東아시아에 대한 우리나라의 海外直接投資(Foreign Direct Investment)는 80년대 후반에와 國際收支가 黑字로 돌아서면서 급속히 늘어나고, 이러한 增加는 90년대에 들어와서도 계속 지속되고 있다. 특히 國交의 정상화로 中國과의 交易이 급증하게 됨에 따라 우리 기업들은 中國 진출에 많은 관심을 가지기 시작하였다. 최근에 자동차 및 전자 산업의 공동개발과 육성에 관한 양국간의 협력을 다짐함으로써 企業의 海外進出 및 海外直接投資는 더욱 더 많은 關心의 대상으로 떠오르고 있다. 韓國 企業의 海外直接投資의 역사가 짧고 행태마저도 불분명하여, 극히 소수의 學者들에 시도된 實證的 硏究들은 거시적인 政策측면과 經濟側面에 치중하고 있어 합리적 意思決定者인 企業 차원의 微視的 측면이 결여되어 있다. 따라서 本硏究에서는 旣存의 諸理論들을 체계적으로 정리함과 아울러 기존의 硏究들이 거시적 측면만을 주로 硏究하고 微視的 企業側面 을 소홀히 했던 점을 감안하여 企業차원을 微視的 접근에 의해 實證 檢證을 하여 企業의 海外直接投資에 관한 이론적 기반을 제시하고 더 나아가 우리 기업의 海外直接投資의 回歸模型을 推定하여 實證檢證을 하므로서 海外直接投資의 決定요인을 찾아내어 企業과 政府차원의 政策立案에 다소의 도움을 주고자 하는 데에도 그 目的을 두었다. 특히 海外直接投資는 다른 海外市場 진출 方法에 비해 실패율이 높고 危險도 크다는 점을 감안한다면 企業, 政府, 學界 측면에서 지속적인 關心 및 硏究가 必要하다.

This paper aims to develop a conceptual framework for Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) that takes into account the effect of GSCM drivers on implementing GSCM practices in Vietnam FDI companies. This study has considered organizational commitment, social network, and government support as GSCM driver factors and proposed a structural model of the relationships between GSCM drivers and GSCM practices in Vietnam FDI companies. The empirical analysis used data from 192 questionnaires which used a comprehensive, valid, and reliable tool (SPSS 26 and SmartPLS 3.0 software) to evaluate rigorous statistical tests including convergence validity, discriminatory validity, reliability, and Average Variance Extracted (AVE) to analyze and verify the gathered data and develop the hypothesis. The result of path analysis shows that GSCM driver factors constitute a structured system with different degrees of influence on GSCM drivers and GSCM practices. Organizational commitment and government support has a positive relationship with both GSCM drivers and GSCM practices, while social network only has a positive relationship on GSCM drivers. As a result, the testing of the relationship between GSCM drivers and GSCM practices has been verified and supported. The findings of this study can help managers and decision-makers to push the implementation of GSCM practices in FDI companies.

This study aims to empirically examine the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) and corruption on the development of public-service sectors in 10 ASEAN countries. It then investigates whether this relationship is different between two FDI compositions including greenfield FDI and FDI in the form of cross-border merger and acquisitions (M&As). Using a panel database of 10 ASEAN countries during the period 1996-2015 from various sources including the World Development Indicators of the World Bank and UNCTAD, we first find that FDI strongly and positively contributes to the development of the public-service sectors in the recipient nations, except for the electricity sector. However, we show that this relationship is dependent on the type of FDI modes of entry. Specifically, while greenfield investment exerts a beneficial influence on the development of telecommunication and transportation sectors, cross-border M&A has no effect on these sectors, perhaps because of the distinct differences among three public service sectors. Finally, we found that in a highly corrupt environment, aggregate FDI might have no influence on all three public-service sectors, possibly because the two contradictory influences of the interaction terms between corruption and two FDI sub-types seem to cancel each other out.

