이 연구는 해초에 부착하는 부착생물 군집의 생태학적 특성에 대한 두 번째 연구로서 해초가 서식하는 연안 환경의 물리화학적 요인 변화에 따른 부착조류를 포함한 부착생물의 변화양상을 이해하고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 결과를 살펴보면, 1) 잘피는 수주의 온도와 정상관관계를 보임으로써 잘피의 성장이 온도에 의해 큰 영향을 받고 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 2) 부착생물은 수온과는 상관관계를 보이지 않은 반면 수주의 염분과는 역상관관계를 보였다. 이는 염분 25 이하 범위에서 서식이 용이한 미세규조 종들의 증가로 인한 것으로 보인다. 이는 영양염의 결과와도 일치하였는데, 3) 잘피의 성장과 총질산염 (TN)과는 역상관관계를 보임으로써 수주에 총질산염이 낮을 때 잘피의 성장이 좋았으며, 4) 부착생물의 현존량과 인산염과는 유의성이 나타나지 않은 반면, 수주의 질산염, 아질산염 그리고 총질산염과는 정상관관계를 나타냄으로써 부착생물의 성장에 질산염 계열의 영양염의 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 영양염과 잘피의 성장, 그리고 부착생물의 현존량과의 상관관계 결과들을 종합해 보면 부착생물의 현존량 증가는 영양염의 증가로 인한 것이며, 이는 잘피의 성장을 감소시키는 원인-영향 과정과 깊은 관계가 있음을 나타내고 있다.

마산만의 수질변화와 chlorophyll-a의 관계를 밝히고자 이 해역을 대표할 수 있는 4개 정점에서 2010년 2월부터 2010년 11월까지 강우와 기온을 포함한 기후학적 요인, 물리 화학적 요인, 그리고 chlorophyll-a의 변화를 집중 조사하였다. 그 결과, 수온, 염분, SS, 규산염은 정점별 차이를 보이지 않았으며, COD 및 DIN은 마산만 내만으로 갈수록 증가하였다. 시계열적으로는 여름철 집중 강우 시 마산만 지류 하천 및 낙

The purpose of this study is to identify hazardous physical factors and chemical air pollutants in conservation museum in order to protect the cultural heritage. For this, we collected and re-analyzed the articles that were published from 2006 to 2007 by National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage for temperature, relative humidity and the level of pollutants (PM₁₀, CO₂, HCHO, CO, NO₂, Rn, TVOCs, O₃, SO₂) in exhibition hall and storage in museum. The pooled average level of temperature at exhibition hall and storage in museum was 23.5±1.4℃ and 20.6±1.1℃, respectively. The range of temperature variation was 5.4℃ for exhibition hall and 4.5℃ for storage. The pooled average concentration of TVOCs in exhibition hall and storage in museum was 493.6±125.6㎍/m³ and 788.9±157.5㎍/m³, respectively. These exceeded 400㎍/ m³ which is the guideline of national law for the Korean Ministry of Public Administration and Security (KMOPAS). Other surveyed pollutants were as per the guidelines of the national law for the Korean Ministry of Environment (KMOE) and the KMOPAS. Through the consideration of the physical and chemical properties and the result of meta-analysis for thermal environment and surveyed temperature, humidity, PM₁₀, NO₂, SO₂, O₃, TVOCs, and HCHO were the identified hazardous physical factors and chemical pollutants at exhibition halls and storages in museum.

To provide the research strategy for protection of children’s health from hazardous chemical, we reviewed the hazardous chemicals can be exposed through maternity, children's life style and living environment. Recently, diseases related with children’s living condition were focused as asthma, atopy, childhood developmental disability, congenital malformations and obesity. Children can be exposed to hazardous chemicals through an ambient air, water, soil, food, toys and other factors such as floor dust. Also children’s health was deeply related with a wrong life style and neglectful caring by a lack of knowledge and information of harmful ones at parents and child care center’s nursers. According to the previous study, the chemical risk factor of children’s health were identified as inorganic arsenic, bisphenol A, 2,4-D, dichlorvos, methylmercury, PCBs, pesticide, phthalates, PFOA/PFOS, vinyl chloride, et al. Domestic studies for identification of causality between children exposure to chemicals and resulted hazardous effects were not implemented. The confirmation of chemical risk factors through simultaneously performing toxicological analysis, human effect study, environmental/human monitoring, and risk assessment is needed for good risk management. And also, inter-agency collaboration and sharing information can support confirming scientific evidence and good decision making.

