효율적인 산림관리와 경영이 이루어지기 위해서는 일정한 공간단위를 가지는 산림의 구획(Zoning)이 정의되어야 한다. 현재 국유림은 임･소반 기준으로, 공･사유림은 필지 단위를 기준으로 공간을 구획하여 활용하고 있다. 이러한 이원적인 공간구획체 계는 통일된 산림계획, 경영, 관리가 어려우며 장기적인 공간단위의 정보 구축과 생성, 관리에도 어려움을 끼칠 수 있다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 DEM(Digital Elevation Model) 기반으로 추출한 산줄기 유역을 소개하고 활용성 검토를 위해 현재 산림관리 단위인 임･소반도, 경영계획구, 산지/산림 관련 주제도와 중첩 분석을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 표준산림관리단위의 대안으로 제안한 각 규모별 산림유역 단위의 공간적 적합성을 검토하고 산림관리, 산림 디지털 공간자료 구축 및 관리 등의 분야에서 산줄기 내포 유역 기반 표준산림관리단위의 활용 방안을 제안하였다.

The master plan of forest land management proposes forest watershed management that considers regional characteristics in order to overcome the problem of uniform forest land management. In order to manage the forest watersheds in Gyeonggi-do, this study classified 1,823 forest watersheds in Gyeonggi-do and attempted to understand their characteristics. It conducted a factor analysis and cluster analysis from the perspective of conservation value and development pressure using forest land indicators. In terms of conservation value, three factors were drawn: the topography factor, vegetation factor and public service factor, while in terms of development pressure, three factors were drawn: the easiness of development factor, economic benefits factor and development activity factor. Using these factors, forest watersheds were divided into three clusters in terms of conservation value while they were divided into three clusters in terms of development pressure. Using the results of the cluster analysis from a conservation-development perspective, the forest watersheds were classified into nine different types, and the characteristics were identified by each type. It is judged that the factors and clusters drawn as a result of the research accurately reflect the present conditions of Gyeonggi-do, and the nine types of forest watersheds have clear characteristics according to each type, which are judged to be utilized in forest management in the future.

The purpose of this study was to analyse the runoff characteristics of non-point pollution sources in an urban watershed and determine the effectiveness of newly installed riverwater treatment system to reduce water pollution caused by storm runoff in the urban watershed. The results of this study showed that the levels of BOD5 and suspended solid were highly influenced by first-flush effect and the pollutant load of those two parameters were also very high in the urban watershed. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of riverwater treatment system to reduce the levels of BOD5 and suspended solid was relatively high, but those to reduce the levels of T-N and T-P was low, which needs some additional unit treatment process such as filtration and coagulation. Nonetheless, the riverwater treatment system tested was relatively simple in installation and operation, effective in removing many water pollutants and, most importantly, does not require much space as other treatment systems, so it could be an attractive alternative option to reduce riverwater pollution caused by storm runoff in urban watersheds.

The objective of this study was to investigate non-point sources (NPS) pollution and prioritize management areas affected by NPS pollution in the Saemangeum Watershed. AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) technique was selected to prioritize sub-watersheds for effectively managing NPS pollution in this study areas. Generation properties of NPS pollution, discharge properties of NPS pollution, and runoff properties of NPS pollution were selected and set for AHP. Weighted descriptors including indicators like numbers of livestock, land- and livestock-system loads, rainfall, and impervious area ratio were generalized from 0 to 1 and multiply each index based on screened 17 survey data. The results were visualized as maps which enable resource managers to identify sub-watersheds for effective improving water quality. The sub-watersheds located in Gongdeok-Myeon, Yongji-Myeon, Hwangsan-Myeon of Gimje-Si were selected for managing NPS pollution control areas. This result presented that these sub-watershed are more affected by the pollution from livestock-system than from land-system. The finding from this study can be used to screen sub-watersheds that need further assessment by managers and decision-makers within the study area.

