본 연구는 농촌경관유형의 분류를 위한 새로운 분석의 틀을 설정하고 각 유형별 대표경관요소를 파악함으로써 농촌경관자원의 효율적 활용과 보존을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. 농촌경관유형 분석의 틀은 3개 대분류, 9개 중분류, 71개 경관요소로 세분류하였으며 이를 기준으로 5년 동안 농촌어메니티 100선에 선정된 500개의 농촌경관사진을 분석하였다. 대분류에서는 자연경관, 생활경관과 생산경관이 유사한 비율로 나타났으며 첫 해에 비하여 마지막 해에는 자연 경관이 감소하였고 생산경관은 약간 증가하였으며 생활경관은 상대적으로 대폭 증가하였다. 중분류에서는 자연경관은 수경관, 생산경관은 경작지경관, 생활경관은 역사문화경관이 대표적인 경관으로 인식되고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 세분류에서 대표경관요소는 산림경관은 숲, 수경관은 하천, 지형경관은 기암괴석과 특이지형, 경작지경관은 논, 생산시설경관은 저수지, 주거경관 은 마을, 가로경관은 담장, 역사문화경관은 노거수였다. 조망거리를 분석하면 근경이 과반수 정도로 가장 많았고 중경, 원경 순이었으며 자연경관에서는 원경, 생산경관에서는 근경, 생활경관에서는 중경이 타 경관유형에 비해 비교적 높은 비중을 차지하였다. 계절별로는 여름이 가장 많았고 가을, 봄, 겨울 순으로 모든 경관유형에서 여름이 가장 높았다.

이 연구에서는 2013년 경남 농촌현장포럼 마을들을 대상으로 색깔마을 유형과 농촌어메니티자원에 따 라 마을유형을 분류하고 농촌현장포럼 효과를 분석하여 활성화 방안을 제시하였다. 마을유형별 현장포 럼 효과 분석 결과를 토대로 색깔마을 1유형과 하위 30% 마을은 기초인프라와 주민역량강화형, 색깔마 을 2유형과 중위 40% 마을은 체험관광과 2차 산업화형, 색깔마을 3유형과 상위 30% 마을은 체험관광 과 6차 산업화형으로 재유형화 하였다. 또한, 설정된 유형에 따라 앞으로 농촌현장포럼과 마을발전방향 등을 제시하였다.

본 연구는 농촌 활성화를 위한 국가 지원 사업 중 농촌 마을 종합 개발 사업을 대상으로 하였다. 기본계획 수립을 통해 실행되고 있는 권역의 사업내용에 대한 지역별, 연도별 분류를 통해 사업 내용을 분석함으로써 진행된 사업의 내용 및 자원현황을 파악하고 사업내용에 따른 어메니티 자원 활용 정도에 대한 연구를 실시하였다. 농촌마을종합개발사업의 어메니티 자원 활용도 분석을 위하여 7년간(2005~2011) 229개 권역의 사업특성과 자원현황에 대한 내용분석(Contents Analysis)을 실시하였다. 전체 사업은 Excel로 권역명과 사업유형, 세부사업 등 229개 권역의 전수조사를 통해 코딩하는 과정을 거쳤다. 이러한 과정을 거쳐 7개년도의 사업내용과 지역별 사업내용 등 보다 세부적인 분류를 시도하였다. 연구 결과, 전체적인 권역의 시설물자원이 가장 많이 활용되고 있지만 전체적으로 환경관리와 관련된 자원의 활용도는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 연도별 사업을 통한 어메니티 자원 활용에 대한 변화 추이를 살펴보면 환경관리 자원, 동식물 자원, 수자원을 활용한 사업은 지속적으로 감소하고 있는 것으로 나타나고 있었다. 지역별 사업을 통한 어메니티 자원 활용에 대한 변화 추이를 살펴보면 전라북도와 경상북도에서 가장 높은 비율을 나타내고 있었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 특정한 자원에 집중되어 활용되고 있는 어메니티 자원에 대한 다양한 활용의 필요성이 나타나고 있었고 특히 농촌의 지속가능한 개발을 위한 환경관리에 대한 자원 활용이 요구되어야 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

