The objective of this study was to compare the feeding effects of imported timothy hay, domestic Italian ryegrass silage (IRGS) and IRG dried by hot-air dry system (IRGHDS) under basic total mixed ration (bTMR) on rumination activity, milk production, and milk composition in lactating dairy cows. Eighteen Holstein dairy cows were divided into three groups: control (bTMR + imported timothy hay), treatment 1 (bTMR + IRGS) and treatment 2 (TMR + IRGHDS) groups. The study was conducted over a total period of 24 days, including a 10 days adaptation period and a 14 days main experimental period. The results indicate body weight was not significantly different between the three groups (p>0.05), and rumination time was significantly higher in the treatment 1 group compared with the control group (p<0.001). Milk fat, protein, and lactose were not significantly different between the three groups (p>0.05), however, somatic cell counts were significantly lower in the treatment 1 group compared with the control group (p<0.001). As a result of the economic feasibility analysis, it is expected that feeding TMR using IRGS and IRGHDS will increase profit by 402.8 won/day and 331.4 won/day per cow compared to imported timothy hay. Therefore, IRGS and IRGHDS can be used as substitutes for imported timothy hay in feeding lactating dairy cows.

본 시험은 우리나라에서 원적외선을 이용한 이탈리안 라이그 라스 인공건초 조제 가능성을 확인하기 위해 수행되었다. 본 시험 에 사용된 기계는 온도, 송풍량, 원적외선 방사량을 조절할 수 있 는 원적외선 건조기로 5월에 수확한 이탈리안 라이그라스를 대상 으로 실시하였다. 건조를 위한 조건은 전체 9개의 조건을 선택하 여 수행하였으며 각각의 조건은 방사율 42∼45 %로 설정을 하였 으며 내부 온도는 65℃로 설정하였다. 기기내의 기류의 속도는 40 ∼60m/s로 하였으며, 전체적인 건조시간은 방사량 42%는 30분, 43%는 25분 그리고 45%는 20분으로 하여 수행하였다. 각각의 건조조건에 따른 최종 건물함량은 평균 88.5%로 나타났으며 전 처리에서 건초에 적합한 건물함량을 나타내었다. 건조 조건에 따 른 전력 소비량을 보면 45% 방사량에서 20분간을 건조한 처리구 에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 건조율에 있어서는 1∼5번 건조 조건에 서는 차이가 없었으나 6∼7조건에서는 유의적으로 낮은 경향을 보였다. 사료가치에 있어서는 대부분의 건조조건에서 원물보다 CP, IVDMD는 높았고 ADF, NDF 함량은 낮게 나타났으며 대체 적으로 4, 7 및 8번 건조 조건에서 높은 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 건조속도, 전력량, 품질 등을 고려할 때 7 및 8번 건조조건이 가장 유리한 것으로 판단되었다.

This field evaluated the effect of different yields on the drying rate of Italian ryegrass (“Kowinearly”, Lolium multiflorum Lam.) hay during the spring season. The experiment was performed at Hwaseong, 2015. The different yields of the plot were selected by growth and development check. Three treatments were 35 t/ha(Y1), 45 t/ha(Y2), and 60 t/ha(Y3). After harvest with conditioner, it was conducted tedding 1/day. It was investigated patterns for changes in moisture content. The changes in moisture content were respectively Y1 from 78.9% to 14.4%, Y2 from 79.1% to 18.3%, and Y3 from 77.9% to 25.5% for 5days. It was no different significantly for changes in moisture content by yields from 1st day ~ 2nd day, But It was different significantly from 3rd day to 5th day. the content of neural detergent fiber(NDF) and acid detergent fiber(ADF) were respectively about 34%, 59%, regardless of yields (P>0.05). Crude protein of Yields Y1, Y2, and Y3 were respectively 6.9%, 8.7%, and 9.4% (P<0.05). The result of this study that the higher yields, the slower it dried. The Quantity is a factor to effect on drying rate.