비점오염원은 강우 유출수와 함께 유출되는 특성을 지니고 있어, 유역에서의 강우-유출 현상 및 이에 영향을 미치는 토지이용, 지형 및 지질, 유역의 형상, 강우특성 등을 고려한 관리 전략 수립이 필수적이다. 현재 수영강 유역에는 도시-주거지역에서 발생되는 비점오염원(거주민, 차량이동 등)과 강우시 하수의 차집관로 월류수로 인한 오염물질이 온천천 및 수영강 하천으로 유입되어 하천오염의 주원인으로 나타나고 있다. 이에 온천천의 비점오염물질에 의한 수질오염 예방의 효율적인 추진을 위하여 현재 우리나라에서 실무적으로 가장 많이 적용되고 있는 비점 해석 모형인 SWMM을 이용하여 각 배수분구 별 배출부하량 및 하수관거 월류에 대한 영향을 분석해 보았다.부산시 하수정비기본계획 상의 배수분구는 시가지와 산림이 혼합되어 있으며 면적 또한 대단히 크기 때문에 관리 유역선별 및 저감시설의 상세한 효과를 분석하기에는 어려움이 따른다. 따라서 배수분구를 세분화하여 소배수분구로 분할한 뒤 관망도와 인구조사 등을 통하여 SWMM 모형을 구축하였다. 또한 하수관거 월류수의 모의를 위해 Flow Divider 기능을 이용하여 하천으로 유입되는 합류식 관거와 하수처리장으로 유입되는 차집관거를 분류하여 모형에 반영하였다. 구축된 SWMM을 이용하여 소배수분구별 단위면적당 배출부하량 산정하고 Flow Divider 기능을 이용하여 차집관거에 대한 모의를 통해 하수관거 월류에 대한 분석을 진행하였다. 분석 결과 비점오염 배출 부하량의 경우 재송 1 소배수분구와 연산 1 소배수분구가 높은 부하량을 나타내었으며, 하수관거 월류수의 경우는 연산 1 소배수분구와 사직 5 소배수분구가 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 수영강 유역의 비점오염저감을 위해서는 비점오염 배출 부하량과 하수관거 월류수에 모두 많은 영향을 미치는 연산 1 소배수분구가 우선 관리가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.연산 1 소배수분구의 경우 현장 여건상 대규모 저류지나 비점오염저감 설비를 설치할 부지가 부족하기 때문에 LID 시설을 설치하는 것이 타당하다고 판단되어 LID 시설이 설치된다고 가정하여 그 영향을 분석해보았다. 추가적으로 수영강 본류의 경우 수영강의 지류인 석대천의 중상류 구간에 위치한 반송지역의 하수 유입에 의하여 수질이 악화되고 있으며 하류부에 위치한 반여도매시장에서 발생하는 비점오염물질들이 유입되고 있기 때문에 석대천-수영강 합류부에 비점오염저감저류지를 설치한다고 가정하여 그에 대한 영향 또한 분석해보았다. 이러한 분석결과들은 수영강 유역의 비점오염원의 계획 및 관리에 유용하게 이용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

급속한 도시화와 상업화는 경제의 거대한 흐름을 바꾸어 놓았으며 현재 우리의 삶의 방식 또한 변화하게 하였다. 하지만 이 모든 것은 물질적, 정신적 풍요로운 삶을 영위하게 하였으나 최근의 기후변화에 따라 유역관리 측면에서는 많은 것을 잃게 한 요인이기도 하다. 기후변화의 영향으로 강수량이 증가하고 이로 인한 이수, 치수, 환경적인 문제는 안전한 물의 확보와 수질 및 생태계를 보호하기 위한 별도의 관리를 필요로 하는 단계에 들어서 있으며 국내에서는 물환경 조성 및 수생태계 보전을 위한 중권역 물환경 관리계획을 시행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 중권역 물환경관리계획의 효율적인 관리를 위해 다양한 유역관리 요소를 평가·분석하여 소권역중 유역관리 필요성이 높은 곳으로 판단되는 권역을 선정하였다. 이를 통해 선정된 중점관리 소권역은 위험도에 따른 집중적인 개선 및 체계적인 정책관리방향을 수립할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

수계관리를 위해서는 수계의 상태를 평가하고 관리 목표를 바탕으로 수계의 문제를 파악하고, 이를 해결하기 위한 적절한 대책을 수립해야 한다. 수계는 여러 개의 유역들로 나눠지며, 이들은 수자원, 사회 및 경제 시스템, 법률 및 제도, 사용자, 토지, 생태계 등의 요소들로 구성되어 있다. 이들은 복잡하게 연결되어 네트워크를 형성한다. 본 연구에서는 수계 관리 정황에서 유역관리를 실시하기 위해서 유역의 관리 상태를 평가하기 위한 평가지수를 개발하였다. 평가지