90년대 후반 이후 농촌관광에 대한 수요와 관심이 높아지면서 농촌관광과 연관된 연구가 다방면으로 증가하게 되었고 이 가운데 농촌관광자원의 유형을 구분하는 연구도 늘어나게 되었다. 어느 분야를 막론하고 대상 자체의 유형을 구분하는연구는 해당 주제에 대한 체계적인 이해를 돕기 위한 초석을 만드는데 크게 기여해왔다. 농촌관광자원의 유형을 구분하는연구는 꾸준히 진행되어왔지만 소비자들의 직접적인 의견이 반영되지 않은 채 전문가적 관점이나 통계적 유사성에 의거하여분류되어왔던 것이 사실이다. 이러한 배경 하에 본 연구는 실제 관광자원을 이용하는 이용자 중심의 시각에서 체험 중심의 농촌관광자원의 유형을 분류하였다. 이를 위하여 농촌어메니티자원 DB를 기초자료로 활용하여 마을별 관광자원을 수집하고카드 분류법(card sorting test)을 실시하였다. 카드 분류법의 피조사자는 농촌관광의 경험이 있는 대학생 32명을 선정하여진행되었으며 최종적으로 전문가 설문을 통하여 농촌자원유형 분류를 검증하였다. 조사 결과 상위 항목에서는 ‘체험하기’,‘지역향토음식 먹기/만들기’, ‘숙박하기’, ‘주변관광/경관감상’, ‘레져 즐기기’, ‘예술활동하기’의 6가지 유형으로 분류되었다.하위항목에서는 상위항목의 ‘체험하기’에서만 분리되는 특징을 보였으며 ‘지역자원활용체험’, ‘자연체험’, ‘전통체험’, ‘수확/채집체험’의 4가지 유형으로 분류되는 특징을 보였다. 본 연구는 농촌관광을 하는 관광자들의 만족도 제고와 관광자원에 대한이해도를 높이기 위하여 실시되었으며 본 연구 결과를 통하여 도출된 농촌관광자원 유형 분류는 농촌관광자원 및 지역자원을소개하기 위한 홍보자료 및 웹, 앱 메뉴 설정 등에 이용되는 등 향후 활용성이 높을 것으로 기대한다.

최근 4대강 살리기 사업으로 강변에 인접한 농촌마을의 관광개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 하지만 농촌마을 계획에 있어서 자연 ․ 생태 및 역사 ․ 문화에 대한 전문적인 고려 없이 현대적인 정비가 성행하고 있어 우수한 농촌 어메니티자원의 질을 저해하는 경우가 발생하고 있다. 농촌 어메니티 자원의 발굴 및 개발은 주민들의 삶의 질 향상과 농촌산업 경쟁력 강화를 위한 농촌관광 활성화 방안 마련의 기본단계로 수변 농촌마을 공간계획에서도 수변 마을의 환경적요인을 고려한 농촌 어메니티 자원의 활용방안에 대한 전략적인 접근방법이 필요하다.이에 따라 본 연구에서는 수변에 인접한 농촌마을을 대상으로 농촌 어메니티 자원의 활용성을 높이기 위한 공간계획대상지 선택 전략을 수립하였으며 선정된 대상지의 공간계획은 Porter의 지역클러스터 경쟁력 모형 전략을 바탕으로 수행되었다.공간계획 대상지는 영산강에 인접한 나주시 다시면 회진리로 선정되었으며 Poter의 지역클러스터 경쟁력 모형 분석결과 도출된 공간계획 방향인 ‘자연 및 역사 문화 감상을 위한 농촌관광 마을’을 바탕으로 수변공간, 자연 ․ 생태공간,역사 ․ 문화공간으로 구분하여 계획하였다. 각 공간은 농촌 어메니티 자원과 관련하여 나루터, 습지식물원, 천연문화염색관등 다양한 프로그램을 제공한다.이와 같은 농촌 수변 마을 공간계획을 위한 일련의 과정들을 통해 농촌 지역 개발을 활성화 시킬 뿐만 아니라,공간계획 시 농촌마을이 보유하고 있는 어메니티 자원을 적극적으로 활용하여 지속가능한 개발이 이루어질 수 있는가능성을 보여주고 있다.