This paper aims to investigate FDI attractive factors, which are important to formulate policies to attract Korean direct investment into Vietnam. Based on the literature review and the results of interview with 27 Korean investors in Vietnam, we determined the model of variables attracting Korea’s FDI into Vietnam. It is used to assess the impact of attractive factors belonging to three groups of variables to support investment decision; they are macroeconomics variables (including market size factor, labor cost factor, and market openness factor), policies variables (including monetary policy factor and tax rate gap factor), and microeconomics variables (geographic advantage factor representative by location). This research also utilized a relatively new quantitative research method based on the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) with the time data chain from 1995 to 2017 of Korean FDI into Vietnam. It analyzes long-term relationships between dependent variables and independent variables. The result of this study indicates that there are three positive factors (low wages, trade openness and government policy) explaining the FDI flows in the long term. The result also shows that incentive tax policy has had a positive impact on Korean FDI, which has satisfied the aim of seeking efficiency of Korean investors.

The research aims to investigate the impact levels of determinants on the loyalty of accountants to FDI firms underlying investment management in Thanglong Industrial Park in Hanoi, Vietnam. We conducted a questionnaire consisting of 31 observation variables with a 5-point Likert scale. Independent variables were measured from 1 “without effect” to 5 “strongly”. The method of data collection was done through the survey and subjects are accountants in FDI firms doing business in Thanglong Industrial Park in Hanoi. After checking the information on the votes, there are 120 questionnaires with full information for data entry and analysis, This study employs Cronbach‟s Alpha test, and regression model. The results show that seven determinants including Working environment, The characteristics of working; Training, promotion prospects and development; Income, Personal characteristic, Collective work together and The method of leading had positive relationships with the loyalty of accountants. Based on the findings, some recommendations are given related to such determinants to improve the loyalty of accountants of FDI firms in general and FDI firms in Thanglong Industrial Park in Hanoi in particular. With which, those firms can enhance performance, reduce financial strain, saving on investment in the recruiting process of new staff, increase profitability to ensure investment management.

The study aims to examine the effects of inward every presence of foreign investment, import, and real exchange rate shocks on export performance in Vietnam. This study employs a time-series sample dataset in the period of 1990 – 2018. All data are collected from the General Statistics Office of Ministry of Planning and Investment in Vietnam, World Development Indicator and Ministry of Finance, State Bank of Vietnam. This study employs the Augmented Dickey–Fuller test and the vector error correction model with the analysis of cointegration. The results demonstrate that a higher value of import significantly accelerates export performance in the short run, but insignificantly generates in the long run. When the volume of registered foreign investment goes up, the export performance will predominantly decrease in the both short run and long run. Historically, countries worldwide are more likely to devaluate their currencies in order to support export performance. According to the study, the exchange rate volatility has an effect on the external trade in the long run but no effect in the short run. Finally, Vietnam’s export performance converges on its long-run equilibrium by roughly 6.3% with the speed adjustment via a combination of import, every presence of foreign investment, and real exchange rate fluctuations.

The paper aims to investigate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on private investment with a sample having 49 developing countries in Asia (17 countries) and Africa (32 countries) during the period of 1990-2017. Unlike previous studies, we split the data into three groups for further analysis, including the Asian, African and the full-panel samples. The results confirm a crowding-in effect which shows that foreign direct investment promotes private investment on all three research samples. Besides, the lagged private investment has a positive and significant effect on itself in the next period which reflects the inertia in the trend of private investment in recipient countries. In the full-panel sample, there are some macro factors such as GDP per capita, trade openness, and electricity that also have a positive and statistically significant impact on private investment. Besides, when more deeply estimate with smaller samples, we find that trade openness and labour force have a positive and significant in Africa, on the other hand, not in Asia. However, the domestic credit variable has a negative and significant effect on private investment only in Asian developing countries. Furthermore, there is only a positive and significant impact of the electricity variable on private investment in Asia.