As a frontier of Sustainable Basin Research Initiative, we commenced a scenario-driven planning and evaluation research project which is to identify the strategic policy scenarios. As a part of the project, this study attempts to estimate the ecological impacts of land cover changes using landscape indices at the whole basin level. We analyzed spatio-temporal characteristics of natural area including forest, agricultural land, water area, barren which play an important role in nature-friendly sustainable watershed management. The results of analysis showed that the size and diversity of natural area have been reduced, while patch number and isolation have been increased in proportion to urbanization in 1974, 1995 and four future scenarios in the Ara River Basin. Also, we estimated that the natural area could be conserved to some degree in the SD or DE scenarios with a concept of environment-friendly development and lifestyle. Various strategic environment policies may be evaluated and designed on the basis of the method, that is, scenario approach and landscape ecological analysis suggested in this study.

유역통합관리의 이론을 적용한 의사결정지원 시스템을 구축하기 위해서는 Heathcote (1998)가 제안한 다음과 같은 7단계를 수행하는 것이 바람직하다. 단계별 절차는 (1) 대상유역에 대한 정보수집, (2) 문제점 도출 및 우선 순위의 결정, (3) 분명하고 구체적인 목표의 설정, (4) 모든 대안의 제시, (5) 가능한 대안의 선별, (6) 선별된 대안의 효과분석, (7) 최종대안의 수립으로 이루어져 있으며 본 연구는 단계의 과정에 해당된다. 1단

Proper management of small rural watershed is important since it does affect water quality improvement of larger scale watershed. Therefore, effective small watershed management guideline including participatory program of local people is required to achieve water environment improvement. Feasibility of water quality goal, short and long-term watershed management plan and funding sources were investigated by field monitoring of Hampyungchun watershed which has characteristics of rural stream, and literature review. The relevant parties and their roles fer watershed management were identified and suggested. A hybrid model, that is mixture of government driven model and NGO model, is recommended for watershed management organization in this study.

This paper described the overall operations and applications of the water environment management and evaluation systems (WEMES) for environmental management, conservation, and evaluation for a small watershed. WEMES was to be applied with field data from small watersheds ranging from 0.4 to 29.79km2 in size which have steep topography and complex landuses. WEMES was a computer aided decision support system, that was comprised of the database subsystem, the simulation model subsystem, the environmental evaluation model subsystem, and the graphic user interface subsystem that visualizes the simulated results. The water environment management and evaluation with WEMES was successfully performed.

In an effort to effectively manage and evaluate a water environment at a small watershed, a decision support system for a water environment management and evaluation has been developed. This paper described the overall features and functions of the water environment management and evaluation systems (WEMES) for environmental management, conservation, and evaluation at a small watershed. WEMES consisted of fore subsystems: data, simulation model, evaluation model, and user interface. Each of the systems were briefly described. And special features like simulation and evaluation models were also introduced.

Buffer zone selection technique for natural purification of livestock wastewater within a small agricultural watershed was developed using Geographic Information Systems. The technique was applied to 4.12 km2 watershed located in Gosan-myun, Ansung-gun which have 20 livestock farmhouses. As a necessary data for selecting process, feedlot site map, digital Elevation Model (DEM), stream network, soil and land use map were prepared. By using these data, wastewater moving-path tracing program from each feedlot to the stream was developed to get the basic topographic factors; average slope through the paths, distance to the nearest stream and watershed outlet. To identify the vulnerable feedlots for storm event, the grid-based storm runoff model (Kim, 1998; Kim et al., 1998) was adopted. The result helps to narrow down the suitable area of buffer zone, and finally by using subjective but persuasive conditions related to elevation, slope and land use, the suitable buffer zones were selected.

The purpose of this study Is to develop water quality management system fort a farm village stream. The framework design of the system and the ecological monitoring of a test watershed were carried out, The system consists of GIS(Geographic Information System ), database, pollution source management, water quality and hydrologic analysis. Suri watershed located on Idong, Yongin city, Kyunggi Province, was selected as the test watershed for the application of the system. The fifteen's monitoring stations were chooses at up- and down-stream of the watershed. The results of an aquatic ecological monitoring were analyzed by the GPI(Group Pollution Index) method. The GPI revealed that water quality was varied within the stream. GPI and DO map for the watershed stream were developed, These maps facilitated to analyze the spatial distribution of the water quality.