농촌경관은 자연경관과 문화경관을 대표한다. 문명화된 세계에서 진정한 자연경관은 찾아보기 힘들며 유럽과 아시아 지역에서도 적은 지역에만 존재한다. 가장 오래된 대표적인 경관은 사람들이 경제, 생산의 가치 뿐 아니라 미적 자원으로서토지에 대해 가지고 있는 가치가 무엇인지를 보여준다.최근까지도, 전세계적으로 토지의 농업생산성은 다른 어떤 것(미와 휴양, 회복의 가치 등) 보다도 주요한 관심사였으나이제 세계 인구의 50% 이상이 도시에 살고 있는 상황에서 농촌경관이 지닌 가치들은 상실될 위기에 처해졌다. 동시에,우리가 공공영역을 관리하고 개발하는 방법은 점점 더 명확한 과학적 근거를 바탕으로 하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 어떠한목적의 보호구역을 설정하는 데 있어 경제적, 생태적 생산성과 지속가능성 등의 생태적 효과의 평가에 크게 의지한다.이러한 평가는 기후변화와 자원의 추출 등의 영향에 대한 효과를 고려하는데는 적합하나, 체계적인 계획을 수립하는데가장 큰 방해가 되는 문화적, 심리적인 경관의 장소애착을 반영하지는 못한다. 기술적 경관평가와 관리에는 두 가지관점이 있다. 북아메리카, 오스트레일리아, 뉴질랜드에서는 경관평가 기법을 자연경관 가치의 체계적인 평가로부터발전시켜 왔으며 이것은 인간의 개입이 조화롭고 만족스러운 세계에 방해가 되는 것으로 이해하고 있다. 유럽에서의경관은 문화적이고 사람이 체험하는 것으로, 평가에 있어 측정 가능한 가치보다는 문화적 산물과 장소애착의 역할을중요시 여겨 기술적 계획과의 연계가 부족한 단점이 있다. 분석의 필요요소가 어느때보다도 광범위 해졌으며 정치적으로는커뮤니티부터 국가적 차원에 이르기까지 다양하며 민감한 이해집단을 포함해야 하는 상황에서 이 두 가지 관점은 모두현대 계획의 의사결정 환경을 완벽하게 지원하지 못한다. 본 논문에서는 농촌과 자연경관의 평가에 대한 주요 쟁점들을북아메리카와 유럽의 두 가지 관점에서 다루고 한국에서의 현대 농촌계획을 지원하기 위한 적합성에 대해 논의하였으며특히 미국의 주요 국가기관과 Scenic America 등 민간단체, 그리고 European Landscape Convention 의 경관 보호의 목적을 중심으로 다루었다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the entire processes of rural amenity resources survey from the beginning to the end, to discuss the results of the survey and resources information establishment, and to comprehensively analyze the status of resources information application. Rural amenity resources survey, which is aimed at finding rural amenity resources to respond to the demands of the resources and support rural development, was first conducted by National Academy of Agricultural Science under Rural Development Administration in 2005. The first survey subjects were 149 eups and myeons in Korea, expanding to the nationwide rural villages. In 2012, the rural amenity resources survey was completed. Next year, the information establishment was completely made. It is expected that the rural amenity resources information established by the survey will be more applied and used, and that with the constant addition of new analyses in line with the changing environment demands, rural amenity resources will contribute to dynamic rural development.

