This study was carried out to get more operational characteristics of the sequencing batch biofilm reactors with media volume/reactor volume ratio of 15 %, 25 % and 35 %. Experiments were conducted to find the effects of the media packing ratio on organic matters and nutrients removal. Three laboratory scale reactors were fed with synthetic wastewater. During studies, the operation mode was fixed. The organic removal efficiency didn't show large difference among three reactor of different packing media ratios. However, from the study results, the optimum packing media ratios for biological nutrient removal was shown as 25%. The denitrifying PAOs could take up and store phosphate using nitrate as electron acceptor.

To develop optimal storage method of root of Anemarrhena Rhizome, which has been grown as major cultural herbal medicine material, root of Anemarrhena Rhizome was stored for 10 months with different packing materials and sealing methods. The loss in dry weight as influenced by packing materials and sealing methods was the lowest at vacuum packing and followed by complete sealing methods with transparent polyethylene film. The rot ratio of root during the storage period was not significantly different among packing materials but was significantly different among sealing conditions. Conclusively vacuum packing and complete sealing with polyethylene film appears to be optimal for storage of Anemarrhena Rhizome.

월동배추(품종 : 동풍)를 에서 저온저장중 선도 유지를 위하여 포장과 적입방법 개선에 대한 효과가 조사되었다. 저장과정중 배추의 상품성을 보았을 때 월동배추는 에 저온 저장한 경우 4개월 이상 저장, 출하가 가능한 것으로 여겨졌다. 포장용기간 저장성은 0.03mm 폴리에칠렌 플라스틱필름에 4포기씩 세로로 적입하여 플라스틱콘테이너에 저장한 경우가 기존의 폴리프로필렌 그물망과 철제파레트를 이용한 경우에 비하여 우수하게 나타났다. MAP 저장시 포장내

Packing tower has been used in the chemical industry and the protection of environment for a long time. In the view of environmental protection, purification of exhaust gas can be performance effective by gas absorption in counter-current packing tower. In this study, characteristics of hydraulic and mass transfer were investigated in D. 0.3m × H. 1.4m packing tower with 50mm plastic Hiflow-ring. This study was carried out "Test systems were experimented in conditions of Air, Air/H2O, NH3-Air/H2O, NH3-Air/H2O- H2SO4, and SO2 -Air/H2O-NaOH under steady state". The extent of test included dry and wetting pressure drop, physical law, separation efficiency, and hold-up as function of gas and liquid load.

In this study a packed tower was selected for the treatment apparatus of NH3 gas produced in industry. Formerly, latticework packing has been used in preventive facility of treatment of NH3 gas. However, recently metallic Ralu-Pack 250YC, structured packing, is usually being used in petrochemical production plant. This study is for the application the packing to the NH3 gas treatment in wet scrubbing process. In Air/water system, hydraulic pressure drop dependent of specific liquid load and gas capacity factor was continuous and parallel from graph. The tower height can be determined by the number of transfer unit and the height of transfer unit influenced on liquid distribution.

부추저장 중 포장재별 중량감소는 LDPE, PP 및 HDPE film처리가 포장재간 큰차이 없이 1% 미만의 매우 작은 감소를 보였으나, 무포장은 저장기간이 경과할수록 감소율이 현저히 증가하였다. 부추즙액의 당도는 입고시 6.0 Brix에서 무포장 2주째에 4.6 Brix로 크게 감소되었으며, LDPE film등 포장재처리는 밀봉처리에서 4.9-5.9 Brix로 감소폭이 적었고, 탈기처리시에는 4.5-4.7 Brix로 감소폭이 다소 큰 경향이었다

Packing house is the regional center in which packing, sorting, storage, and selling of harvested fruits are taken care of all together. It is located at the producing centers, and commercializes their apples. Apple grading policies of chief producing centers should concentrate on enhancing functions and roles of its local packing house. Consequently new packing house policies for enacting individual grading standards at national and local levels should be developed. This study is to develop Korea packing house on the basis of field survey in New York State. Increasing the utilization of packing house is the main key to the success of apple grading project. Therefore, effective arrangement and utilization of sorting facilities should be evaluated and new system which enables apple farms, local cooperatives, and corporations to joint-utilize packing house must to be established.

유통을 위한 포도 보존 중 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 보존기간 연장에 효과적인 적정 포장재 제작에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자 포도 캠벨얼리를 공시하여 스치로폴 상자, 마닐라상자 등 6처리를 두어 시험한 결과, 중량감소는 유통일수가 경과함에 따라 많았으며, 처리 간에는 15일 보존시 스치로폴상자에 비해 스치로폴상자+(스치로폴접시 + BioPE 필름밀봉), 스티로폴상자 + (스치로폴접시 + 랩 밀봉)처리가 적었으며, 비정상과는 밀봉구에서 많았으나,

The study was carried out to demonstrate the superiority of used packing in view of energy saving and efficiency of mass transfer, comparing with conventional packing. The results are as follows 1. Owing to low pressure drop under high load, 25㎜ NSW-ring, pp. can cause energy saving 2. The unique magnitudes of used packing are as follows C_o=5.78, m = 0.67, n = 0.46 3. Used packing can make high efficiency including energy saving because of low pressure drop per the number of transfer unit. To rate the characteristic of packing, it should be carried out that the measurement of pressure drop per packing height and per the number of transfer unit. This study demonstrated the superiority of used packing by earring out above experiment and could be used as basic reference for design and predicting efficiency of packing tower which is filled with same packing.

Physicochemical properties affecting on the quality of Citrus unshiu Marc. var miyagawa and C. unshiu Marc. var, okitsu according to cultivation area in Cheju were investigated. Linear correlations (r>0.9) were showed between fruit size and peel thickness. There were much difference between cultivation areas in soluble solids of C. unshiu Marc. var. okitsu. The difference were not so much in soluble solids and acid contents of citrus fruits produced at same area below 65mm of fruit diameter, but the quality of large size fruits were inferior. Brix/Acid ratio could not be index for quality evaluation, because of individual deviation. Soluble solid content of citrus fruits produced in south Cheju was higher than that produced in north Cheju. Acid content and Brix/Acid ratio of citrus fruits produced in south Cheju was lower than that produced in north Cheju. The quality of C. unshiu Marc. var. miyagawa clad not so much difference between cultivation area, but the difference of quality were recognized significantly in C. unshiu Marc. var. okitsu.

To study the shelf-life of cut cabbage kimchi, we examined the several quality characteristics of cabbage kimchi under various storage temperatures and packing materials. The pH of kimchi extracts were decreased to 4.0 in the condition of storage at 8 during 6 days, at 4 during 18days, 0 during 42 days. The increase patterns of the organic acid were reverse to the changes of pH under the all conditions. The contents of reducing sugar were continuously decreased at 8 , but increased gradually at 0 and 4 storage conditions. The contents of vitamine C were decreased at the early storage but increased to optimum ripening stage of pH 4.2-4.4 and after decreased continuously. The total bacterial cell counts of cabbage kimchi were increased suddenly at the early storage and after decreased gradually. And at the higher storage temperature, the more lactic acid bacteria were. On the results of sensory evaluation of cabbage kimchi at marketable shelf-life, sour taste and sour smell were significant under all experimental conditions by Duncan's multiple range test. On the above all results, we concluded that the marketable shelf-life of cut cabbage kimchi were 42 days, 19 days, 6 days at 0, 4, 8 storage condition respectively.