The research aims to examine the impact of leadership style on accountants’ commitment with FDI firms in Vietnam based on theory of Bass and Avolio (2004). A survey with 110 accountants in FDI firms was conducted. The total of 110 respondents with full information were used for data entry and analysis. Through quantity methodology, we used Cronbach's Alpha, EFA and correlation analysis to determine the relationship between leadership style and three dependent variables including affective, normative and continuance commitment. The results showed that the leadership style had positive relationships with accountants’ commitments. In particular, normative commitment with FDI firms of accountants is the most strongest. In addition, there is no statistically difference in the level of three commitments with FDI firms of accountants for three groups of job description. From the findings, this study suggests several recommendations to improve accountants’ commitments such as intellectually stimulating, individualized consideration, inspirational motivation, idealized influence, and idealized influence behavior. The results are considered as a useful reference for establishing policies to attract talent personnel toward to sustainable development of firms. Commitment with the organization is a crucial factor to gain a competitive advantage and guide the success of organizations by satisfying customers, maintaining productivity and efficiency.

The study aims to assess the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade (export and import) on Vietnam's economic growth for the 2000-2018 period. Secondary data is taken from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam. Ordinary least-square method is used in analyzing the impact of FDI, export and import on economic growth of Vietnam. Empirical test results show that FDI and international trade are related to Vietnam's economic growth. However, each economic variable has a different impact. FDI has a positive and statistically significant influence on economic growth of Vietnam. Export also has positive and statistically significant impact to the economic growth, while import has a negative but not statistically significant effect. The result is useful for the policy makers of Vietnam on foreign economic relations. In order to improve the effect of FDI and international trade on growth of the economy, the government of Vietnam should: (1) continue applying preferential policies to attract FDI; (2) select foreign investors aiming to quality, efficiency, high technology and environmental protection; (3) continue pursuing export-oriented policy; (4) enhance the added value of exported goods and control the type of imported goods; (5) further liberalize trade through signing and implementation of international trade commitments.

This paper mainly analyzes the main factors influencing South Korea's FDI to China from two aspects: South Korea and China. The analysis shows that China's GDP growth has a negative impact on FDI from South Korea, while South Korea's GDP growth has a huge positive impact on FDI to China. South Korea's exports to China play a positive role in promoting FDI to China, while China's exports to the world also drive South Korea's FDI to China. As can be seen from the interest observation variable PPI cited, the increase of PPI has a negative impact on FDI from South Korea to China, especially on small and medium-sized enterprises. The exchange rate change has a much more significant impact on large enterprises than on small and medium-sized enterprises, but the impact is not high compared with other variables. The depreciation of the Korean currency against the RMB will be detrimental to South Korea's FDI to China.

중국 물류산업의 세계 경쟁력이 아직 낮은 수준에 머물고 있는 상황에서 물류산업 FDI에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석하고 물류산업 FDI 유치를 통해 외국투자기업의 선진기술과 성숙된 관리시스템을 중국 현지 물류기업에 도입하고 중국내 효율적인 물류망을 구축하여 중국 물류산업의 발전 및 경제성장에 큰 의미가 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 중국 물류산업 FDI의 현황에 대해 검토한 후 실증분석을 통해 중국 물류 산업 FDI에 영향을 미치는 핵심요인을 살펴보았다. 실증분석 결과 중국 각 성의 경제발전과 제조업 FDI 유입, 물류산업에 대한 고정자산투자 및 물류 산업 인프라의 구축은 물류 산업 FDI의 유입에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있다. 또한, 임금변수는 제조업과 달리 중국에 대한 물류산업의 FDI에는 영향을 미치고 있지 않은 특징을 나타냈다. 그러므로 중국의 경제발전을 촉진시키고 제조업에 대한 FDI를 적극 유인해야 하며 적극적으로 물류산업의 인프라를 구축하는 것이 중요하다. 또한 물류산업에 대한 고정자산투자를 늘려야 중국 물류산업 외국인직접 투자를 촉진시킬 수 있다.

