This study investigates the integration of astronomy-related topics in the Korean national science curricula spanning from 1945 to 2023. We analyze the placement and extent of astronomy content across different school levels. Astronomy contents in the science curricula have changed in response to social needs (e.g., practical knowledge required for agriculture and fishery) and advancement in astronomical research (e.g., the discovery of exoplanets and the suggestion of new cosmological parameters). Contents addressing the motions of celestial objects and stellar physical properties have remained relatively consistent. In the latest 2022 revised national curriculum, scheduled for implementation in 2024, several elements, such as coordinate systems, have been removed, while the inquiry activities using digital tools are emphasized. The incorporation of the cosmic perspectives in the national curriculum, as well as astronomy education within the context of education for sustainable development, remains limited even in the most recent curriculum. For future life revisions, the active participation of researchers is needed to reflect the latest astronomical research progress and scientific characteristics in the field of astronomy.

Technosignature, previously known as SETI(search for extraterrestrial intelligence), is the scientic evidence of past or present extraterrestrial civilizations. Since NRAO's Project Ozma was performed in 1960, most of the noticeable technosignature searches have been done by radio telescopes, hoping to find strong and narrow bandwidth signals that cannot be explained by known natural processes. Recently, the Breakthrough Listen project has opened a new opportunity for technosignature by utilizing both optical telescopes, radio telescopes, and next-generation radio telescope arrays. In this review, mainly based on NASA Technosignatures Workshop (2018), we review the current trends of technosignature surveys, as well as other possible methods for detecting technosignature. Also, we suggest what the Korean community could contribute the technosignature research, including the new SETI project with Korea VLBI Network (KVN).

The Seoul Radio Astronomy Observatory (SRAO) operates a 6.1-meter radio telescope on the Gwanak campus of Seoul National University. We present the efforts to reform SRAO to a Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) station, motivated by recent achievements by millimeter interferometer networks such as Event Horizon Telescope, East Asia VLBI Network, and Korean VLBI Network (KVN). For this goal, we installed a receiver that had been used in the Combined Array for Research in Millimeterwave Astronomy and a digital backend, including an H-maser clock. The existing hardware and software were also revised, which had been dedicated only to single-dish operations. After several years of preparations and test observations in 1 and 3-millimeter bands, a fringe was successfully detected toward 3C 84 in 86 GHz in June 2022 for a baseline between SRAO and KVN Ulsan station separated by 300 km. Thanks to the dual frequency operation of the receiver, the VLBI observations will soon be extended to the 1 mm band and verify the frequency phase referencing technique between 1 and 3-millimeter bands.

우리나라에는 해안지역의 바위언덕을 중심으로 윷판암각화가 산재해있다. 본고에서는 먼저 윷판암각화의 위치와 형태상의 특징에 의거해서 놀이용이 아니라, 밤하늘에 뜬 달의 모양과 위치로 하루의 시간을 알려주는 달 시계의 역할을 했다는 점을 밝혔다. 또한 달의 변화를 주기로 한달간의 날짜를 표시하는 동시에, 사리와 조금의 날짜를 알려주는 캘린더의 역할을 했으 니, 이는 농경사회 이전의 어로(漁撈)사회에서의 시계/달력 역 할을 수행한 일종의 천문의기(天文儀器)였음을 논증했다. 그리 고 윷판암각화의 사분원(四分圓)을 시공간에 적용하므로써 동 서남북과 춘하추동을 구분하고 그에 따른 삶의 주기를 규정하 는 기준으로 삼았을 가능성을 분석해보았다. 윷판암각화는 고대 한반도에서 일어나 아메리카 대륙에 까지 영향을 미친 고대문명의 자취이자, 그 이후에도 한국인의 우주 론·세계관과 인생관 그리고 생활습속 등에 걸쳐서 달중심의 문 화를 형성하는 바탕이 되었다고 본다.