두 가지 유해인자가 동시에 작용할 때 생물체에 나타나는 영향은 길항작용에서 상승작용에 이르기까지 폭넓게 나타난다. 상승작용의 생물학적 중요성에도 불구하고 유해인자간의 복합작용을 설명할 수 있는 구체적 연구결과들은 별로 없는 실정이다. 본 연구는 고온과 기타 환경 유해인자의 복합작용에 의해 생물체에 나타내는 반응에 있어서의 규칙성을 도출해 내기 위하여 수행되었다. 고온과 이온화방사선, 자외선, 초음파 등의 동시작용에 관한 효모세포 실험결과를 분석하였으며

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 기상환경(氣象環境) 및 예취관리(刈取管理)가 주요(主要) 북방형(北方型) 목초(牧草)의 물질생산성(物質生産性)과 에너지가치(價値)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)코자 한국(韓國)의 Suweon, Cheju 및 Taekwalyong과 서독(西獨)의 Freising 및 Braunschweing에서 1975~79년간(年間) 동시(同時)에 실시(實施)되었다. 공시초종(供試草種)은 orchardgrassm perennial

This study was performed to identify the state of the exposure and characteristics of pollutants by each process at 4 casting sites located in Gyeongsang-do from April to November 2013. The concentrations of methanol, crystallized silica glass, formaldehyde and phenol were analyzed by different process - casting process, molding process, core process, and shakeout & finishing process. The highest concentration of methanol was found in casting and molding process, whereas the highest concentration of crystalline quartz(Silica) was observed in core process. The most oxidized steel dusts and the highest concentration of fume were found in shakeout & finishing process. As a result of this study, those labors working at the casting site were found to be constantly exposed to various forms of hazardous chemicals; therefore, it is considered that this is the time to manage and plan how to reduce them. In addition, it is required to thoroughly manage the local exhauster, and improve the process and working environment to reduce various forms of hazardous chemicals.

나물콩 5품종(녹채콩, 다원콩, 서남콩, 오리알태, 풍산나 물콩)으로 재배한 콩나물을 실험재료로 사용하여 콩나물의 맛 관련지표를 탐색하였다. 공시재료로 재배된 콩나물들의 이화학적 성분함량과 관능평가와의 상관관계 등을 분석하 여 콩나물의 맛에 관련된 지표를 판단하였으며, 분석결과 아미노산, 지방산, 무기질 함량이 콩나물의 관능 특성과 연 관이 있었다. 아미노산 중 histidine, aspartic acid, serine 등 이 콩나물의 비린 맛과 부의 상관을 보이는 동시에 달콤한 맛과는 유의성은 없었으나 어느 정도 정의 상관 경향이 나 타났다. 지방산에서는 콩나물의 전체적 선호도에 linolenic acid가 정의 상관인 반면 oleic acid와는 부의 상관을 보였 다. 무기질 중에는 Ca 함량이 콩나물의 전체적 선호도와 정 의 상관을 나타내었다. 한편, 콩나물 맛 관련 지표를 탐색하 기 위하여 콩나물의 화학성분 47개를 다중회귀식으로 검토 한 결과 콩나물의 전체적 선호도에는 linolenic acid 등 지방 산 함량의 영향이 크게 나타났다. 아미노산 중에는 arginine 과 serine의 영향이 컸으며 무기이온 중에는 Ca의 함량이 콩나물 맛에 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다.

