In this paper, we investigate to determine quality characteristics, fatty acid composition and cytotoxic effect of extracts and fractions from whole Lycopus lucidus Turcz. roots. Additionally, we evaluated cytotoxic activity against the growth of human fibrosarcoma cells (HT-1080) and human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS), human colon cancer cell (HT-29) lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Acetone+methylene chloride (A+M) and methanol (MeOH) extracts from L. lucidus Turcz. were obtained through solvent extraction. Then we further fractionated both extracts with n-hexane, 85% aq. MeOH, n-butanol (n-BuOH) and water. In fatty acid composition, L. lucidus Turcz. contained 33.2% of 18:1n-9 and 1.81% of 18:3n-3, respectively. The incorporation of treatment with A+M and MeOH extracts and n-hexane, 85% aq. MeOH, n-butanol (n-BuOH) and water fractions dose-dependently increased cytotoxicity against the growth of HT-1080 and AGS, HT-29 cancer cells (p<0.05). The A+M extract had a higher inhibitory effect on the growth of all cancer cells in comparison to MeOH extract. Among the fractions, the 85% aq. MeOH and n-hexane fractions showed a higher inhibitory effect after proliferating the three cancer cells. These results suggest that the 85% aq. MeOH and n-hexane fractions have a potential to inhibit the growth of human cancer cell lines.

Proximate analysis and antioxidant activity of cultivated wild Panax ginseng (CWPG) were investigated to provide fundamental information of CWPG with different ages and to increase its industrial application. Proximate analyses of CWPG with different ages were performed. Extraction of CWPG with different ages was carried out using heatreflux extraction, and their extraction yield, crude saponin content, ginsenoside content, and antioxidant activity were analyzed. Moisture content decreased, but crude fat and crude protein were increased with aging. Extraction yield and crude saponin contents did not show a specific pattern while 5-year-old CWPG revealed the highest extraction yield and crude saponin content. All CWPGs showed typical ginsenoside profiles containing C-K and Rh2 ginsenosides, which are not found in ginseng. The 3-year-old CWPG showed the highest antioxidant activity including total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. Moreover, 3-year-old CWPG also revealed the highest acidic polysaccharide content. Therefore, these results suggested that 3-year-old CWPG, which is the cheapest, can be used in industrial application due to its high antioxidant activity and acidic polysaccharide content with similar ginsenoside profile compared to 5- and 7-year-old CWPGs.

In this study, the proximate composition of Pyropia dentata was compared by the analysis of minerals and amino acids that were produced at Seocheon, Chungcheongnam-do and at Wando and Jangheung, Jeollanam-do. Moisture, ash and crude proteins were analyzed using the AOAC method, and crude lipid was analyzed using the Soxhlet method, and inorganic analysis was performed using ICP-OES. Amino acid was used for the amino acid analyzer. The proximate composition analysis, moisture content, maximum values were displayed in Wando while the maximum content of ash appeared at Jangheung's Pyropia. Crude proteins was appeared at Seocheon's Pyropia and the maximum amount of crude lipid, carbohydrate was appeared in Wando's Pyropia. Inorganic analysis, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc were analyzed from the Seocheon's Pyropia, however, cobalt, chromium, and nickel was not detected in Wando's Pyropia. For amino acid analysis, a total of 17 amino acids were detected: leucine, valine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and the amount of alanine accounted for about 57 % of total amino acids(26.1-28.7 %). The proximate composition, minerals, and amino acid of Pyropia dentata were different depending on the coastal ecological habitats.

잣버섯의 조회분은 6.3%, 조단백은 19.1%, 조지방은1.9%, 조섬유는 8.9%로 나타났다. 잣버섯 및 송이버섯,느타리버섯의 향기성분을 SPME로 분석한 결과 잣버섯의경우 휘발성향기화합물 중 3-Octanone, 3-Octanol 및 1-Octanol이 있었고, 송이버섯은 1-Octen-3-ol이 있었으며,느타리버섯은 1-Octene이 존재하였다. 잣버섯의 에르고스테롤 함량은 145.9ppm로 느타리버섯의 43.3ppm에 비해3배 이상 함유되어 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

In this study proximate analysis method was applied to food waste, mold, sewage sludge, PKS, PET in considering the characteristics of individual waste. It has been observed that this proximate analysis method based on the characteristics of individual waste required to dry the waste for more than 6 hr, until the moisture contents reached the range of 105oC ~ 110oC and they reached the constant weight. Also it has been suggested that 7 min of ignition at 950oC for volatile matters and 2 ~ 3 hr of ignition at max. 815oC for ash were recommended.

In this study proximate analysis method was applied to food waste, mold, sewage sludge, PKS, PET in considering the characteristics of individual waste. It has been observed that this proximate analysis method based on the characteristics of individual waste required to dry the waste for more than 180 min, until the moisture contents reached the range of 105oC ~ 110oC and they reached the constant weight. Also it has been suggested that 7 min of ignition at 950oC for volatile matters and 120 ~ 180 min of ignition at max. 815oC for ash were recommended.