV RNA dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors). This molecular information in the database would be useful in attempting to identify features and decision factors that enhance anti-BVDV activity or increase selectivity of the allosteric inhibitor. These anti-BVDV molecules could also be screening for the purpose of exploiting potent NS5B inhibitors in the same family (e.g., HCV, CSFV, YFV, WNV, and DENV).

국내 유통중인 다양한 형태의 원료물질 또는 공정부산물들에 대한 물리적, 화학적 및 방사선적 특성을 평가하기 위해 약 220 여 개, 총 16 종의 표본 시료를 선정하였다. 해당 시료들에 대하여 LaBr3 섬광검출기를 이용한 에너지 스펙트럼 측정과 에너 지 분산형 X-선 형광 분광기를 이용한 U, Th, K와 물질의 주요 성분 분석을 수행하였다. 그리고 HPGe 검출기를 이용하여 234Th, 234mPa 및 214Bi 등의 우라늄 붕괴계열 핵종들과 228Ac, 212Pb 및 208Tl 등의 토륨 붕괴계열 핵종들 그리고 40K 등의 방사능 농도를 분석함으로써 원료물질 및 공정부산물의 특성에 관한 기초자료를 수집하였다. 추가적으로 ROI구간별 계수율과 원 소성분함량, 방사능농도와 같은 특성변수들 간의 상관관계를 분석함으로써 스크리닝 장비를 이용한 방사능 농도 분포 유추 가능성을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 구축된 특성 데이터베이스는 천연방사성핵종 분석을 위한 절차 및 방법을 수립하는데 유 용한 정보를 제공하고, 천연방사성핵종 분석에 대한 정확성 및 재현성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다

최근 기후변화에 따라 전 세계적으로 큰 규모의 산불 발생이 증가하고 있으며, 우리나라도 산불발생이 전반적으로 증가하는 경향을 보인다. 최근 우리나라와 인접한 북한에서 발생한 산불이 비무장 지대 등의 국내 영토로 번지는 사건이 많이 발생하고 있다. 우리나라에서는 오픈 API(application programming interface)를 통하여 과거 산불발생 기록을 검색할 수 있으나 행정기관에서 수집한 자료여서 국내 지역으로 정보가 국한되어 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 접근불능지역인 북한을 포함한 한반도의 산불발생에 대한 장기 시계열 정보를 생산하기 위하여 2000년부터 2015년까지의 MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) 위성자료를 수집 및 재가공하여 일자별 산불발생 현황의 GIS 데이터베이스를 구축하고자 한다. 데이터베이스 구축을 위한 입력자료로서 Terra 위성의 MOD14A1 산출물과 Aqua 위성의 MYD14A1 산출물을 사용하였으며, 16년간의 일자별 영상을 일괄작업으로 재처리하여 산불의 발생일자, 발생 위치, 탐지 신뢰도, 방사열 에너지(fire radiative power: FRP) 등의 정보를 추출하고 이들을 결합하여 Shapefile 형태로 생성하였다. 본 연구에서 구축한 장기시계열 GIS 데이터베이스는 다른 연구자들에 의해 한반도 산불정보의 시공간 특성 분석에 활용될 수 있으며, 이를 위하여 인터넷에 결과 파일을 탑재하여 자유롭게 다운로드 가능하도록 하였다.

Korea is part of a region of low to moderate seismicity located inside the Eurasian plate with bedrock located at depths less than 30 m. However, the spectral acceleration obtained from site response analyses based on the geologic conditions of inland areas of the Korean peninsula are significantly different from the current Korean seismic code. Therefore, suitable site classification scheme and design response spectra based on local site conditions in the Korean peninsula are required to produce reliable estimates of earthquake ground motion. In this study, site-specific response analyses were performed at more than 300 sites with at least 100 sites at each site categories of SC, SD, and SE as defined in the current seismic code in Korea. The process of creating a huge database of input parameters - such as shear wave velocity profiles, normalized shear modulus reduction curves, damping curves, and input earthquake motions - for site response analyses were described. The response spectra and site coefficients obtained from site response analyses were compared with those proposed for the site categories in the current code. Problems with the current seismic design code were subsequently discussed, and the development and verifications of new site classification system and corresponding design response spectra are detailed in companion papers (II-development of new site categories and design response spectra and III-Verifications)