최근 중국 내 경영환경 급변으로 인한 새로운 환경 하에서 한국기업의 중국시장에 진출 현황을 분석하고 한국기업의 대중국 직접투자에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 확인하여 대중국 직접투자 건수로 종속변수를 설정하였으며 독립변수는 시장규모, 환율, 임금수준, 물가의 4개 주요요인을 사용하였다. 통계패키지는 SPSS20를 이용하여 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과에 따라 시장규모, 환율의 변수들이 주로 예상된 부호를 가지고 해외직접투자에 정(+)의 효과를 나타냈을 뿐만 아니라 매우 유의성이 있는 변수로 추정되었다. 이러한 결과는 시장규모, 환율이 클 수 록 한국의 대중국 직접투자가 증가하게 된 것으로 판단할 수 있다. 물가, 임금은 예상대로 부(-)의 부호를 나타냈으며 물가와 임금수준의 낮을 수록 한국기업의 대중국 직접투자가 증가해 보 였다는 결론이 나타냈다.

본 논문에서 한국 해외직접투자 정책의 발전과정, 한국 중소기업의 해외직접투자 현황과 특징을 살펴본 결과, 한국중소기업 해외직접투자의 특성도 세계경제 환경의 변화에 맞춰 많이 변해 가고 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 즉, 투자업종의 중심이 과거의 제조업에서 금융, 보험, 부동산업을 비롯한 서비스업으로 전환하는 추세를 나타내고 있으며 투자목적도 과거의 저임활용과 수출촉진에서 현지시장 진출으로 전환하고 있고 이에 맞춰 투자지역도 생산요소가 저렴한 아시아지역에 대한 편중에서 소비 시장규모가 큰 북미, 유럽 등 지역으로 확산하고 있는 것이다. 이러한 실태분석을 통해 나타난 한국중소기업의 해외직접투자의 독점적 우위요소의 부재, 투자지 역 편중, 전문인력 부족, 투자준비 부족, 기업경영의 현지화 부족 등 문제점들이 도출되었다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 비교우위 요소 확보, 투자지역의 다양화, 조사연구 및 정보체제 강화, 현지화 추진, 투자방법의 다양화 등 투자활성화방안을 제시하였다.

1980년대 이후 한국 중소기업의 해외직접투자가 급속히 증가해 왔고 이는 한국 산업구조 조정, 기 업자체의 경쟁력 등의 원인도 있지만 한국 정부의 적극적인 지원도 무시할 수 없다. 한국기업의 해외 투자 역량제고와 관련된 정부지원제도의 내용은 크게 정보, 상담 및 컨설팅의 제공, 해외투자관련 전 문인력의 양성, 금융 및 세제 등의 지원 등 세 가지 분야로 구분할 수 있다. 이러한 체계적이고 효율 적인 지원제도는 중국정부의 중소기업 해외진출 지원제도의 수립에 있어서 많은 시사점을 줄 수 있 다.

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays a vital role in economic growth of the countries. The present study analyses the impact of the FDI on economic growth of South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation countries by using the pooled data for the period 1990-2014. Neo-classical production function has been used for analysis and getting stock-to-flow estimation, Taylor series approximation has applied. Fixed Effects Model has been used to investigate the impact of FDI, domestic capital, labour and government expenditures on economic growth. It is the evident from the results that both domestic investment and FDI have been a positive effect on economic growth. The study finds that the contribution of domestic private investment is more trustworthy than the contribution of FDI. Consequently, FDI loses its attraction as an engine of growth if the adverse balance of payment consequence of the resulting profit repatriating is also taken into account. The labour has positive and significant association with GDP. The effect of government expenditure is negligible on economic growth. The findings suggest that growth strategy cannot yield the long term benefits if it neglects investments on human capital.