The Purpose of this study is to analyze of Specialization and Diversity of Rural Amenity Resources Planning. It will be performed analysis of the degree of specialization and diversity in each city and district of Chungcheongnam-do Province. Specialization and diversity indices were calculated by separately category of rural amenity resources into natural, cultural, and societal resources. The results of calculating the specialization degree of rural amenity resources based on a location index showed that eleven regions (Asan City, Buyeo District, Gyeryong City, Gongju City, Nonsan City, Boryeong City, Seocheon District, Seosan City, Seajong District, Cheongyang District and Yesan City) specialized in natural resources; four regions (Geumsan District and Hongseong Distriect) specialized in cultural resources; and six regions (Dangjin District, Cheonan City) specialized in societal resources. Examining resource specialization degrees by regions, there was a high number of regions specialized in natural and societal resources while those specialized in cultural resources were the rarest. Examining the calculation results for the tendency of resource specialization degree by areas showed that, with natural and cultural resources specialized regions, the average specialization degree showed a clear distinction with a 2.19 natural resource specialization degree and a 2.05 societal resource degree; However, in contrast, areas specialized in cultural resources-with an average degree of 1.52-were judged as not being especially more specialized than the average degree of Chungcheongnam-do Province. Also, there was seen a great gap between regions with high diversity and regions with low diversity of rural amenities, and measures to solve this difference is required.

Village community centers are public locations where residential members of communities gather for various group meetings, social support, public information and recreational activities. Since the residents voluntarily operate the facilities, a convenient access to the center is a very important criterion for choosing where such facilities should be distributed throughout the districts. In particular, it is highly desirable to locate them within walking-distances from the residential populations. In this work, we have evaluated the accessibility to the community centers in several rural areas based on the surveys that were collected from year 2005 to 2012. We used the collected rural amenity resource distributions of the area for the evaluating the accessibilities to village center. More specifically, we considered some factors such as residential district and fraction of elderly population in the vicinity.

Rural villages have many problems such as the collapse of rural village communities with continued over-depopulation and aging, reduced functions of towns and villages, deteriorated services with changes in the structure of settlement class and decreased use of the facilities. they also have difficulties in maintenance in spite of the increase of the roles of rural village community facilities. Various plans for the utilization of community facilities to promote the vitality of rural villages and the revitalization of communities have been needed. Thus, this study aimed to offer basic data to seek for future plans to utilize community facilities and reconstruct communities through an analysis of the current uses of energy and community facilities in rural villages. The results indicated that the consumption of petroleum was highest in mountain villages at an average of 187,475 won/month(137ℓ), followed by fishing villages at an average of 144,142 won/month(104ℓ) and rural villages at an average of 126,070 won/month(93ℓ). The rate of utilization of community facilities was reversely highest in rural villages at 84.3%, followed by fishing villages at 61.1% and mountain villages at 40.7%. This research also found that households saved energy when they used community facilities and areas with a high rate of utilization of community facilities at a lower average temperature in winter. It saved approximately 33% energy compared to other areas. Finally, efficient and economical methods for community facilities in villages to be newly developed and the remodeling of existing facilities should been needed in the future to contribute to reconstructing rural village communities that face a crisis of maintenance or abolition.

The aim of the research was to analyze a correlation between rural villages and a space of amenity resources in order to provide objective basic data for rural renewal planning in the future. 15 villages were selected to analyze amenity resources. A Space Syntax Method(SSM) was used to analyze a spacial structure of each village and location characteristics of amenity resources. Finally, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS) was used for a cluster analysis. The results of spacial analysis showed that the MeanDepth of rural villages was 4.482 and Global Integration Value(GInteg) was 0.956. Relatively, a depth was lower and GInteg was higher, compared to other villages. Rural villages were easily recognized and accessible by outsiders, compared to mountain and fishing villages. In the case of rural villages, the MeanDepth of amenity resources was low and GInteg was high in the results of cluster analysis using a nonhierachical method. Results indicated that an access was easy and amenity resources were closely located each other. However, the deviation of each village was great in mountain villages. This research suggests that an effective maintenance of road network for improving accessibility would be given priority in an undeveloped farming and fishing villages' renewal. Especially, using a spacial analysis in village renewal planning process can improve accessibility and maximize an utilization of public facilities and amenity resources.