This study was conducted to investigate the possibility of replacing imported Timothy hay (TH) with domestic Italian ryegrass silage (IRGS) as a horse feed considering feed quality, nutrient digestibility and feed price. Two experimental diets (TH and IRGS) were fed to six-headed Thoroughbred (body weight, 475.7±33.3kg) of the Korea Racing Authority of Wondang Stud Farm. The 3 head animals were assigned to Control group (TH) and Treatment group (IRGS), respectively. The nutrient digestibility was determined by the total collection method. IRGS is enough for using as a horse feed because its Relative feed value(RFV) was higher than TH and its fermentation quality is suitable for horses. Although no difference was observed in nutrient digestibility, Total digestible nutrients(TDN), and Digestible energy(DE) between Control and Treatment group (p>0.05), the fact that price of IRGS was much lower (53.7~62.4%) than that of TH indicates IRGS has competitive advantage over TH as a horse forage feed. The present study indicates that IRGS can be fully replaced with TH due to its superior economic value even though the similarity of its nutrient digestibility, TDN, and DE to TH.

This study was conducted to examine the effects of defaunation (removal of live protozoa) on fermentation characteristics, degradation of ryegrass hay and CH4 (methane) production by rumen microbes when incubated with plant oils (SO, sunflower oil and LO, linseed oil) in vitro. Sodium lauryl sulfate (0.000375 g/ml) as a defaunation reagent was added into the culture solution and incubated anaerobically up to 24 h at 39℃. pH from defaunation was increased for all treatments from 6 h incubation times (p<0.01-0.001) compared with those from fauantion. Concentration of ammonia-N from defaunation is higher than that from faunation at 3 h (p<0.001), 12 h (p<0.05) and 24 h (p<0.001) incubation times. Defaunation decreased (p<0.01-0.001) total volatile fatty acid concentration at all incubation times. Molar proportions of C2 (acetate, p<0.05-0.001) and butyrate (p<0.01-0.001) were also decreased by defaunation at all incubation times. Molar proportion of C3 (propionate), however, was increased by defaunation at all incubation times (p<0.001). Thus the rate of C2 to C3 was decreased by defaunation at all incubation times (p<0.001). Defaunation decreased ED (effective degradability) of dry matter (p<0.001) and ED of neutral detergent fiber (p<0.001) of ryegrass hay. Defaunation decreased total gas, CH4 production, CH4 % in total gas and CH4/CO2 at all incubation times (p<0.001). Oil supplementation decreased total gas (p<0.05-0.001), CH4 production (p<0.001) and CH4 % in total gas (p<0.001) compared with control at all incubation times. The result of this study showed that defaunation combined with oil supplementation may cause an alteration of microbial communities and further medicate the fermentation pattern, resulting in both reduction of degradation of ryegrass hay and CH4 production. No difference, however, was observed in all the examinations between SO and LO.

답이작 지대에서 이탈리안라이스라스의 자연건조에 의한 건초생산 시기를 결정하고자 예취시기를 달리한 후 건조시간, 건초함량율, 수량 및 영양가 등을 검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 초장은 4월중순 이후부터 증가율이 컸으며 엽중비율은 4월20일에는 55.6%이었으나, 5월30일에는 18.9%로 생육시기가 경과함에 따라 급격히 감소하였다. 2. 5월10일 이후부터 예취후 4일 건조시에 건초함량율은 17.1%～20.5%이었으며 건초 손실율은 10.2～15.0%이었다. 3. 조단백질, 조지방, 조회분 및 TDN 함량은 생육시기가 경과함에 따라 감소하는 경향이나 조직유 및 NFE함량은 증가하였다. 4. 건물수량은 2회수량은 2회예취인 4월20일＋5월30일 예취의 977kg /10a보다 1회예취인 5월20일, 5월30일 예취가 17～18% 증수하였으며 TDN 함량도 5～11% 증수하였다.