Composition of nutrient media, flower bud size, cold pretreatment, heat shock stress, and ethylene inhibitor could have marked effects on microspore embryogenesis. No microspore-derived embryos (MDE) were formed when microspores were isolated from radish (Raphanus sativus L.) flower buds of 1.0-2.5 mm in size, whereas MDE were formed with microspores isolated from 2.5-4.5 and 4.5-6.5 mm flower buds. The microspores isolated from 2.5-4.5 mm flower buds showed high embryo yields. When the isolated microspores were washed with Nitsch & Nitsch (NLN) liquid medium containing 130 g‧L-1 sucrose (NLN-13), the yield of MDE increased significantly when comparing with washing using B-5 liquid medium containing 130 g‧L-1 sucrose.Microspores cultured on half strength NLN liquid medium containing 0.05 mgL-1 silver nitrate (AgNO3) produced the most MDE, showing a more than two-fold increase in yield compared to those cultured on medium without AgNO3. A heat shock pretreatment of microspores at 32°C for 24 h gave high-frequency production of MDE when compare to higher or lower temperatures; no MDE were formed at 42.5°C. Microspore viability is known to decrease rapidly with storage; however, in this experiment, microspore viability was maintained for 24 h at 4°C without media. A polyploidy test indicated that 19.7% of the microspore-derived plants were double haploid, other plants were haploid, and chimeras were haploid and diploid. This protocol is thought to be very useful for efficient production of homozygous lines that is critical for the production of radish F1 hybrids

Effects of physico-chemical factors on the zonation and vertical distribution of benthic microalgal communities in the tidal flats of Youngkwang and Gangjin, Korea, were studied. Concentrations of nutrients were low throughout the study period. A 38 species of benthic microalgae was identified. Most of the algae were pennate diatoms with small size. Cell numbers at silty sediments were higher than sandy sediments, and showed high patchy distribution. Zonal distributions of benthic microalgae showed higher variation from silty sediment than sandy sediments. Benthic microalgae showed vertical migration within the upper few mm of sediment with periodicity closely related to tidal cycles. Maximum cells were observed from 0 mm depth both sandy and silty sediments. Cells of benthic microalgae in the 1 - 2 mm depth decreased after desiccation of sediments. The variation of cells was higher at sandy sediments than silty sediments. Cell numbers of benthic microalgae showed no positive relationships with pH and nutrinets except NH4-N.

Determining factors and temporal & spatial characteristics of COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand) at the sea surface in Jinhae bay have been examined by using seasonal data, taken at twenty six stations cver the whole bay during 1989∼1994 by NFRDA. The data have been analyzed in terms of long term means, anomalously large values. Jinhae bay is divided into three regions based on the time mean : mouth of Jinhae bay, inner sea of Masan bay, western sea of Jinhae bay called region 1,2 and 3, respectively. The horizontal distribution of the long term mean of COD at each station is similar to those of nitrogen and phosphorus. Characteristics of whole mean variation in the year shows high range of variation in region 2. It was appear to decreases every year in whole trend. Factors determining seasonal variation in whole COD mean are relative to salinity and nutrient, affected by precipitation in summer. Spatial variation shows high range of fluctuation in region 2 compare to other region. Factors determining of spatial variation of COD was appear to nutrient, affected by pollutant load of land area and bottom sediment. The long term mean of COD at each station is closely related with thats of nutrients. The coorelation coefficient between COD and nitrogen, phosphate phosphorus was found to be high as 0.75, 0.78, respectively. Anomalously large COD was observed 14 times at 6 stations. These stations are located in inner sea of Masan bay(Region 2) and Songjeong bay(Region 1). The seasonal frequency of the observed anomalous COD is large in April, and other seasons are much the same.

오리엔트종 연초에서 생육 후기 조도와, 인공기상실에서의 생육 온도를 달리하여 각각 잎담배의 화학성분과 품질과의 관계를 분석한 결과, 1. 조도가 낮을수록 잎담배의 품질이 낮고, 수확엽의 엽록소함량이 높으나 단위엽면적량이 낮았으며, 2. 당, 석유에텔 추출물 및 휘발성 유기산함량이 낮고, 전질소, 니코틴, 회분, pH는 높았으며 ester 화함물은 조도가 높은 구에서 neophytadiened은 조도가 낮을수록 함량이 높았다. 3. 생육 온도가 20℃ , 25℃ , 30℃ 로 높을수록 개화일수가 짧고 생육이 저하되었으며, 품질은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4. 생육 온도가 높을수록 질소화합물, 회분함량, pH가 높은 당합량이 낮았으나, 석유에텔 추출물, 휘발성 유기산 및 적유성분 중성부 함량은 큰 차이가 없었다. 5. 생육중 일조와 온도가 다른 환경의 잎담배 품질평가에 공통적으로 적용이 가능한 지수로는 I-IV, IX 및 X이 추천된다.