The demand of rural tourism industry has increased among the urbanites in South Korea, in due to the increase of leisure activity and the emergence of ageing society. Rural amenity resources are gaining various interests, in the value creation and promotion of tourism. In this study, the propensities of city dwellers were separated by life-style classification, and each affinity to the rural amenity resources was examined in accordance with the separation. A questionnaire survey of urbanites in the southern area of Gyeonggi-do, the most populous province in South Korea, was conducted to analyze the preference of city dwellers about rural amenity resource and life-style of themselves. For statistical verification, IBM® SPSS® Statistics 20 software was used for frequency, reliability, factor and multiple regression analysis of this research. The results of the statistical analyses found a noticeable characteristic in life-style classification. The affinities of urbanites can be classified into four congregations of life-style factors in this statistical model. Each congregation of the factors was named as 'Self-development-oriented', 'Leisure-oriented', 'Achievement-oriented', and 'Culture-oriented' life-style, to represent the characteristics for convenience' sake. Among these styles, only 'Self-development-oriented' and 'Achievement-oriented' showed the positive correlation with rural amenity resources in the multiple regression analysis. In addition, the rural amenity resources were also analyzed in accordance with the life-styles classification of urbanites. City dwellers showed the highest interest to the 'natural resource management facility resource' in natural resources, the 'traditional heritage resource' in cultural resources, and the 'community resource' in social resources. Meanwhile, they showed less interest to 'agricultural and scenery resources' in natural resources, 'specialty production resource' in cultural resources, and 'cooperative farming' in social resources. These characteristics can be constructed as meaning that the urbanites who concern self-development and achievement of their lives have high interest in rural amenity resources, and the main interest of them is not 'return-to-the-farm'(歸農) but 'return-to-the-home'(歸村).

Rural policies in Korea have been changed into amenity-oriented ones recently to enhance the quality of life for villigians, which should be supported by the amenity-oriented maintenance system for rural space or environment too. Although so many studies on the classification system of amenity resources had been carried out, few ones which classified them principally by their spatial characteristics had been tried. From the viewpoint mentioned above, this study tried to propose a tentative classification system of amenity resources focussed on their locational characteristics. By the literature review, its draft was prepared, and after 2-round expert checks, the final table determined, which composed of 3-subsystems; green, production and living environment. Through the field application works in two case villages, its practical applicability was ascertained, from which two regarding points were found; public usability of terms and seasonality of amenity resources, especially green ones.

This survey is focused on analyzing amenity resources for the purpose of offering basic sources for balanced development and the activation of sightseeing in Anmyen-island which has superior landscape resources and the result follows as this. 1. As a result of selecting "Amenities characterized in isles" and comparing their applications in order to choose amenity resource surveying method which is suitable for the isle districts where beaches, tidelands, fishing villages and so on are formed, it was considered that the surveying method of the rural amenity resource in the Korean Society of Rural Planning could be properly used. 2. In spite of a variety of amenity resources besides ten beaches, Anmyeon-island has been developed only focused on beaches. Therefore, it is highly recommended to develop new sightseeing courses which connect beaches with adjacent amenity resources such as theme programs. 3. It proved that compared with Anmyeoneup, Gonammyeon has superior landscape resources and higher special product rates, which is caused by the fact that it doesn't have various kinds of amenities. As diverse fish inhabit the sea and tidelands in Gonammyeon, it is beneficial for activating sightseeing tours to develop fishing village experiencing programs including going fishing. 4. Anmyen-island can be divided into East district and West distict by the national road no,77 and two districts have different distributional features of sightseeing amenity resources. In the west district, amenity resources such as coastal sightseeing routes, large event halls, and resorts have been activated in addition to fourteen beaches which have already been developed while the amenity resources in the east like fishing villages, tidelands, and salt fields have not been activated. Accordingly, for activating balanced sightseeing development in Amyeon-island, it is required to make plans which can incorporate the east amenity resources of sea sightseeing and the west amenity resources of fishing village experiencing programs. As a way, constructing sightseeing routes connecting the west and the east district or making a detour lane connecting beaches in the west, Anmyeon pine trees in the center, and fishing villages in the east.

