Bongsu(Beacon Fire Station) is a facility that sends signals with fire and smoke and has been used in Korea since the Three Kingdoms period. This facility was installed to know the north and south crises. This trend continues until the Joseon Dynasty, and it has been somewhat completed in the 17th century. In previous studies, beacon fire was identified mainly from the border area to Hanyang. Based on this, it was classified into Gyeongbongsu, Yeonbyeonbongsu, and Naejibongsu. However, it is difficult to define the characteristics of beacon fire in coastal areas only with this classification. In the case of beacon fire in island areas, there was a tendency to value communication connection within the region rather than connection with the capital. As a case analysis for this, an academic review was conducted with the cases of Ganghwa Island and Jeju Island. As a result, it was confirmed that the role and character of the beacon vary depending on the defense system and the physical distance from the land, even if it has the topographical commonality of the same island.

In the event of an outbreak of fire in an underground subway station, the speed of movement slows down as many people try to evacuate at once and bottlenecks might begin to occur in some locations, potentially resulting in catastrophic accidents. This study aims to analyze egress routes depending on, among other factors that influence evacuation in the event of an outbreak of fire, the characteristics of occupants and the initial points of fire using the GongEgress simulation program. The simulation result shows that the evacuation time of the vulnerable users is found to take 18% longer than that of ordinary people, and the transfer passageways have lower survival probability compared to that of the platforms. Through the analysis of the results, the structural features of the underground subway station and the points of fire are proved to be the major factors that determine the survival probability of the occupants. Therefore, safety training for passengers through conducting fire drills at the station or fire accident simulations can be established in the evacuation route and plan for reaction at the station or fire accident simulations. Key Words : Underground subway station, Fire accident simulations, Evacuation route, Vulnerable users, Transfer station

The purpose of this study is to make sure what the stress causes of women's EMTs within the firehouse are, and is to suggest ideas (plans) that are possible to resolve this problem. The reasons are because of difficulties such as not only the overwork at one's tasks, the uncomfortable working environment and circumstances, women's pregnancy, but also shift work or the shift system. It's own ideas about the way to resolve these difficulties are as follows: a separate operation of first-aid department, environmental improvement within a fire house (fire station) via remodeling, activation of substitute man power, alterating women's EMT services into daywork system, mutual encouragement and solicitude among co-workers, reinforcement of the number of the working force to be mobilized, and adoption about the rest year system in employment.

This Study is to suggest a method of effect evaluation of forest fire on governor station in shrub land. Theoretically, to evaluate effects of forest fire, it is combined that Spread Rate of Forest Fire, Flame Model, and Thermal Radiation Effects Model; i.e. a travel time of forest fire is calculated by Spread Rate of Forest Fire, fire-line intensity is calculated by Flame Model, and effects of fire-line intensity is affected by Thermal Radiation Effects Model. With the aforementioned method, we could carry out the effect evaluation of forest fire on governor station in shrub land and could distinguish scenarios to need protection plan from all scenarios.