한국의 대 중국 투자는 지리적, 역사적, 문화적으로의 관계가 있기 때문에 대 중국 투자가 매우 활발한 편이다. 한국 기업들의 대 중국 업종별 직접투자를 살펴보면 노동집 약적인 업종에 집중되었다는 점이다. 노동집약적 업종에 집중된 원인은 두 가지가 있다. 첫 번째는 한국 기업들의 대 중국 투자진출이 대부분 생산효율추구 요인 즉, 중국의 값 싸고 풍부한 노동력을 활용하여 생산한 뒤 제3국 혹은 한국으로 수출하려는 목적에 의해 결정되었기 때문이며, 두 번째로는 그 동안 중국정부가 비제조업 부문, 특히 서비스 부 문과 같은 3차 산업에 대한 외국인 직접투자를 제한한 정책 또한 이러한 현상의 중요한 원인으로 작용한 것으로 보인다. 그러나 이러한 추세가 시간이 흐를수록 제조업의 투자 가 줄어들고 상대적으로 3차 산업의 비중이 늘어나는 추세로 변화되고 있다. 결과는 두 산업에 대한 투자의 결정요인은 차이점이 있다. 시장규모의 변수는 제조업 투자와 기대한 계수의 부호와 같이 정(+)의 관계가 나타나지만 서비스업에 대한 투자는 부(-)의 관계가 있는 것으로 나타낸다. DIR는 제조업에서는 통계적으로 유이하지 않지만 제조업에서는 통계적으로 정(+)의 관계가 나타났다. 환율의 변수를 보면 제조업에서 통 계적으로 정(+)의 관계가 나타나지만 서비스업은 통계적으로 유의수준에서 부(-)의 관계 가 나타났다.

The relationship between international trade and foreign direct investment has been become one of the most important issues among scholars’ researches. The majority of scholars made promoting effects of foreign direct investment in the export trade as their main research content, which focused on the relationship between foreign direct investment and trade effects in the host country to verify alternative or complementary effects. Recently, they have begun to regard the home country as the research object, with the latest trade gravity model to study the FDI’s effect in the home country’s import and export trade. This paper elaborates the theory of Chinese foreign direct investment and trade effects, which highlights China’s foreign direct investment of trade effects, influencing factors of these effects and their path mechanism. Followed by the performance of the gravity model, empirical test comes that the external direct investment contributes to trade creation and regional differences, and put forward policy suggestions accordingly.

With the deepening of the reform and opening up, Chinese export structure is getting better step by step. Economic and trade also get a sustained and rapid development and present a trend of globalization, information, marketization and integration. The increase of the foreign commercial enterprise promotes the export of China. The development of foreign direct investment, the rise of multinational corporations, the proportion of intra-industry trade and the deepening of international division of labor also attract widespread attention for the relationship between the direct investment and trade. However, it is obviously necessary to do the theoretical research and empirical analysis to accurately assess the positive effects brought by the trade of foreign direct investment. About the foreign direct investment how to impact China's trade structure is subject to our objective evaluation which is based on China's import and export trade statistics. Therefore, this article starts from the angle of the investigation of the present status of the export trade in China by comparing the domestic and foreign research status quo of foreign direct investment crude foreign direct investment on China's export trade structure optimization, the influence of the empirical analysis of FDI to our country export trade structure optimization, and based on this, advances the effectiveness of the optimization of the structure of export trade in our country's policy and the suggestion.

한·중 수교 전에 양국 간 교역은 홍콩을 경유한 간접교역 형태로 이루어져서 양국 간 교역액은 미미하였다. 1992년 8월 24일에는 한·중 수교가 이루어지면서 한국이 대중국 해외직접투자를 시작했다. 그리고 중국정부의 적극적인 외국인직접 투자 유치정책, 중국시장의 잠재력과 지리적 근접성, 조선족 노동력 활용의 용이성, 양국경제의 상호 보완성 등이 복합적으로 작용하여 중국은 한국기업이 가장선호하는 투자대상국이 되었다. 한국은 대중국직접투자의 산업별의 효과에 대해서는 지금까지 많은 논의가 있어서 본 연구는 중국의 1998-2011년 데이터를 이용하여 한국의 대중국직접투자와 지역별로 수출입에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 시사점을 찾아보고자 한다. 분석의 결과는 한국 대중국 외국인직접투자가 동부지역은 FDI의 유입이 중국 대한국의 수출입의 영향을 중·서부보다 효과가 크게 나타나다. 이러한 이유는 한국대중국 외국인직접투자가 동부 연해지역에 집중되기 때문이고 반면에 중·서부지역은 동부지역에 비해 중·서부지역의 경우 투자 환경 및 기반시설이 미비하여 외국인직접투자가 미미하다.