As rural landscape is considered important elements of rurality, there are many concerns about management and conservation. Rural development administration have performed rural amenity resources survey project in South Korea from 2005 for verifying states and efficient management of rural amenity. There are some problems about ambiguous definition of rural landscape range and data overlap. In this research, we reviewed rural amenity resources survey focusing rural landscape and analysized elements of 50 complex landscape resources in 2008 rural amenity selection 100. Finally, we suggested landscape viewpoint resource table in place of rural landscape because it can minimize data overlap in survey project.

This study has intended to devise a comprehensive rural planning, driven by residents based on ecological rural amenity paradigm for Busu area, Boeun-gun, South Korea. To reach the goal, this study has performed the following processes. First, we have analyzed the elements of threat, opportunity, weakness, and strength in both inside and outside village through 'SWOT analysis. Second, through strategic analysis and consultation, we have proposed developmental directions of Busu area. Third, based on an ecological rural amenity planning system composed of ecological economy system, ecological environment system, ecological history-culture system, ecological image system, and ecological society system, we have suggested research projects of each system Fourth, we selected projects through a general meeting with all stakeholders. Fifth, the selected projects were applied to Busu area by village residents and experts. Finally, the projects, which were appraised and revised by experts, residents, and governmental officers, were composed of ecological scenic agriculture center, resident's site for city dweller, energy independent village, eco-road, eco-pond, ecological park and parking lot, restoration of traditional culture, zone of ecological scenic agriculture, eco-tunnel, eco-fence, landmark, corporate identity, community center, forum and seminar, and education for residents' empowerment.

21st century has begun as an age of green growth. Development paradigms disregarding environmental sustainability are being changed and henceforth, stronger efforts should be made to discover and utilize green values. With the importance of green values, rural amenity which is in the spotlight as a new channel to change the way people think about depressed agriculture and rural community could be the key to discover green values of rural area. This study is to emphasize rural amenity and to rectify prejudiced and distorted contents of agriculture and rural community in agricultural highschool textbooks. By doing this, students of agricultural highschool who will lead agriculture in the future will come to recognize the importance of agriculture and rural area and discovering it's values. This study was done through analysis and development of contents in 39 kinds of textbooks of Agricultural highschool. A content analysis was employed to examine to what extent the contents on agriculture and rural community were reflected in the textbooks of agriculture highschool. And 262 new education contents formulating positive and exact rural amenity concept were developed and 62 of them were included in textbooks.

This study aims to understand the degree of inequality of surveyed amenity resources and identify which resource and region have the highest concentration by estimating Lorenz Curve and the Gini's Coefficient. The Lorenz Curve and Gini's Coefficient derived from economics are introduced as tools for investigating and quantifying regional variability of amenity resources concentration. This study describes the concepts underlying the application of the Gini's coefficient to measure the concentration of amenity resources in 11 regions, Chungbuk Province, Korea. The Lorenz Curve presents a graphical view of the cumulative distribution of amenity resources and the Gini's Coefficient provides a single-parameter measure of the distributional concentration of amenity resources. Also the Gini's Coefficient is compared to the number of amenity resource for understanding distributional difference between concentration and quantitative distribution of amenity resources. The results demonstrate significantly different regional variation according to the amenity variables: almost intact nature, interaction between nature and man, man-made.