Earthquake event keeps increasing every year, and the recent cases of earthquake hazards invoke the necessity of seismic study in Korea, as geotechnical earthquake hazards, such as strong ground motion, liquefaction and landslides, are a significant threat to structures in industrial hub areas including coastal facilities. In this study, systemized framework of integrated assessment of earthquake-induced geotechnical hazard was established using advanced geospatial database. And a visible simulation of the framework was specifically conducted at two coastal facility areas in Incheon. First, the geospatial-grid information in the 3D domain were constructed with geostatistical interpolation method composed of multiple geospatial coverage mapping and 3D integration of geo-layer construction considering spatial outliers and geotechnical uncertainty. Second, the behavior of site-specific seismic responses were assessed by incorporating the depth to bedrock, mean shear wave velocity of the upper 30 m, and characteristic site period based on the geospatial-grid. Third, the normalized correlations between rock-outcrop accelerations and the maximum accelerations of each grid were determined considering the site-specific seismic response characteristics. Fourth, the potential damage due to liquefaction was estimated by combining the geospatial-grid and accelerations correlation grid based on the simplified liquefaction potential index evaluation method.

본 연구에서는 국내의 공시된 545종의 위험유해물질의 국제 해상운송위험물 코드를 포함한 다양한 물질 고유번호들을 수집하고 물질정보와 위험성에 대해 조사한 후, 이미 개발된 미국, 일본, 유럽형 데이터베이스를 참고하여, 해상 운송되는 국내 HNS의 물질정보와 폭발성과 부식성을 포함한 거동특성에 대한 자료를 취합한 한국형 위험유해물질 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 또한 기존 육상 환경위주의 위험유해물질의 데이터베이스의 문제점과 혼합물 위험유해물질의 물질정보의 부재를 포함한 해결해야할 문제점을 보고하였다. 해양유출사고에 대비한 데이터베이스의 구조를 국내 해양환경에 맞는 기본모델을 구축하고 추후 확장 데이터베이스 구성에 대한 개선안을 제시하였다.

This study investigated the design and establishment of AtoN(Aids to Navigation) in the AtoN Simulator. In recent years, IALA(International Association of Lighthouse Authorities) has raised the need of a system which could verify whether AtoN is appropriate for the design of AtoN and placement planning. An AtoN Simulator provides simulation circumstances, including the topographical and environmental characteristics of a primary harbor and the characteristics of a navigating ship and the maritime traffic. In the present study, we have developed an AtoN simulator system, including the integrated system design and the construction of an AtoN database. The AtoN Manager was developed as a virtual AtoN to manage the AtoN simulation. However, the data and materials are difficult to manage. Hence, an AtoN Manager and an AtoN simulation system have been needed for an effective managing of the AtoN properties database data. For the database structure design, we have analyzed the database design methodology. The AtoN properties have been analyzed for the effective data management. The AtoN properties designed in the present paper were classified into 19 categories. The status and properties database of AtoN were installed in 14 major ports, those were applied to the AtoN Manager. Designing the AtoN properties database was defined to reduce confusion of the use of English terms and abbreviations. The terms and acronyms have been defined in the AtoN properties and designed to the properties database structure for each AtoN. Before structuring the database for the AtoN Manager, the data of the AtoN properties for each harbor have been organized in accordance with the Excel system. The regulated data were converted into the AtoN properties database in use for the AtoN Manager. The database based on the AtoN properties table structure to each AtoN was designed. The AtoN simulator was implemented by the AtoN Manager applied to the AtoN properties database.

Since 2000s, proper utilization of IoT (Internet of Things) technology is a key factor for a firm to become more competitive, and this stream is not exceptional for the food and agriculture industry. Along with this stream, Korea government organization, for example MAFRA (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs), elected to adopt IoT technology, such as USN and RFID technologies, in the food and agriculture industry. Based on the IoT technology, MAFARA launched six “IoT based farm” project in 2007. IoT based farm project includes IoT based greenhouse system project, and it shows drastic efficiency in terms of cost reduction. When it comes to the productivity, however, the effect of IoT based greenhouse system is still ambiguous. In this regard, this study conducted systems analysis and design for IoT based tomato greenhouse in order to help farmers’ decision making related to the productivity by establishing standardized database structure and designing output form to analyze productivity indices. Proposed systems analysis and design can be utilized as a data analysis tools by farmers. Productivity data from the proposed systems is can be used by researchers to identify the relationship among environment, plant growth and productivity. Policy makers also can refer to the data and output forms to predict the quantity of fruit during certain period and to revise production guideline more precisely.