There has been a tectonic shift in the trade relationship between the United States (US) and China. This can be seen in the passage of new US legislation, recent US trade restrictions on exports and investment transactions with China, and worsening US relations with the World Trade Organization (WTO), particularly with its dispute resolution system. The Trump administration initiated a haphazard tariff and trade war with China, reversing decades of US trade policy pursuant to its long-standing stances of supporting free trade. To the dismay of many in the trade community within the US and globally, the trade actions by President Trump have been significantly extended and broadened by the Biden administration in its first two years, despite the expectation that it would reverse many of Trump’s policies. In this article, I present seven observations concerning President Trump’s and President Biden’s trade policies.

이 논문의 목적은 ‘방위산업의 침해에 대한 보호’ 라는 관점에서 대내외 적인 방산안보 환경을 분석하고 방산안보정책을 검토하는데 있다. 첨단 분야의 기술을 바탕으로 나날이 발전하고 있는 방위산업 분야의 기술발 전이 새로운 국제안보 정보 환경을 초래하고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 방위산 업 침해와 관련한 보호정책은 주로 ’기술탈취‘에 대한 보호에 중점을 두 고 있다. 국가전략 사업의 일환으로 발돋움하고 있는 방위산업이 국가안 보 및 국가경제에 미치는 막대한 영향을 고려할 때, 안보전략적 관점의 방산안보정책 검토가 필요하다. 따라서 방산안보정책의 방향이 방산기술 의 보호는 물론 북한, 외국기업, 외국인, 외국 정보기관 등의 부당한 활 동을 견제, 차단, 방어하기 위한 방산방첩 차원의 역량 강화에 관심이 제 고되고 있다. 이러한 점에 착안하여 방산침해와 관련한 방산안보정책을 검토하고 향후 방산방첩 차원의 방산안보정책 모색에 주안점을 두었다.

Recently, the advancement of information and communication technology(ICT) is expanding the connectivity through Internet of Things(IoT), and the media of connection is also expanding from wire/cable transmission to broadband wireless communication, which has significantly improved mobility. This hyperconnectivity has become a key element of the fourth industrial revolution, whereas the supervisory control network of purification plants in korea is operated as a communication network separated from the outside, thereby lagging in terms of connectivity. This is considered the best way to ensure security, and thus there is hardly any consideration of establishing alternatives to operate an efficient and stable communication network. Moreover, security for management of a commercialized communication network and network management solution may be accompanied by immense costs, making it more difficult to make new attempts. Therefore, to improve the conditions for the current supervisory control network of purification plants, this study developed a industrial security L2 switch that supports modbus TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) communication and encryption function of the transmission section. As a result, the communication security performance improved significantly, and the cost for implementing the network management system using Historical Trend and information of HMI(Human Machine Interface) could be reduced by approximately KRW 200 million. The results of this study may be applied to systems for gas, electricity and social safety nets that are infrastructure communication networks that are similar to purification plants.

The purpose of this study is, by recognizing that recently, as crimes using information and various adverse-effect phenomena such as hacking and virus occur frequently with rapid development of information network such as Internet in every field of industry, the range of security is widening to the field of industrial areas for preventing the leaking of industrial technology and protecting that technology as well as information security only limited to IT area, and by establishing common concept about industrial security through education on the industrial security at the point of increasing importance of industrial security, to prepare the base of comprehensive risk management system for protecting company's assets (physical factor, technical factor and managerial factor) safely from the random threats or attacks inside and outside the company through assessment of important assets of the company, evaluation of threats and weak points, and risk assessment by building industrial security management system in order to protect company's information assets and resources which are connected to the existence of the company safely from the threats or attacks from inside or outside the company and to spread stable business activities.