이화명충의 유충, 번데기, 성충에 gamma ray를 조사하여 웅성불임기술에 관한 자료를 얻기위한 실험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 번데기의 성비는 암컷 2,903에 대해 숫컷은 2,924이었다. 2) 번데기의 은 암컷이 26KR, 숫컷이 26.7KR이었다. 3) 처리한 숫컷성충과 교미한 암컷의 평균 산란수는 고선량일수록 감소하며 난괴수는 증가하였다. 4) 숫컷의 은 23KR이었으며 30KR 이상에서는 거이 불임이 유기되었다. 5) 웅성불임을 유기 시키기 위하여 방사선을 조사시키는 시기는 번데기 시기가(3-6일령) 가장 적합하다고 본다
The work on the 'Studies of radiosensitivity' in Korea has been initiated since 1959 by the author at various institutions in home and foreign countries, and more than 20000 of plant materials in 73 varieties and 41 kinds are treated under varied conditions for the studies of radiosensitivity in plants. However, a study of the susceptibility to radiation in insect pests as well as their biological effects has not been previously reported in this country. During the year of 1964 and 1965, near 50000 of insects at the stages of adult, egg, larva and pupa in 14 different kinds are irradiated under acute X and gamma rays to investigate the behavior of growth and lethality after irradiation, and thrir general tolerances to radiations are compared by the kind of insects, stage of growth, radiation sources and exposured dosages. Through the experiments, it is shown that the lethality in most of insects are high as several kilo roentgens above and no significant effects on pupation. emergence, and oviposition in the treated generation at the dose of 3 Kr. below, but in the following generation , the rice stem borer for instance, no oviposition or decreased laying is observed from the dosages at 3 Kr. to 1 Kr., and the hatching was possible from 1.5 Kr. below of irradiated larvae although laying and hatching are seemed in normal. In general, the lethal dose of tested infect materials at the larval stage can he classified some what 60-80 Kr. for Pine caterpillar, Fall webworm, Camphor silk moth and their relatives, at 40-60 Kr. for Gypsy moth, Monley prominent and some relatives and at 20-30 Kr. for House fly, Rice weevil, Pine sawfly etc. Plant parasitic nematodes such as Hirschmannia and Paratylenchus shown very high resistance to radiation and the LD-50 is observed from 100 Kr. or above. A concept to evaluate the radiosensitivity in insects by taxological family line as a practical measure is not answerable yet, but it ran he solved within the near future through the continuing experiments.
Gamma irradiation has been used as a tool for plant mutation breeding to select new cultivar with improved characteristics. Generally, the irradiation of seeds with high doses of gamma rays disturbs the synthesis of protein, hormone balance, and enzyme activity. And also, high dose of gamma rays to reduce plant height, number of tiller, and root length, although the effect of gamma-irradiated plants may depend on the species and cultivar or stress conditions. Biological effects of radiations can be divided into two types according to dose range and periods of exposure. Acute irradiation represents exposure to high-dose of irradiation over short period time, whereas the chronic irradiation is comprised of exposure to low doses of radiation over extended period of time. To compare the effects of acute and chronic exposure to ionizing radiation on two wheat cultivars (K4191 and Geumgangmil), we measured their germination rate, seedling height, and root length. In order to understand the influence of antioxidant-related genes and DNA repair-related genes, we used qRT-PCR methods to identify their expression levels. To study the behavior of a radiation-induced free radical, gamma-irradiated seeds were used for ESR spectroscopy. Plant growth pattern was showed positive correlation with ESR results. This study indicates that low level chronic radiation exposure is even more serious effects than short doses of high level radiation according to different wheat cultivar.
대두의 돌연변이육종을 함에 있어서 돌연변이기의 효율적인 선발법을 확립하기 위하여 M1세대의 초장 및 주당종자수와 M2세대의 돌연변이 출현과의 관계 그리고 M1 식물체의 키메라에 대해 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 30kR의 감마선을 종자에 처리하였을 때 M1초장의 분포는 무처리에 비해 45-68% 감소되는 개체가 전체의 63.7%를 차지하였으며 이 범위에 속하는 집단내에서 엽녹소변이는 71.4%, 가시적 형태변이가 62.3%를 차지하였다. 2. M1주당종자수는 6-15개인 개체가 전체의 58.9%를 차지하였고 이때 엽녹소변이는 55.3%, 가시적 형태변이는 63.4%를 차지하였다. 3. M1 집단에서 초장과 주당종자수는 통계적으로 유의한 정의 상관이 있었다. 4. M1의 초장의 장해가 심하고 주당종자수가 적을 수록 M2에서 가시적 형태변이의 출현율이 높았으며 반대로 엽녹소변이는 초장장해가 적고 주당종자수가 많을수록 변이출현율이 높은 경향이었다. 5. 변이가 일어난 M2 family의 변이의 sector 크기는 M1주당종자수 적을수록 크게 나타났다. 6. 엽녹소변이를 대상으로 M1식물체의 꼬투리별로 돌연변이의 출리양상을 보면 식물체의 부위별로 일정한 경향이 없이 임의로 발생하였다. 7. 대두의 돌연변이육종을 효율적으로 수행하기 위해서는 종자에 고선량의 방사선을 처리할 것과 M1의 주당종자수가 적은 개체를 수확하여 M2에서 집단으로 양성할 것을 추천한다.